Safety as Related to Health Practices

The module on “Health & Safety

Programming” specifically deals with the
intricate requirements on how to set up
an organization’s Safety & Health
Program.

It discusses:

 the basic elements of a well-planned, as

well as, well-managed health & safety
program and
 how the various program elements inter-
acts to promote health & safety in the
workplace.
 LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT PLANNED JOB/TASK JOB/TASK
ADMINISTRATION TRAINING INSPECTION ANALYSIS OBSERVATION
& PROCEDURES

PERSONAL ORGANIZATIONAL HIRING & ACCIDENT & ACCIDENT &

COMMUNICATION RULES PLACEMENT INCIDENT INCIDENT
INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS

PURCHSING & EMPLOYEE HEALTH PERSONAL MEASUREMENT

ENGINEERING TRAINING CONTROL & PROTECTIVE AUDIT SYSTEM
CONTROLS SERVICES EQUIPMENT

GROUP GENERAL EMERGENCY RECORDS & OFF-THE-JOB

MEETINGS PROMOTIONS PREPAREDNESS REPORTS SAFETY
Health & Safety Program is a plan or outline
of activities conducted to promote safety
consciousness among management and workers
in workplaces in order to eliminate or minimize
accidents or illnesses.

Health & Safety Program Organization is

the method employed by management to assign
responsibility for accident prevention and to
ensure performances under that responsibility.
 SUPERVISOR MANAGEMENT

Work Instruction & Training

Assumption of
Leadership
Responsibility
Policy

EMPLOYEES
SAFETY
Learn & Use
DIRECTOR
Safe work methods
Adviser
Observe rules Program Coordinator
Promote
Employees Interests &
Cooperation

UNIONS
An effective Health & Safety Program
permits a company to have a working
environment in which operations are
conducted economically, efficiently &
safely.

Only the top management has the

authority to implement controls of the
working environment & of worker’s
actions.
Phase 1 : Show Management Commitment &
Involvement (vision and leadership)

Phase 2 : Establish a Baseline (“as is”)

Phase 3 : Set Goals (“where we should be”)

Phase 4 : Implement Strategies (close gap between

“as is” and “where we should be”)

Phase 5 : Review and Adjust (reach for where we

could be)
1. Communicate a vision
2. Attend meetings & read reports
3. Set performance standards
4. Define roles (responsibilities &
accountabilities)
5. Be an activist
1. Select a TEAM
2. Team selects ISSUES using the basic
elements of the program on Health &
Safety
3. Identify KEY MEASUREMENTS
4. Conduct RESEARCH
5. Analyze RESULTS
6. Communicate FINDINGS
1 Add team members, as necessary
2 Set goals & communicate goals

1 Develop plans & actions

2 Carry out plans & monitor results
3 Acknowledge successes
1 Build on successes
2 Re-examine failures
3 Repeat the process
4 Communicate the process
INADEQUATE: People
Comprehensive Contact w/ Energy or Substance
1 System Environment
SAFETY above the threshold limit of the
Property
2 Standards & HEALTH body or structure Process
3 Compliance PROGRAM

LACK
LACKOF
OF BASIC
BASIC IMMEDIATE
IMMEDIATE ACCIDENT
ACCIDENT LOSS
LOSS
(Result of Accident)
CONTROL
CONTROL CAUSES
CAUSES CAUSES
CAUSES (EVENT)
(EVENT) (Result of Accident)

1 PERSONAL FACTORS 1 UNSAFE CONDITIONS

Inadequate capability Inadequate guards/barriers
Lack of knowledge Inadequate PPE
Defective tools/equipment
Lack of skill BUSINESS
Stress H Congestion
Improper motivation Inadequate warning system Profitability
A Disorder
Growth
2 JOB FACTORS
Z Excessive exposures
Continuity
Inadequate ventilation
Inadequate leadership A Inadequate illumination
Inadequate engineering
Inadequate purchasing
R
2 UNSAFE ACTS
Inadequate maintenance D Failure to warn
Inadequate tools & equipment
Wear & tear
S Failure to obey rules
Failure to follow procedures
Inadequate work standards Removing safety devices
Abuse & misuse Improper lifting
Failure to use PPE Why you
Servicing operating equipment need
Horseplay
LOSS CAUSATION MODEL SAFETY !!!
3 Outlining POLICY & METHODS or
PROCEDURES
 Health & Safety Program is a plan or
outline of activities conducted to promote
safety consciousness among management
and workers in workplaces in order to
eliminate or minimize accidents or illnesses.

