INTRODUCTION TO ANIMATION

FROM
VAIBHAV PARASHAR
3D-DEPT. HEAD
 Animation
 “The Word animation is generated from word "anime" which means life.
animation is the rapid display of a sequence of images of 2D or 3D
artwork or model positions in order to create an illusion of movement.”.
Production Pipeline Of Animation
 Pre Production
Story
 Heads of story are in charge of turning the writer's words and the
director's vision into a visual representation of the narrative. They
produce series of panels to plan the action, staging and camera choices
in 3D digital shots or 2D animation frames. They also work to ensure
continuity between animated scenes.
 Script Writing
 Script writing, sometimes called Screenwriting, involves creating an
outline of all of the events taking place in an animation. This means
detailing all of the audio such as dialogue, sound effects and music
score.
 Concept Art
 Concept art is a form of illustration used to convey an idea for use in (but not
limited to) films, video games, animation, or comic books before it is put into the
final product.
 Story Boarding
 Storyboards are graphic organizers in the form of illustrations or images displayed
in sequence for the purpose of pre-visualizing a motion picture, animation, motion
graphic or interactive media sequence.
 Layouts
 Once the storyboards have been approved, they are sent to the layout
department which then works closely with the director to design the
locations and costumes. With this done they begin to stage the scenes,
showing the various characters' positions throughout the course of each
shot.
 Model Sheets
 Model sheets are precisely drawn groups of pictures that show all of the possible
expressions that a character can make, and all of the many different poses that
they could adopt. These sheets are created in order to both accurately maintain
character detail and to keep the designs of the characters uniform whilst different
animators are working on them across several shots.
 During this stage the character designs are finalized so that when production
starts their blueprints can be sent to the modeling department who are
responsible for creating the final character models.
 Animatics
 A preliminary version of a film with soundtrack.
 Production
Character Modeling
In 3D computer graphics, 3D modeling (or three-dimensional modeling) is the
process of developing a mathematical representation of any three-dimensional
surface of an object (either inanimate or living) via specialized software. Modeling is
the process of taking a shape and molding it into a completed 3D mesh..
 Background Modeling
3D background modeling is the creation of a three-dimensional object
inside of simulated software. The object can be created from simple
shapes all the way up to complex high-polygon models.
 Texturing / Shading
Texture mapping is a method for defining high frequency detail, surface texture,
or color information on a computer-generated graphic or 3D model. exture
mapping originally referred to a method (now more accurately called diffuse
mapping) that simply wrapped and mapped pixels from a texture to a 3D surface.
 Rigging / Character Setup
When a modeler finishes building a character, it's a static 3D mesh, almost like a
marble sculpture. (And if you've ever tried posing and animating a marble sculpture
so it's impossible.Before a 3D character model can be handed over to the team of
animators, it must be bound to a system of joints and control handles so that the
animators can pose the model.
 Character Animation

Character animation is a specialized area of the animation process, which involves bringing
animated characters to life. The role of a Character Animator is analogous to that of a film or
stage actor, and character animators are often said to be "actors with a pencil" (or a mouse).
Character animators breathe life in their characters, creating the illusion of thought, emotion
and personality. Character animation is often distinguished from creature animation, which
involves bringing photo-realistic animals and creatures to life.
 Lighting
Computer graphics lighting refers to the simulation of light in computer graphics. This
simulation can either be extremely accurate, as is the case in an application like
Radiance which attempts to track the energy flow of light interacting with materials
using radiosity computational techniques. Alternatively, the simulation can simply be
inspired by light physics, as is the case with non-photorealistic rendering. In both
cases, a shading model is used to describe how surfaces respond to light. Between
these two extremes, there are many different rendering approaches which can be
employed to achieve almost any desired visual result.
 Effects (Dynamics)
Dynamic simulation (or dynamic system simulation) is the use of a computer program
to model the time varying behavior of a system. The systems are typically described
by ordinary differential equations or partial differential equations. As mathematical
models incorporate real-world constraints, like gear backlash and rebound from a hard
stop,some methods use a fixed step through the interval, and others use an adaptive
step that can shrink or grow automatically to maintain an acceptable error tolerance.
Some methods can use different time steps in different parts of the simulation model.
 Rendering
3D rendering is the 3D computer graphics process of automatically converting 3D
wire frame models into 2D images with 3D photorealistic effects or non-photorealistic
rendering on a computer. Rendering is the final process of creating the actual 2D
image or animation from the prepared scene. This can be compared to taking a photo
or filming the scene after the setup is finished in real life. Several different, and often
specialized, rendering methods have been developed. These range from the distinctly
non-realistic wireframe rendering through polygon-based rendering, to more
advanced techniques such as: scanline rendering, ray tracing, or radiosity. Rendering
may take from fractions of a second to days for a single image/frame. In general,
different methods are better suited for either photo-realistic rendering, or real-time
rendering.
 Post Production
Visual Effects
Visual effects involve the integration of live-action footage and generated imagery
to create environments which look realistic, but would be dangerous, expensive,
impractical, or impossible to capture on film. Visual effects using computer
generated imagery have recently become accessible to the independent
filmmaker with the introduction of affordable and easy-to-use animation and
compositing software.
 Compositing
Compositing is the combining of visual elements from separate sources into
single images, often to create the illusion that all those elements are parts of the
same scene. Live-action shooting for compositing is variously called "chroma
key", "blue screen", "green screen" and other names. Today, most, though not all,
compositing is achieved through digital image manipulation.
 Sound Effects
Sound effects (or audio effects) are artificially created or enhanced sounds, or sound processes
used to emphasize artistic or other content of films, television shows, live performance,
animation, video games, music, or other media. In motion picture and television production, a
sound effect is a sound recorded and presented to make a specific storytelling or creative point
without the use of dialogue or music. The term often refers to a process applied to a recording,
without necessarily referring to the recording itself. In professional motion picture and television
production, dialogue, music, and sound effects recordings are treated as separate elements.
Dialogue and music recordings are never referred to as sound effects, even though the
processes applied to such as reverberation or flanging effects, often are called "sound effects"
 Editing
Video editing is the process of manipulating and rearranging video shots to create a
new work. Editing is usually considered to be one part of the post production
process — other post-production tasks include titling, colour correction, sound
mixing, etc.
Happy Animation

Thank You