Dr.

AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Outer Ring Road, Mallathahalli, Bangaluru-560056 Karnataka, India

Building Materials and

Construction(22CVT301)

Presented By
Kavya M
Assistant professor Madhusudhan .G
SUPRITHA.R.M Manoj kumar C K
 Artificial
Intelligence
In
Civil Engineering
 CONTENT
• WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.
• HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.
• ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING.
• AI IN CONSTRUCTION.
• AI IN TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT.
• AI IN DRONE SURVEYING.
• AI IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING.
• AI IN BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING.
• AI IN STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING.
• CASE STUDY – 1.
• CASE STUDY – 2.
• CASE STUDY – 3.
 AI = Artificial Intelligence

(Human made) (Ability to Understand, Think and learn)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence by machines.

It enables systems to perform tasks like learning, reasoning, problem-solving,
understanding language, and perception, typically requiring human
intelligence. Examples include chatbots, voice assistants, and
recommendation systems.
ARTFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Construction Smart Cities

Design Predictive
Managemen and Urban
Optimization Maintenance
t Planning

Material Disaster Environmental

Innovation Resilience Impact
 Artificial Intelligence in construction
 Smart Construction Equipment's

Smart Excavator

Equipped with a front-facing

stereo cameras.
Can be operated remotely.
A human can sit inside a
controlled environment and
operate the machine from a
Distance.
Will help cut costs as well as
speed up the infrastructure
Projects.
 Artificial Intelligence in construction
 Concrete Mix Design

Optimal Proportioning of
Concrete Mixes.

Prediction of Concrete
Properties.

Quality Control and Quality

Assurance.

Concrete Strength Prediction

and Optimization.

Durability Assessment
and Enhancement.
AI IN TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
 The Bengaluru Traffic Police have introduced BATCS
to manage traffic using AI technology
The Bengaluru Adaptive Traffic Control System (BATCS) is an AI-powered traffic signal system
that the Bengaluru Traffic Police began deploying in May 2024
How it works
• BATCS uses camera sensors to monitor real-time traffic conditions and adjust signal timings to improve traffic flow
Benefits
• BATCS can reduce travel times by up to 33% at key junctions. It also creates "green waves" by synchronizing
signals along major traffic corridors, allowing vehicles to pass through multiple junctions without stopping.
Features
• BATCS can prioritize emergency vehicles and may be integrated with pedestrian and public transport needs in the
future.
Progress
• As of October 2024, the system has improved 60 junctions and is on track to upgrade and install 165 signals by
January 2025.
Impact
• BATCS has already shown improvements in traffic flow and travel times on several road sections, including KR
Road, Hudson Circle, and Jayanagar.
AI SIGNALLING SYSTEM AT THE NATIONAL
COLLEGE JUCTION AT BASAVANAGUDI
 AI IN DRONE SURVEYING
improve the accuracy and efficiency of data processing and analysis. AI can help with a variety of tasks,
including:

• Data processing: AI can quickly and accurately process large amounts of data, which can help with tasks like
cross-checking positional data and creating accurate images.
• Anomaly detection: AI can help identify anomalies in data, such as equipment malfunctions or environmental
hazards.
• Predictive maintenance: AI can help with predictive maintenance, which can help reduce costs and improve
efficiency.
• Resource extraction: AI can help optimize resource extraction and reduce waste.
• Volumetric reporting: AI can help streamline the volumetric reporting process, including automatically detecting
stockpile boundaries.
• 3D mapping: AI can help generate 3D models and digital terrain models.
AI IN AGRICULTURE
 AI IN AGRICULTURE
Artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture uses machine learning and computer data to help farmers make
more informed decisions. AI can help with many aspects of farming, including:
Crop health:
•AI can monitor crops in real time using satellite imagery and drones to detect signs of disease, pests, or
stress.
•Soil health: AI can analyze data from sensors, soil samples, and historical data to optimize nutrient
levels and inform decisions about fertilization and crop rotation.

•Irrigation: AI can use data like soil moisture, weather forecasts, and crop water requirements to
determine optimal watering schedules.

•Livestock health: AI can use computer vision and overhead cameras to monitor cattle health and
behavior in real time.

•Pest and disease detection: AI can help farmers detect pests and diseases early, allowing for targeted
pesticide use.

•Weed control: AI can help with automated weeding.

•Harvesting, plowing, and pruning: AI can help with these tasks.
•Produce grading and sorting: AI can help with these tasks.
 It is a process in which 3D laser scanning or
photogrammetry is used to capture the physical
characteristics of an existing structure or site and
Scan to BIM convert it into a detailed, digital 3D model. This
model can be used for various applications in
Reverse Engineering architecture, construction, and facility management,
providing a highly accurate and up-to-date digital
representation of a building or infrastructure.
 Why scan to BIM.
 The Original design documentation has been lost or never existed.

