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Pre Calculus Week 1.2 Parabola

This document provides an overview of parabolas, including their definition, properties, and equations. It outlines the specific objectives for understanding parabolas, their applications in real-world structures, and key elements such as the vertex, focus, and directrix. Additionally, it includes examples and exercises for determining various characteristics of parabolas.

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5 views31 pages

Pre Calculus Week 1.2 Parabola

This document provides an overview of parabolas, including their definition, properties, and equations. It outlines the specific objectives for understanding parabolas, their applications in real-world structures, and key elements such as the vertex, focus, and directrix. Additionally, it includes examples and exercises for determining various characteristics of parabolas.

Uploaded by

goldenderpyt
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRE-

CALCULUS

Unit 1 – ANALYTIC GEOMETRY


PRE-
CALCULUS
LESSON 1.2
PARABOLA
Specific
objectives:
In this lesson, you should be able to do the following:
● Define a parabola.
● Identify the parts and properties of a parabola.
● Write the equation of a parabola.
● Transform the standard form of equation of a
parabola into its general form and vice versa.
Do you know how a satellite dish works?

A satellite dish is designed to collect or transmit


signals from the satellite that focuses on the
receiver.
A property of parabolas that is
useful in applications is the
reflecting property: If a
reflecting surface has parabolic
cross sections with a common
focus, then all light rays
entering the surface parallel to
the axis will be reflected through
the focus.
APPLICATIONS

The shape of the suspension


cables of the Golden Gate Bridge
in San Francisco.
APPLICATIONS

Parabolic arches and domes


of L’Oceanografic in Spain
APPLICATIONS

The Scotiabank
Saddledome in Canada.
PARABOLA
DEFINITION:
A parabola is the
conic section whose
eccentricity e = 1. This
means the parabola is the set
of all points P(x,y) in the
plane at an equal distance
from a fixed point called the
FOCUS (F), and a fixed line
PARTS OF PARABOLA
Axis of Symmetry.

The line that


passes through
the focus and is
perpendicular to
the directrix D.
Vertex

The axis of
symmetry
intersects the
parabola at a
point.
Latus Rectum
is a line segment
that passes
through the
focus, parallel to
its directrix, and
with its
endpoints on the
parabola.
Latus Rectum
is a line segment
that passes
through the
focus, parallel to
its directrix, and
with its
endpoints on the
parabola.
KEY
ELEMENTS:
STANDARD FORM OF THE
EQUATION OF A PARABOLA
WITH VERTEX AT (0,0)
Parabola opens: Upward
Vertex: (0,0)
Focus: (0,p) 2p 2p

Directrix: y = -p F(0,p)
Axis of symmetry: x = 0 p

Length of Latus rectum: 4p V(0,0)


p

𝑦 =− 𝑝
𝑦 =𝑝
Parabola opens: downward
p
Vertex: (0,0) V(0,0)

Focus: (0,-p) p
Directrix: y = p F(0,-p)

Axis of symmetry: x = 0 2p 2p

Length of Latus rectum: 4p


𝑥=−𝑝
Parabola opens: to the right
Vertex: (0,0) 2p

Focus: (p,0) V(0,0) F(p,0)


Directrix: x = -p p p
Axis of symmetry: y = 0 2p

Length of Latus rectum: 4p


Parabola opens: to the left
Vertex: (0,0) 2p

Focus: (-p,0) F(-p,0) V(0,0)

Directrix: x = p p p
Axis of symmetry: y = 0 2p

Length of Latus rectum: 4p 𝑥=𝑝


EXAMPLE
S:
Determine the focus and directrix of the parabola with the
given equation. Sketch the graph, and indicate the focus, directrix,
vertex and axis of symmetry.
SEATWORK:
Determine the focus and directrix of the parabola with the
given equation. Sketch the graph, and indicate the focus, directrix,
vertex and axis of symmetry.
STANDARD FORM OF THE
EQUATION OF A PARABOLA
WITH VERTEX AT (h,k)
𝑥 =h

Parabola opens: upward


Vertex: (h,k) 2a 2a

Focus: (h,k+p) p F(h,k+p)

Directrix: y = k - p
V(h,k)
p
𝑦 =𝑘 −𝑝
Axis of symmetry: x = h
Length of Latus rectum: 4p
𝑥 =h
𝑦 =𝑘+𝑝
p V(h,k)
p

Parabola opens: downward


F(h,k-p)

Vertex: (h,k)
Focus: (h,k-p)
Directrix: y = k + p
Axis of symmetry: x = h
Length of Latus rectum: 4p
Parabola opens: to the right
Vertex: (h,k) p
V(h,k) F(h+p,k)
𝑦 =𝑘
Focus: (h+p,k) p

Directrix: x = h - p
Axis of symmetry: y = k
Length of Latus rectum: 4p
𝑥=h − 𝑝
𝑥=h+ 𝑝

Parabola opens: to the left


Vertex: (h,k) p
F(h-p,k)
Focus: (h-p,k) 𝑦 =𝑘
V(h,k)

Directrix: x = h + p
p

Axis of symmetry: y = k
Length of Latus rectum: 4p
EXAMPLE S:

Determine the Vertex, Focal distance, opening,Focus,


Endpoints of Latus Rectum, Length of Latus Rectum, Axis of
Symmetry, and Intercepts, of the parabola with the given equation.
Sketch the graph, and indicate the focus, directrix, vertex and
axis of symmetry.
GENERAL FORM OF PARABOLA

If

PARABOLA opens to the right/left

If

PARABOLA opens upward/downward


EXAMPLES:
Determine the parabola's vertex, focus,
directrix, and axis of symmetry with the given
equation. Sketch the parabola and include
these points and lines.
THANK
YOU
May GOD bless you
always!

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