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Deforestation Final PPT Ready

Deforestation is the intentional clearing of forested land for agriculture, logging, and other uses, significantly altering global landscapes and contributing to climate change. The document highlights the causes of deforestation, including agriculture and climate change, as well as its detrimental effects on biodiversity, soil erosion, and the water cycle. It also discusses potential solutions such as eco-forestry, community forestry, reforestation, and the need for stricter laws and regulations to combat deforestation.

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Mahim Sharon Paul
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25 views31 pages

Deforestation Final PPT Ready

Deforestation is the intentional clearing of forested land for agriculture, logging, and other uses, significantly altering global landscapes and contributing to climate change. The document highlights the causes of deforestation, including agriculture and climate change, as well as its detrimental effects on biodiversity, soil erosion, and the water cycle. It also discusses potential solutions such as eco-forestry, community forestry, reforestation, and the need for stricter laws and regulations to combat deforestation.

Uploaded by

Mahim Sharon Paul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEFORESTATION

Mahim Sharon
Paul
&
Dennis Kujur
Much of Earth’s farmland
was once forest !
Throughout history and into modern times, forests have been
razed to make space for agriculture and animal grazing, and to
obtain wood for fuel, manufacturing, and construction.
W h at i s D efo re stati o n ?
• Deforestation is the purposeful clearing of forested land.
• The Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO] of the
United Nations defines deforestation as the conversion of
forest to other land uses (regardless of whether it is
human-induced).
• Deforestation has greatly altered landscapes around the
world.

• About 2,000 years ago, 80% of Western Europe was


forested; today just 34 % is left.

• In, Half the forests in the eastern part of North America


were cut down from the 1600s to the 1870s for timber
and agriculture.

• China has lost great expanses of its forests over the past
4,000 years and now just over 20 % of it is forested.
FAO data from 2015 shows that India contains 70.7Mha of forest,
with primary forest occupying 4.8% of the country.
• Naturally Regenerated Forest 43 Mha
• Primary Forest 15.7 Mha
• Planted Forest 12 Mha

In terms of forest cover as percentage of total geographical area, the


top five States are:
• Mizoram (84.53%)
• Arunachal Pradesh (79.33%)
• Meghalaya (76.00%)
• Manipur (74.34%)
• Nagaland (73.90%)
17 states/UT's have above 33% of the geographical area under forest
cover.
Haryana (6.79 %) and Punjab (6.87 %) have the lowest forest cover in
the country.
(Forest Survey Report 2021)
Forest
Cover
Rank States (in sq.
km.)
1 Madhya Pradesh 77,482
2 Arunachal Pradesh 66,688
3 Chattisgarh 55,611
4 Odisha 51,619
5 Maharashtra 50,778
6 Karnataka 38,575
7 Andhra Pradesh 29,137
8 Assam 28, 327
9 Tamil Nadu 26,364
10 Uttarakhand 24,303
In 2010, India had 31.3 Mha of natural forest,
extending over 11% of its land area.

In 2021, it lost 127 kha of natural forest,


equivalent to 64.6 Mt of CO₂ emissions !!!
(GLOBAL FOREST WATCH)
WHY does it
happen?
Today, the greatest amount of deforestation is occurring in tropical
rainforests, and also in the mountains, aided by extensive road construction
into regions that were once almost inaccessible.

Building or upgrading roads into forests makes them


more accessible for exploitation.
According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) Secretariat, the overwhelming direct cause of deforestation is
Agriculture.

• Subsistence farming is responsible for 48% of deforestation;

• Commercial agriculture is responsible for 32%

• Logging is responsible for 14%; and

• Fuel wood removals make up 5%.


Slash-and-burn agriculture is a big contributor to deforestation in the
tropics.
Farmers burn large swaths of forest, allowing the ash to fertilize the
land for crops. The land is only fertile for a few years, after which the
farmers move on to repeat the process elsewhere.
Tropical forests are also cleared to
make way for logging, cattle
ranching, as well as oil palm and
rubber tree plantations.
Another cause of deforestation is climate
change. Up to 23% Tree cover losses result
from wildfires and climate change.
Other causes of contemporary deforestation may
include:
• corruption of government institutions
• inequitable distribution of wealth and power
• overpopulation
• urbanization
WHY does it
MATTER?
Deforestation is on going and is shaping climate and geography.
Deforestation is a contributor to global warming, and is often cited
as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect.
Let’s consider this:
 Trees take in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis, and
carbon is locked chemically in their wood.
 When trees are burned, this carbon returns to the atmosphere as
carbon dioxide.
 Thus, with fewer trees around to take in the carbon dioxide, this
greenhouse gas accumulates in the atmosphere and accelerates
global warming.

Tropical deforestation is responsible for approximately 20% of world


greenhouse gas emissions (UNEP)
More immediately, the loss of trees from a forest can leave soil more prone
to erosion. This causes the remaining plants to become more vulnerable to
fire as the forest shifts from being a closed, moist environment to an open,
dry one.
o The water cycle is also affected by deforestation.
o Trees extract groundwater through their roots and release it into the
atmosphere. When part of a forest is removed, the trees no longer transpire
this water, resulting in a much drier climate.
o The dry soil leads to lower water intake for the trees to extract.
o This reduces soil cohesion, so that erosion, flooding and landslides happen.
Deforestation also threatens the
world’s biodiversity. Tropical forests are
home to great numbers of animal and
plant species. When forests are logged
or burned, it can drive many of those
species into extinction.
Some scientists say we are already in
the midst of a mass-extinction episode.
WHAT can we DO?
Green Business
Green business concerns focus on re-using items, reducing the
use of artificial items, and recycling more items. Paper, plastics,
and wood are linked to the destruction of forests and other
natural resources.

Eco-forestry
Only cautiously selected trees are felled and transported with
the least possible damage to the area in an environmentally
friendly manner. Also, eco-forestry not only calls for the
preservation of the forest regions ecosystem but also allows
for controlled and green timber extraction.
GREEN BUSSINESS
Law and Regulations
Stopping deforestation requires laws and regulation at
governmental and organizational levels. Laws on timber,
wood fuel, farming, and land use among other forest
resources must be advanced and enforced to limit
deforestation.

Community Forestry
Schools, corporate, universities, hospitals, local government
headquarters etc. can start localized tree planting programs
and management of their local forests. On various occasions
such as public holidays, opening ceremonies, environment
days, or other periodic localized activities, concerned local
citizens can create awareness and plant trees.
COMMUNITY FORESTRY

Click to add text


Reforestation
Reforestation is the restoration or replanting of forests that have
been reduced by fire or felling. It requires an ongoing process
and should not be viewed as a onetime thing.

Sensitization Campaigns
Initiating awareness creation campaigns makes it easy for
people to detect the causes, effects, and ways of counteracting
deforestation. Personal experiences from adversely affected
communities such as farmers can be used to emphasize the
negative effects of deforestation.
REFORESTATION
Joint Organizations
Conservation, wildlife, rainforest, and nature protection
agencies among other environmental programs can join
together with a common goal of preserving, restoring, and
protecting forests to ensure permanence of the world’s
natural resources.

Land Use Planning


Cities grow day after day as more and more people move to
urban areas. Agricultural practices also continue to expand.
Creation of proper land use planning techniques can offer the
fastest and the most feasible solution to deforestation.
k Yo u
Th an

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