 Some form of program is required to enable

management to measure performance
against objectives, and to provide the
framework for employee participation;
orderly arrangements to deal with safety
issues; a mechanism to identify the need for
change and to manage the change process.

 By having a proper, identifiable program,

both the employer & employee are better
placed to meet their respective legal
obligations.
4 POLICY STATEMENT
 An organization’s health & safety policy should be a
clear statement of principles, reflecting management’s
positive attitude and commitment to safety & health/loss
control.
 Senior management must be committed to ensuring that
the policy is carried out with NO exception.
 Health & safety policy must be on PAR with all other
organizational policies.

 The POLICY STATEMENT can be brief, but should

mention:

1 The objectives of the program

2 The organization’s basic health & safety philosophy
3 The general responsibilities of all employees
4 The ways employees can participate in health & safety
activities
5 Stated in clear & concise terms
6 Signed be the incumbent Chief Executive Officer
7 Kept up to date
8 Communicated to each employee
9 Adhered to in all work activities
 Sample:

SAFETY POLICY
5 Studying of Plant’s ACCIDENT HISTORY &
OPERATION

 A study of the plant’s operation & accident history is

conducted as the basis for the preparation of a
health & safety program.

6 Detailed Study of ACCIDENT STATISTICS

 Evaluate the effects on the internal & external set up

of the plant
 Was there an increase in production at lesser cost?
 How did the frequency rate (FR) & severity rate (SR)
compare with last year? 2 years ago? (periodic
comparison)
 Were the employee’s morale boosted?
 Did you have better public relation?
7 Preparation of HEALTH & SAFETY PROGRAM

 Prepare the safety program built around the basic

program elements and continuous improvement
model outlining the details such as targets, monitoring
systems, awards, appraisal factors, etc. and
implement the program.
8 Involvement of the DIFFERENT
DEPARTMENTS – in the case of large
establishments

 MEDICAL Department

1 Conducts pre-employment physical

examination:

 For proper physical check-up of workers, and

 For proper placement of workers

2 Conducts periodic physical examination of

workers exposed to harmful or toxic substances.
3 Arrange surveys of new operations or processes
to know what exposures are detrimental to
health that may be present.
4 Establish a system assigning injured workers on
the kind of job they can handle in spite of their
condition.
 PERSONNEL Department

1 Keep records of lost time, accidents and

sickness arising from work; collaborates with
medical & safety department relative to the
placement of the employees on the job
2 Arranges necessary cooperation & assistance in
rehabilitation of injured employees; and
3 Establishes cross-file controls to prevent unfit
employees to work on job not approved for
them.

 ENGINEERING Department

1 Expedites safety work request, particularly

referring to correction of critical hazards.
2 Consults with the safety department before any
new operation is started or new installations or
changes to existing buildings, processes,
operations of equipment are put up.
 PURCHASING Department

1 Coordinates with the safety department on all

purchases of equipment, tools, materials, and
personal protective equipments (PPE).
2 Requisitions for hazardous substances &
materials should be referred to safety
department for proper investigation & clearance.
 Continuous improvement is a
process-oriented business
approach that emphasizes the
contributions people make to long-
range, permanent solutions to
problems.

 It is the cornerstone of Total

Quality Management (TQM).
 LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT PLANNED JOB/TASK JOB/TASK
ADMINISTRATION TRAINING INSPECTION ANALYSIS OBSERVATION
& PROCEDURES

PERSONAL ORGANIZATIONAL HIRING & ACCIDENT & ACCIDENT &

COMMUNICATION RULES PLACEMENT INCIDENT INCIDENT
INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS

PURCHSING & EMPLOYEE HEALTH PERSONAL MEASUREMENT

ENGINEERING TRAINING CONTROL & PROTECTIVE AUDIT SYSTEM
CONTROLS SERVICES EQUIPMENT

GROUP GENERAL EMERGENCY RECORDS & OFF-THE-JOB

MEETINGS PROMOTIONS PREPAREDNESS REPORTS SAFETY
• Illumination Level for office areas: 1000 LUX
• Report requirements by BWC:
1. Registration of Business.
2. Report of Work-related Accidents.
3. Annual Report of Health & Safety Organization.
4. Quarterly Report of Safety & Health Program & Minutes of
Health & Safety Committee Meetings.
5. Annual Work Accident/Illness Exposure Data Report.
6. Annual Medical Report.
• Types of Workplaces:
1. HAZARDOUS
2. HIGHLY HAZARDOUS
3. NON–HAZARDOUS
• Types of Inspections:
1. Planned Inspections
2. Unplanned Inspections