分离压是薄液膜中由于分子作用力产生的额外的压力[1]。分离压的物理定义为是单位面积吉布斯能关于距离的导数。

分离压的概念最早由Derjaguin引入。在薄膜蒸发中,分离压的概念得到广泛应用。

定义

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分离压可表示为:[2]

 
  • Πd - 分离压, N/m2
  • A - 界面面积, m2
  • G - 吉布斯能, J
  • x - 具体, m
  • T, V and A 表示在求导中,温度,体积和界面面积保持常数.

经典理论(Hamaker theory)可以用来计算薄液膜在平滑表面的分离压,[3]

 

where:

  • AH - Hamaker常数 J
  • δ0 - 薄液膜厚度, m

对于非平滑表面,分离压会受到固体表面, ζS , 和液体表面, ζL 的影响。[4]

 

where:

  • ω(ρ,z) - 固液相互作用势能, J/m6

液体表现形状可以用能量最小原理求出。[5]

 

where:

  • Wtotal - , 系统总能,包括表面能和固液相互作用势能, J/m2
  • ζL - 液体表面形状, m
  • ζ'L - 液体表面斜率, 1

相关

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参考文献

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  1. ^ "Disjoining pressure". Entry in the IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology ("The Gold Book"), the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2nd edition, 1997[永久失效連結]
  2. ^ Hans-Jürgen Butt, Karlheinz Graf, Michael Kappl,"Physics and chemistry of interfaces", John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd., 1 edition, 2003, page 95 (Google books)页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  3. ^ Jacob N. Israelachvili,"Intermolecular and Surface Forces", Academic Press, Revised Third edition, 2011, page 267-268 (Google books)页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  4. ^ Mark O. Robbins, David, Andelman, and Jean-François Joanny, Phys. Rev. A 43, 4344, (1991). [2015-07-14]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-10). 
  5. ^ Han Hu, Christopher R. Weinberger, and Ying Sun Nano Lett., 14 (12), pp 7131–7137 (2014). [2015-07-14]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-10). 
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