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DFD 1

Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) illustrate how information flows into and out of a system, detailing the processes, data stores, and external entities involved. DFDs can be categorized into logical and physical types, with logical focusing on system processes and physical on actual data flow implementation. Levelled DFDs provide varying levels of detail, from context diagrams to detailed representations of processes.

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17 views29 pages

DFD 1

Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) illustrate how information flows into and out of a system, detailing the processes, data stores, and external entities involved. DFDs can be categorized into logical and physical types, with logical focusing on system processes and physical on actual data flow implementation. Levelled DFDs provide varying levels of detail, from context diagrams to detailed representations of processes.

Uploaded by

MishtuDeep
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Flow Diagrams

Introduction

Data Flow Diagrams describe


• how information is used to produce the
functions that are required by the current system
• what information is provided to the system and
what information is provided from the system
• who is using the system
• what data will be stored
• the boundaries of the system to be built
Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)
• DFDs describe the flow of data or information
into and out of a system
– what does the system do to the data?
• A DFD is a graphic representation of the flow
of data or information through a system
4 Main Elements
• external entity - people or organisations that send
data into the system or receive data from the system
• process - models what happens to the data i.e.
transforms incoming data into outgoing data
• data store - represents permanent data that is used
by the system
• data flow - models the actual flow of the data
between the other elements
Notation
Data Flow
Data Flow

Process Process box

External Entity External


Entity

Data Store D Data Store


Where/who

Process identifier

Process name
Data store identifier Data store
description

Applicant’s name Customer details

Payment
Employee record

3
Levelled DFDs
• Even a small system could have many
processes and data flows
• DFDs could be large and messy
– use levelled DFDs - view system at different levels
of detail
– one overview and many progressively greater
detailed views

4
Context diagram (level
0 DFD)

Box represents whole


system boundary

Level 1 DFD

Level 2 DFD
Level 0 - Context Diagram
• models system as one process box which
represents scope of the system
• identifies external entities and related inputs
and outputs
• additional notation - system box

External Data flow out System box


entity
Data flow in
Level 0 Diagram
• Shows all the processes that comprise the
overall system
• Shows how information moves from and to
each process

Slide 12
Level 1 - overview diagram
• gives overview of full system
• identifies major processes and data flows
between them
• identifies data stores that are used by the
major processes
• boundary of level 1 is the context diagram
Level 1 Diagrams
• Shows all the processes that comprise a single
process on the level 0 diagram
• Shows how information moves from and to each of
these processes
• Shows data stores
• Shows in more detail the content of higher level
process

Slide 15
Level 2 - detailed diagram
• level 1 process is expanded into more detail
• each process in level 1 is decomposed to show
its constituent processes
• boundary of level 2 is the level 1 process
Level 2 Diagrams

• Shows all processes that comprise a single process on


the level 1 diagram
• Shows how information moves from and to each of
these processes
• Level 2 diagrams may not be needed for all level 1
processes
• Correctly numbering each process helps the user
understand where the process fits into the overall
system

Slide 18
Types of DFD

Data Flow Diagrams are either Logical or Physical

Logical DFD - This type of DFD concentrates on the system


process, and flow of data in the system. A logical diagram shows
how the business operates but not how the system will be
constructed. The logical diagram omits details of how the more
physical aspects are implemented.

Physical DFD - This type of DFD shows how the data flow is
actually implemented in the system. Physical model deals with
the way that information is stored, the manual procedures used,
the necessity for temporary data collections etc.
DFD Samples
https://www.visual-paradigm.com/tutorials/data-flow-diagram-example-food-ordering-system.jsp

Level 0 – Food Ordering System


Level 1 – Food Ordering System

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