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GenMath Module 2 Eme

The document provides an overview of rational functions, including definitions of polynomials and rational functions, as well as methods for finding their domains and ranges. It explains how to solve rational equations and inequalities using the CRAM method and cross-multiplication. Additionally, it introduces interval notation and number lines for representing inequalities.

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13 views25 pages

GenMath Module 2 Eme

The document provides an overview of rational functions, including definitions of polynomials and rational functions, as well as methods for finding their domains and ranges. It explains how to solve rational equations and inequalities using the CRAM method and cross-multiplication. Additionally, it introduces interval notation and number lines for representing inequalities.

Uploaded by

Leron Jayvee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General Mathematics

3 Rational
Functions

Prepared by:
ACTS Computer College | Sta. Cruz, Laguna MR. NIÑO JOSEPH C. VALENZUELA
POLYNOMIAL
Polynomial comes from poly- (meaning "many") and -
nomial (in this case meaning "term") ... so it says "many
terms"
Polynomial NOT Polynomial Reason

Polynomials only have


variables in the numerator

Polynomials only have


variables in the numerator

Variables under a root are


+7 not allowed in
polynomials
Rational Functions
Given two polynomial functions P and Q, the function
defined by
P( x)
f ( x) 
Q( x)

is a rational function. The domain of any rational


function is the set of all real numbers except the zeros
of the denominator.
Tell whether each of the following functions is
a rational function.
a. Rational function
b.
c.
Not rational function
d.
e. Not rational function

Rational Function
Domain of a Rational Function

Domain of a function is the set of all values that


the variable x can take.
Let be a function. Domain is all real values of x for
which y is defined. If there is any value of x which y is
undefined, we have to exclude that particular value
from the set of domain.
Domain of a Rational Function
Example 1: Find the domain of the rational function
Solution: In the above rational function, let us equate the denominator to
zero.

In the function , if then the denominator becomes zero and


the value of y becomes undefined. So y is defined for all real
values of x except .
Domain of a Rational Function
Example 2:Find the domain of the rational function .
Solution: Let us equate the denominator to zero.

In the function if
then the denominator becomes zero
Or
and the value of y becomes
undefined. So y is defined for all
real values of x except
use factoring of squares
Range of a Rational
Function

Range of a function is the set of all values that


can take.
Let be a function. Range of the function is same as
domain of the inverse function.
Range of a Rational
Function
Example 1: Find the range of the rational function
Now the function has been defined by x in
Solution: To find the range of , first we have to find the terms of y.
inverse of y.
In , we have to replace x by and y by x,
Redefine x in terms of y. then
.
Now, find the domain of . Let us equate
the denominator to zero.

In the inverse function , if , then the


denominator becomes zero and the value
of becomes undefined. So is defined for
all real values of x except
FIND THE LCD!
and
and

06/28/2025 05:25 AM ACTS Computer College | Sta. Cruz, Laguna 11


Solving Rational
Equations and
Inequalities
Rational Equations
Rational Equations are equations containing
rational terms either in the numerator or
denominator, or in both. The numerator and
denominator contain variables and/or
constants where the denominator cannot be
zero.
Rational Equations
To simplify rational equations, apply the CRAM method:

C- Clear all fractions by multiplying both sides of the equation by the LCD of the terms.

R- Remove all groupings symbols, if there is any.

A- Add or subtract similar terms.

M- Multiply or divide both sides by the numerical coefficient of the variable, leaving
only the variable on the left side of the equation with coefficient equal to 1. Then, check
the result.
Solving Rational
Equations
Example: Solve for x in the equation
You can also apply cross-multiplication to
obtain the same result for x.
Solution: Clear all fractions by
multiplying both sides of the equation
by the LCD of the terms,4x.

2
Solving Rational
Equations
Example 2: Solve for x in the equation
Solution: Clear
To check your answer, simply
replace x with
all fractions by-6 in the given
multiplying both equation,
sides of
. the equationand
by the
thenLCDsimplify.
of the terms,(x+4)(x+2).
Note that both sides
Solution: Use cross multiplication. of the equation should be equal.
Therefore,

Since 2=2 is a true statement, then


-6 is a solution of the given equation.
Solving Rational Equations
Example 3: Find x in the equation . Equate bothboth
Equate factors to 0toand
factors thenthen
0 and solve for x.

Solution:Clear
Useallcross multiplication. solve for x.
Solution: fractions by multiplying both sides of the
equation by the LCD of the terms, -2(2x+3)

Therefore, the values of x are

=0
=0 Therefore, the values of x are
Inequalities, Interval Notation and
Number Line
INEQUALITIES
> greater than ≥ greater than or equal to
< less than ≤ less than or equal to
INTERVAL NOTATION
In "Interval Notation" we just write the beginning and
ending numbers of the interval, and use:
[ ] a square bracket when we want to include the end
value, or
( ) a round bracket when we don't
Inequalities, Interval Notation and
Number Line
NUMBER LINE
With the Number Line we draw a thick line to show the values we are including,
and:
• a filled-in circle when we want to include the end value, or
• an open circle when we don't
Inequalities, Interval Notation and
Number Line
Rational Inequalities
Rational Inequalities are inequalities containing
rational terms either in the numerator or denominator, or
both.
Examples:
, ,,
Solving Rational Inequalities
Example: Solve for the inequality Substitution:

Undefined
The inequality is true for all or . The solution
set is .

4 -3 -2 -1 0
1 2 3 4
WELCOME TO THE NEW QUARTER!

WRITE A REFLECTION PAPER


ABOUT YOUR EXPERIENCE DURING
YOUR FIRST QUARTERLY
EXAMINATION (MINIMUM OF 200
WORDS)

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