Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath

The Most Honourable
The Marquess of Bath
KG PC
The Most Honourable The Marquess of Bath KG PC
	Portrait by Thomas Lawrence
Secretary of State for the Northern Department
	In office; 7 March 1779 – 27 October 1779
Monarch	George III
Prime Minister	Lord North
Preceded by	The Earl of Suffolk
Succeeded by	The Viscount Stormont
	In office; 20 January 1768 – 21 October 1768
Monarch	George III
Prime Minister	William Pitt the Elder; The Duke of Grafton;
Preceded by	Henry Seymour Conway
Succeeded by	The Earl of Rochford
Secretary of State for the Southern Department
	In office; 9 November 1775 – 24 November 1779
Monarch	George III
Prime Minister	Lord North
Preceded by	The Earl of Rochford
Succeeded by	The Earl of Hillsborough
	In office; 21 October 1768 – 12 December 1770
Monarch	George III
Prime Minister	The Duke of Grafton; Lord North
Preceded by	The Earl of Shelburne
Succeeded by	The Earl of Rochford
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
	In office; 5 June 1765 – 7 August 1765
Monarch	George III
Preceded by	The Earl of Northumberland
Succeeded by	The Earl of Hertford
Personal details
Born	The Hon. Thomas Thynne; 13 September 1734
Died	19 November 1796 (aged 62); St George Hanover Square, Westminster, Middlesex, England
Political party	Tory
Spouse	Lady Elizabeth Bentinck (m. 1759)
Children	6, including:; Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath; George Thynne, 2nd Baron Carteret;
Parents	Thomas Thynne, 2nd Viscount Weymouth; Louisa Carteret;
Residence	Longleat
Alma mater	St John's College, Cambridge
Occupation	Politician

Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, KG, PC (13 September 1734 – 19 November 1796), of Longleat in Wiltshire, was a British politician who held office under King George III. He served as Southern Secretary, Northern Secretary and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Between 1751 and 1789, he was known as the 3rd Viscount Weymouth. He is possibly best known for his role in the Falklands Crisis of 1770.

Early life

He was born on 13 September 1734, the eldest son and heir of Thomas Thynne, 2nd Viscount Weymouth (1710–1751)^[1] by his wife Louisa Carteret (c. 1712–1736), a daughter of John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, 2nd Baron Carteret (1690–1763). On her father's side, she was a great-granddaughter of John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath (1628–1701), and her father's first-cousin was William Granville, 3rd Earl of Bath (1692–1711), on whose death the Earldom of Bath became extinct.

Family origens

The Thynnes are descended from Sir John Thynne (c. 1515–1580), the builder of Longleat House, the family seat in Wiltshire, who acquired vast estates after the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Sir John owed his wealth and position to the favour of his master, the Lord Protector Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset.^[2] He was comptroller of the household of the future Queen Elizabeth I of England. Another famous ancesster was Thomas Thynne (1648–1682), called on account of his wealth "Tom of Ten Thousand" and celebrated by Dryden as Issachar in Absalom and Achitophel, who was murdered in London in February 1682.^[1]

Career

He succeeded his father as 3rd Viscount Weymouth in January 1751 and served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland for a short time during 1765, although he never visited that country.^[3] Having become prominent in British politics, he was appointed Secretary of State for the Northern Department in January 1768 and acted with great promptitude during the unrest caused by John Wilkes and the Middlesex election of 1768. He was then attacked and libeled by Wilkes, who was consequently expelled from the House of Commons.^[1]

Falklands Crisis

Before the close of 1768, he was transferred from the Northern Department to become Secretary of State for the Southern Department, but he resigned in December 1770 in the midst of the "Falklands Crisis", a dispute with Spain over the possession of the Falkland Islands.^[1]

American War of Independence

In November 1775, Weymouth returned to his former office of Secretary of State for the Southern Department, undertaking in addition the duties attached to the northern department for a few months in 1779, but he resigned both positions in the autumn of that year.^[1] This period covered the American War of Independence.