Process of Scan to BIM

Data Capture : The process starts with laser scanning or photogrammetry to capture
precise, point-cloud data of the structure. Laser scanners emit beams of light and
measure the time it takes for them to reflect, producing millions of data points that
map the surface.
Point Cloud Creation : This captured data forms a "point cloud," which is a collection
of points in 3D space representing the structure's geometry in detail.
•Conversion to 3D Model : The
point cloud is imported into BIM
software like Autodesk Revit or
ArchiCAD, where it is used as a
reference to create an accurate 3D
model. The model includes
architectural, structural, and
sometimes even mechanical,
electrical, and plumbing (MEP)
details.
Advantages of Scan to BIM

Accuracy and Detail: Laser scans capture detailed, millimeter-accurate

information, making it possible to detect and document every minor
detail and defect.
Time Savings: Traditional measurement methods can be time-
consuming. Laser scanning reduces the time needed to gather data
significantly, especially in complex or large sites.

Reduced Errors and Rework: Accurate as-built models reduce the

likelihood of errors in design or construction, saving time and costs on
potential rework.
Improved Collaboration: The Scan to BIM model can be shared across
different teams, helping architects, engineers, and contractors
collaborate more effectively using the same data.
 Applications in India

In India, Scan to BIM has been used in both heritage conservation and modern
infrastructure projects.

Heritage Buildings: For digital preservation and renovation of historical

monuments such as the Taj Mahal and Jama Masjid, Scan to BIM helps with
detailed mapping and restoration planning.

Smart Cities and Infrastructure Projects : Scan to BIM is used in creating

digital twins of existing infrastructure to aid in urban planning and maintenance
in India's smart city initiatives.
 It is a technology-driven process used to assess
and monitor the condition of structures like
bridges, buildings, dams, tunnels, and other
Structural infrastructure over time. It involves installing
various sensors and data acquisition systems on
Health a structure to continuously collect data on
Monitoring parameters such as stress, strain,
temperature, displacement, and vibration.
The data is analyzed in real-time or periodically
to detect any changes, damages, or weaknesses
in the structure that could compromise its
integrity.
 Bridges: Monitoring load,
Applications of SHM: displacement, and vibrations to
detect signs of stress or
cracking.
 Buildings: Ensuring that

Applications of SHM: buildings can withstand

earthquakes, wind, or other
environmental stress.
Key Goals of Structural Health
Monitoring
Sensors and Instrumentation: Various sensors (such as strain gauges, accelerometers,
displacement sensors, and temperature sensors) are installed on the structure to continuously
measure physical parameters.

Data Collection and Analysis: The data collected from sensors are processed using algorithms
to identify patterns or anomalies that could indicate damage or wear.

Damage Detection and Assessment: Advanced algorithms and machine learning models
analyze data to detect early signs of deterioration, such as cracks, corrosion, or fatigue.

Decision-Making: Based on the analysis, decisions are made about maintenance, repair, or
continued operation. SHM systems can alert operators to issues that need immediate attention
or predict when future repairs will be needed.
 •Improved Safety: By detecting structural issues
early, SHM helps prevent failures.

Benefit •Cost Savings: Predictive maintenance helps

s: reduce maintenance costs by preventing
unnecessary repairs and minimizing downtime.

•Extended Lifespan: SHM systems can provide

data to support life extension programs for aging
infrastructure.
CASE STUDY-1
India's first 3D-
printed post offi ce
in Bengaluru
India's first 3D-printed post office in Bengaluru
Here are some details about India's first 3D-printed post office in Bengaluru:

• Location: Cambridge Layout in Ulsoor, Bengaluru.

• Construction: Built by Larsen and Toubro with technical guidance from IIT Madras.
• Size: 1,021 square feet.
• Cost: Estimated to cost 30-40% less than conventional construction,
around Rs 23 lakh.
• Construction time: Completed in 43 days, two days ahead of schedule.
• Technology: Used 3D Concrete Printing Technology and a robotic arm extruder.
• Features: The post office is the first commercial building in India to use 3D printing

