system and Network

administration
Capital College
Department of
information Technology
 System Administration(1)
 Systems administration includes computer
systems and the ways people use them in an
organization.
 This entails knowledge of operating systems and
applications, as well as hardware and software
troubleshooting, but also knowledge of the
purposes for which people in the organization use
the computers.

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System Administration (2)
 System administration involves managing
and maintaining a computer system or
network, ensuring its smooth operation and
security.

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System Administrator
 A person specialized in maintaining and
operating a computer system or network
is known as System administrator
(sysAdmin).
SysAdmin, is responsible for maintaining and
setting up computer systems.
They work on hardware, software, and networks to
ensure the IT infrastructure is secure, operational,
and responsive.

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Sysadmin Duties
1. User Management:
 Creating, modifying, and deleting user accounts.
 Managing access control and permissions

based on roles.
2. System Monitoring:
 Regularly monitoring system performance and

resource usage (CPU, memory, disk space,

etc.).
 Setting up alerts for issues such as low disk

space or high CPU usage.

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Sysadmin Duties… cont’d

3. Backup and Recovery:

 Implementing and managing backup solutions to protect data.
 Creating and testing disaster recovery plans to ensure data can be
restored.

4. Software Management:
 Installing, configuring, and updating software applications.
 Ensuring compatibility and performance of software on servers.

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SysAdmin Duties… cont’d
5. Network Management:
 Configuring and maintaining network devices such
as routers, switches, and firewalls.
 Monitoring network traffic and addressing any

connectivity issues
6. Security Management:
 Implementing security measures, including firewalls,

antivirus, and intrusion detection systems.

 Regularly applying security patches and updates to

systems and software.

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SysAdmin Duties… cont’d
7. Documentation:
 Keeping documentation up-to-date for systems, processes, and
procedures.
 Creating user guides and operational handbooks.
8. Troubleshooting:
 Diagnosing and resolving hardware and software issues.
 Providing technical support to users and addressing their
problems.

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SysAdmin Duties… cont’d
9. Performance Tuning:
 Analyzing system performance and implementing

optimizations.
 Conducting regular maintenance tasks, such as disk

cleanup and defragmentation.

10. Automation:
 Utilizing scripts and automation tools to streamline

repetitive tasks.
 Implementing configuration management tools like

Ansible, Puppet, or Chef.

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Activity 1
 Explain fundamental skills required of
sysAdmin?
 Compare and contrast SysAdmin and
NetAdmin

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 Administration Challenges
 System administration needs:
 Broad knowledge of hardware and software
 To balance conflicting requirements
 Short-term vs. long-term needs
 End-user vs. organizational requirements
 Service provider vs. police model
 To work well and efficiently under pressure
 Availability
 Flexibility, tolerance, and patience
 Good communication skills

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Specializations Of System Administration
1. Database Administration
 Maintaining a database system, and insuring the integrity of
the data and the efficiency and performance of the system.

 A person who is responsible for the environmental aspects

of a database is called a database administrator (DBA)
 The duties of a database administrator vary and depend on the
job description, corporate and Information Technology (IT) policies
and the technical features and capabilities of the DBMS being
administered.

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Database Administration… Cont’d
 They nearly always include disaster recovery (backups and testing of
backups), performance analysis and tuning, and some database design.
 Some of the roles of the DBA may include:
installation of new database related software,
configuration of hardware and software with the
system administrator, security administration, data
analysis, database design and data modeling and
optimization.

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 Specializations Of System Administration
… Cont’d
2. Network administration (1)
 A network administrator maintains network

infrastructure such as switches and routers, and

diagnoses problems with these or with the behavior of
network-attached computers.
 A person who is involved in computer network and that carry out network
administration is known as network administrator (or network specialist
or network analyst).
 Network administration normally includes
 the deployment, configuration, maintenance and monitoring of active
network gear: switches, routers, firewalls, etc.

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 Specializations Of System
Administration … Cont’d
2. Network administration (2)
Network administration, often referred to as
"NetAdmin," involves managing and
maintaining a network's hardware and
software infrastructure.
This role is essential for ensuring
 the reliability, performance, and security of the
network.

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Activity 2
 Discuss Key Responsibilities Network Administrator.
 How network administration is so important?

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Specializations Of System
Administration … Cont’d
2. Network administration (3)
 Network administration commonly includes activities such as
network address assignment, assignment of routing protocols
and routing table configuration as well as configuration of
authentication and authorization.
 It often includes maintenance of network facilities in individual

machines, such as drivers and settings of personal computers as

well as printers and such.
 It sometimes also includes maintenance of certain network

servers: file servers, VPN gateways, intrusion detection systems,

etc.

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Specializations Of System
Administration … Cont’d
2. Network administration (4)
 Network specialists and analysts concentrate on
the network design and security, particularly
troubleshooting and/or debugging network-related
problems.
 Their work can also include the maintenance of

the network's authorization infrastructure, as well

as network backup systems.

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 Specializations Of System
Administration … Cont’d
3. Security Administration
 Security administration needs a person who is

specialist in computer and network security,

including the administration of security devices
such as firewalls, as well as consulting on general
security measures.

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