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Yusra's Presentation 10

The document provides an overview of programming, defining it as the process of creating instructions for computers. It categorizes programming languages into low-level languages, such as machine and assembly languages, and high-level languages, which include procedural and non-procedural languages. Examples of high-level languages discussed are FORTRAN, Pascal, SQL, and RPG.

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2 views8 pages

Yusra's Presentation 10

The document provides an overview of programming, defining it as the process of creating instructions for computers. It categorizes programming languages into low-level languages, such as machine and assembly languages, and high-level languages, which include procedural and non-procedural languages. Examples of high-level languages discussed are FORTRAN, Pascal, SQL, and RPG.

Uploaded by

yusrafatima1214
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ASSINGMENT

PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTAL

NAME : YUSSRA FATIMA


ROLL NO : BSCS-24-32
TOPIC : Programming Language
INTRODUCTION TO
PROGRAMMING
WHAT IS PROGRAMMING?
Programming is the process of creating
instruction for the computer to follow the specific tasks.
Through programming developers can create software
application, websites and much more.
 Types of Programming
There are two types of programming:

 Low – Level Languages


 High – Level Languages

 Low-level-language:
Low level language that are closely related to computer hardware and far
from human language. Computer can understand easily this language. However, they are more complex
and harder to written as compared to high-level languages.
Types of low–level language
1) Machine language
2) Assembly language
• MACHINE LANGUAGE:
Instructions are
written in binary form is called machine language. It is
directly understood by the computer.Program written
in machine language can be executed very fast.

• ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE:
It is one step higher than machine
language. This language used symbols instead of
binary code. These symbols are called mnemonics.It is
also called symbolic language. Program are written in
this language are easier to understand.
 High-level-language:
The language which is
close to human language is called high level
language. It is easy to understand. Instruction of
these language are written in english like words such
as input and print etc.

CATEGORIES OF HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGES:


1. Procedural languages
2. Non-Procedural languages
 PROCEDURAL
LANGUAGES:
Procedural languges also known as
third generation of languages.This language tells the
computer what to do or how to do.
Most popular languages are as follow:
a. FORTRAN:
FORTRAN stands for Formula
Translation. It is mainly used for developing scientific &
engineering applications.
b. PASCAL:
Pascal is used for bot scientific & business
applications. Its name was assigned in the honor of a
French Mathematician Pascal.
 NON-POCEDURAL
LANGUAGES:
Non-procedural languages are also
known as fourth generation languages.By using non-
procedural languages,the user tells the computer
only”What to do” not “How to do”.It can be used by
non-technical user to perform a task.
Some important non-procedural languages are as
follow:
1. SQL:
SQL stands for Structured Query
Language.It is a national standard by (ANSI).SQL works
with database programs like MS Access,Informix etc.
2. RPG:
RPG stands for Report Program
Generator.It was develop in 1960s.It is mostly used with
IBM mid-range computers.

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