technology.
• Inauguration: Inaugurated on August 18 by Ashwini Vaishnav, Union Minister for
Railways, Communications and Electronics & Information Technology.
• Benefits: 3D printing technology can save time and money, and can be used to
create unique designs.
3D printing technology can be used to build structures layer by layer using
quick-setting materials. It can be a cost-effective and efficient way to construct
buildings, but there are some challenges to overcome:
• Cost of raw materials
Many concrete mixes used for 3D printing are high in cement, which can be
expensive.
Sustainability.
Researchers are working on ways to reduce the environmental impact of 3D
printing.
Standards.
Standards for 3D printing construction need to evolve before it can become
more widely used.
 Case Study 2
Scan to BIM for the Restoration and Digital Preservation of the Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal.
•The Taj Mahal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the
most famous monuments in the world. Built in the 17th century,
this architectural marvel has faced various environmental
challenges over the years, including pollution, structural wear,
and weathering. To preserve and maintain its beauty, the
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) initiated a project to create
a digital record of the Taj Mahal using advanced 3D scanning
and BIM technology.
 Objective
•Heritage preservation and management.

•Virtual tourism.

•Monitoring structural health and identifying potential issues .

•Facilitating restoration efforts with precise geometrical data.

 Methodology
Data Collection with 3D Laser Scanning

A team of experts used high-precision 3D laser scanners to

capture millions of data points, creating a detailed point cloud
of the Taj Mahal’s exterior and interior.

The laser scanning process was done during off-hours to avoid

disruptions, ensuring that no part of the structure was missed.
 •Structural Analysis: Analyzing stress
points and the impact of
environmental factors like air
Analysis and pollution, acid rain, and groundwater
movement.
Applications •Restoration Planning: Creating
detailed drawings for conservation

•Virtual Accessibility:
• Generating immersive VR or AR
experiences for educational and
tourism purposes.
 •Digital Documentation of
Heritage:
• A permanent, sharable record of
one of the world's most iconic
monuments.

•Enhanced Decision-Making:
• Restoration and maintenance
Key teams have precise data to address
structural issues proactively.
Achievements
•Tourism Innovation:
• Virtual models open avenues for
remote exploration.

•Preservation for Posterity:

• The digital twin ensures the Taj
Mahal's legacy is preserved even in
the face of potential degradation.
 • The Taj Mahal Scan-to-BIM project
demonstrates the transformative
Conclusion role of modern technology in
heritage conservation.

• It highlights how digital tools can

bridge the gap between the past
and the future.
 •This project’s success has inspired similar Scan to BIM
Implications for initiatives across India, such as those for the Qutub
Future Projects in Minar, Hampi Temples, and Jaipur’s Amber Fort. By
embracing these technologies, India is paving the way for
India sustainable conservation of its vast cultural heritage.
Case Study. 3

The Signature Bridge in Delhi

The Signature Bridge in Delhi,

inaugurated in 2018, is an iconic
infrastructure project connecting
Wazirabad in North Delhi to East
Delhi. It serves as a notable
example of Structural Health
Monitoring (SHM) in India, where
SHM technology was
implemented to ensure the
bridge's safety, durability, and
longevity. Here’s an overview of
the SHM case study for the
Signature Bridge.
PURPOSE

Its Structural Health Monitoring

(SHM) system is a sophisticated
setup designed to ensure the
safety, reliability, and longevity of
the bridge. The system
incorporates 111 sensors
connected through 170 data
channels, enabling continuous
monitoring of various parameters,
such as environmental conditions,
structural loads, and seismic
activity.
 SHM System Components
•Strain Gauges: These sensors measure strain on different sections of the bridge,
including cables, deck segments, and support pylons, to monitor stress and
deformation levels.

•Accelerometers: Installed to capture vibrations and dynamic responses from

traffic loads, environmental factors (e.g., wind), and seismic events.

•Displacement Sensors: Measure minute shifts or movements in the bridge

structure to detect alignment issues or potential settlement problems.

•Temperature Sensors: Monitor temperature variations, which can cause

expansion and contraction, affecting the bridge’s structural elements.

•Wind Load Monitoring: Anemometers are used to gauge wind speed and
direction, helping assess the effects of wind loads on the structure.
 Key Benefits

•Enhanced Safety: Continuous monitoring increases safety for daily

commuters, ensuring that any issues are promptly addressed.

•Extended Lifespan: By using SHM data to optimize maintenance schedules, the

bridge’s lifespan is prolonged.

•Cost Savings: Predictive maintenance reduces repair costs and prevents

costly, unexpected breakdowns.

•Disaster Preparedness: The SHM system helps assess the bridge’s behavior
under different stress conditions, such as earthquakes and heavy winds.
 OUTCOME
The SHM system on the Signature Bridge serves as a
model for implementing monitoring systems in other Indian
infrastructure projects. With SHM technology, the bridge has
improved resilience, allowing for informed decision-making
on maintenance and safety. This case demonstrates the
importance of SHM in maintaining large, critical
infrastructure within challenging environments.
THANK YOU