List of Yoruba deities
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The Yoruba have a large population in West Africa and broad dispersion through enslavement in the Americas.[1]
The Republic of Benin and Nigeria contain the highest concentrations of Yoruba people and Yoruba faiths in all of Africa. Brazil, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Haiti, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago are the countries in the Americas where Yoruba cultural influences are the most noticeable, particularly in popular religions like Vodon, Santéria, Camdomblé, and Macumba. (In 1989, it was believed that more than 70 million individuals in Africa and the New World participated in Yoruba religion in one way or another.)[2] The most prevalent West African religions, both in Africa and the Americas, are often those of the Yoruba people or those that were influenced by them. These West African religions also have intricate theologies. For instance, the Yoruba are thought to have a pantheon of up to 6,000 deities.[3]
The following is a list of Yoruba orisha (òrìṣà), or deities.
List of orisha
[edit]| Name | Deity Of | Ethnic Group | Religion | Member Of | Homeland |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agemo | Chameleon, Servant | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Aganju | Volcanoes, Wilderness, Desert, Fire | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Ajaka | Peaceful, Love, Equality | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Aja | Wild, Herb, Plant, Leaf | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Aje | Wealth, Property, Prosperity, Fortune, Success | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Akògún | Warrior, Hunter,Wear Straw | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Ayangalu | Drummer, Gángan | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Alaafia | Peace, Humble, Patience | Yoruba People | [Yoruba Religion] | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Ara Ara | Weather, Storm, Thunder | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Ayelala | Punishes Crime | Yoruba People (Part) | Yoruba Religion (Part) | Orisha | Yorubaland (Part) |
| Aroni | Beauty Of Nature, Spirit Of The Forest, Herb, Plant, Tree | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Arun | Diseases, Affliction | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Aye | Passion, Environmentalism, Nature | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Biri | Darkness, Night, Midnight | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Babalu Aye | Smallpox, Epidemic Diseases, Healing | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Bayanni (Dada) | Justice, Peace, Intelligence, Wisdom, Born with hard-to-comb hair[4] | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Dada | Children, Vegetables, Abundance[5] | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Ela | Manifestation & Light & Passion For Charity & Giving | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Edi | Spirit Of Evil, Whisperer Of Undoing And Corruption) | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Egungun | Sainted Dead | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Erinle | Hunter, Earth, Natural Force Of Universe | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Eshu | Trickery, Crossroads, Misfortune, Chaos, Death, Travelers, Messenger | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Ibeji | Twins | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Iroko | Tree, Wilderness | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Iya Nla | Primordial Spirit | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Iku | Death | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Imole | Sunlight, Soothsayer | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Logunede | War & Hunting | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Moremi | Saviour | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Oba | River | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Obba | Passion For Homemaking, Domestic Policies | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Obatala | Creation | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Oduduwa | Progenitor, Warrior | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Ogun | Warriors, Soldiers, Blacksmiths, Metal Workers, Craftsmen | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Oke | Mountain, Hill | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Oko | Agriculture, Farming, Fertility | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Olokun | Water, Health, Wealth | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Olumo | Mountain | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Ọranyan | Progenitor | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Orisha | Yorubaland |
| Orò | Justice, Bullroarers | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Oronsen | Progenitor | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Ọrunmila | Wisdom, Knowledge, Ifa Divination, Philosophy, Fate, Destiny, Prophecy, Babalawo | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Ori | Beforelife, Afterlife, Destiny, Personal Identify | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Osanyin | Herb, Plant, Nature, Herbalist, Magician | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Oṣosi | Hunt, Forest, Warrior, Justice | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Goddess of Water, Purity, Fertility, Love, and Sensuality | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland | |
| Oṣunmare | Rainbow, Serpent, Regeneration, Rebirth | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Otin | River, Fighter | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Oya | Storms, Wind, Thunder, Lightning, Dead | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Ṣango | Thunder, Lightning, Fire, Justice, Dance, Virility | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Ṣigidi | Guardian Of Home & Environment | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Yemoja | Goddess Of Creation, Water, Moon, The Motherhood, Protection | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
| Yewa | Yewa River | Yoruba People | Yoruba Religion | Oriṣa | Yorubaland |
Supreme being
[edit]The supreme being in Yorùbá culture is known as Olódùmarè/Elédùmarè, Elédùà as well as other names.
Metaphysical personifications or spirits
[edit]- Orunmila - spirit of wisdom, divination, destiny, and foresight
- Ori - personification of one's spiritual intuition and destiny
Àwọn òrìṣà ọkùnrin (male orishas)
[edit]- Aganjú - orisha that was a warrior king, walked with a sword as a staff, and is associated with fire. He is not associated with volcanoes in Yorùbáland in West Africa, contrary to what is believed in Cuban-style practice of orisa.
- Agemo - the chameleon servant of the supreme god Olorun.
- Ọbalúayé - orisha of the Earth and strongly associated with infectious disease and healing
- Erinlẹ̀ - an elephant hunter and physician to the gods
- Èṣù - Èṣù is the orisha of crossroads, duality, beginnings and balance
- Ibeji - twin orisha of vitality and youth
- Ọbàtálá - creator of human bodies; orisha of light, spiritual purity, and moral uprightness
- Odùduwà - progenitor orisha of the Yorubas
- Ògún - orisha who presides over iron, fire, hunting, agriculture and war
- Okó - a hunter and farmer
- Osanyin - orisha of the forest, herbs and medicine
- Oṣùmàrè - divine rainbow serpent associated with creation and procreation
- Ọ̀ṣọ́ọ̀sì - orisha of the hunt, forest, strategy and of the knowledge
- Ṣàngó - orisha of the thunders and lightnings[6]
- Akògún - a warrior and hunter, wear straw[7]
Àwọn òrìṣà Obinrin (Female Orishas)
[edit]- Yewa - orisha of the Yewa River.
- Nàná Bùkùú - orisha of the river and of the earth
- Ọbà - first wife of Ṣàngó and orisha of domesticity and marriage
- Ọtìn - orisha of the river Otín, she is hunter and wife of Erinlẹ̀
- Olókun - orisha of the ocean
- Ọ̀ṣun - orisha who presides over love, intimacy, beauty, wealth, diplomacy and of the Osun river
- Ọya - orisha of the Niger River; associated with wind, lightning, fertility, fire, and magic.[8]
- Yemọja - a mother goddess; patron deity of women and of the Ogun river
- Yemowo - wife of Ọbàtálá and of the water.
References
[edit]- ^ "Deities of the Yoruba and Fon Religions | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2022-12-11.
- ^ Mark, Joshua J. "Orisha". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2022-12-11.
- ^ "Deities of the Yoruba and Fon Religions | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2022-12-11.
- ^ http://eleda.org/blog/2008/11/11/the-lukumi-pantheon-orishas-worshiped-by-the-lukumi-english/ [bare URL]
- ^ http://eleda.org/blog/2008/11/11/the-lukumi-pantheon-orishas-worshiped-by-the-lukumi-english/ [bare URL]
- ^ "The 5 Most Influential Orishas". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 2019-08-11. Retrieved 2022-12-11.
- ^ Thabit, Khadijah (2022-09-21). "Yoruba gods and goddesses: their history explained in detail". Legit.ng - Nigeria news. Retrieved 2022-12-11.
- ^ "Deities of the Yoruba and Fon Religions | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2022-12-11.
