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Autoencoder NPTEL Presentation

Autoencoders are neural networks designed to learn efficient codings of input data by reconstructing their own inputs, commonly used for unsupervised learning and dimensionality reduction. They consist of an encoder that compresses the input and a decoder that reconstructs it, with the objective of minimizing reconstruction error. Various types of autoencoders exist, including undercomplete, sparse, and variational autoencoders, and they have applications in tasks such as dimensionality reduction, image denoising, and anomaly detection.

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9 views11 pages

Autoencoder NPTEL Presentation

Autoencoders are neural networks designed to learn efficient codings of input data by reconstructing their own inputs, commonly used for unsupervised learning and dimensionality reduction. They consist of an encoder that compresses the input and a decoder that reconstructs it, with the objective of minimizing reconstruction error. Various types of autoencoders exist, including undercomplete, sparse, and variational autoencoders, and they have applications in tasks such as dimensionality reduction, image denoising, and anomaly detection.

Uploaded by

Durga S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Autoencoders

Based on NPTEL Machine Learning


Course
Presented by: [Your Name]
What is an Autoencoder?
• - Autoencoder is a neural network used to
learn efficient codings of input data.
• - It reconstructs its own input.
• - Commonly used for unsupervised learning
and dimensionality reduction.
Architecture of Autoencoder
• - Input → Encoder → Latent Space → Decoder
→ Output
• - Encoder compresses the input.
• - Decoder reconstructs the input.
• - Objective: Learn compressed representation.
Objective Function
• Minimize reconstruction error:
• L(x, x̂ ) = ||x - x̂ ||²

• Where:
• - x is the input
• - x̂ is the reconstructed output
• - Loss: Mean Squared Error (MSE)
Types of Autoencoders
• - Undercomplete Autoencoder
• - Sparse Autoencoder
• - Denoising Autoencoder
• - Variational Autoencoder (VAE)
• - Convolutional Autoencoder
Applications of Autoencoders
• - Dimensionality Reduction
• - Image Denoising
• - Anomaly Detection
• - Pretraining for Deep Networks
• - Data Generation (VAEs)
Example – Image Denoising
• - Input: Noisy image
• - Autoencoder learns to output clean image
• - Learns to remove noise via reconstruction
Comparison with PCA
• Feature | PCA | Autoencoder
• ----------------------|-------|-------------
• Linear | Yes | Not necessarily
• Interpretability | High | Low
• Complexity | Low | High
• Nonlinear capability | No | Yes
Advanced Topic – VAEs
• - VAEs learn a distribution over latent space.
• - Enable data generation via sampling.
• - Combine encoding with probabilistic models.
Limitations of Autoencoders
• - May memorize inputs if over-parameterized
• - Sensitive to hyperparameters
• - Reconstruction may not be meaningful
• - Limited generalization if not trained well
Summary
• - Autoencoders learn to encode and decode
data.
• - Useful in many ML tasks including generation
and compression.
• - Several variants exist to suit different tasks.
• - Based on neural networks, often
unsupervised.

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