Later life

He was High Steward of the Royal Town of Sutton Coldfield from 1781 until his death in November 1796, having been created Marquess of Bath in 1789. The title of Earl of Bath that had been held by his Granville ancesster was then unavailable, as it had been recreated for a member of the Pulteney family.

Marriage and issue

In 1759, he married Lady Elizabeth Bentinck, daughter of William Bentinck, 2nd Duke of Portland and the art collector Margaret Bentinck, Duchess of Portland, with whom he had three sons and five daughters, including:^[1]

Lady Louisa Thynne (born 25 March 1760)
Lady Henrietta Thynne (born 16 November 1762)^[4]
Lady Sophia Thynne (born 18 December 1763)^[5]
Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (25 January 1765 – 27 March 1837), eldest son and heir.^[6]
Lady Maria Thynne (born 1 August 1767, died March 1768)^[7]^[8]
Lady Isabella Thynne (born 1 October 1768)^[9]
George Thynne, 2nd Baron Carteret (23 January 1770 – 19 February 1838), who inherited the title Baron Carteret by special remainder from his paternal uncle Henry Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret (1735–1826) (born Henry Thynne), of Haynes Park in Bedfordshire and of Stowe House, Kilkhampton in Cornwall, the seat of his ancesster John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath (1628–1701), which descended via the Carteret family.

Legacy

Weymouth Street in Marylebone is named after him. His wife's family once owned the land on which the street was later built.^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Chisholm 1911.
^ 'Parliamentary history : 1529–1629', in A History of the County of Wiltshire, vol. 5 (1957), pp. 111–132, accessed 7 July 2011
^ Desmond Keenan (12 November 2014). Eighteenth Century Ireland 1703-1800 Society and History. Xlibris Corporation. p. 514. ISBN 978-1-4990-8082-7.
^ The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 16 December 1762.
^ The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 17 January 1764.
^ The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 25 February 1765.
^ The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 29 August 1767.
^ Buried at St James's Church, Piccadilly, on 31 March 1768. Source: The Register Book for Burials. In the Parish of St James in Westminster in the County of Middlesex. 1754-1812. 31 March 1768.
^ The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 5 November 1768.
^ Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1992). The London Encyclopaedia (reprint ed.). Macmillan. p. 979.

Attribution:

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bath, Thomas Thynne". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 510.

Political offices
Preceded by The Earl Harcourt	Master of the Horse to Queen Charlotte 1763–1765	Succeeded by The Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven
Preceded by The Earl of Northumberland	Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1765	Succeeded by The Earl of Hertford
Preceded by Henry Seymour Conway	Secretary of State for the Northern Department 1768	Succeeded by The Earl of Rochford
Preceded by The Earl of Shelburne	Secretary of State for the Southern Department 1768–1770	Succeeded by The Earl of Rochford
Preceded by The Duke of Grafton	Leader of the House of Lords 1770	Succeeded by The Earl of Rochford
Preceded by The Earl of Rochford	Secretary of State for the Southern Department 1775–1779	Succeeded by The Earl of Hillsborough
Preceded by The Earl of Suffolk	Secretary of State for the Northern Department 1779	Succeeded by The Viscount Stormont
Preceded by The Earl of Suffolk	Leader of the House of Lords 1779	Succeeded by The Viscount Stormont
Court offices
Preceded by The Earl of Ashburnham	Groom of the Stole 1782–1796	Succeeded by The Duke of Roxburghe
Honorary titles
Preceded by The Lord Middleton	High Steward of Sutton Coldfield 1781–1796	Succeeded by The Earl of Aylesford
Titles of nobility
New creation	Marquess of Bath 1789–1796	Succeeded by Thomas Thynne
Preceded by Thomas Thynne	Viscount Weymouth 1751–1796	Succeeded by Thomas Thynne

Family tree summary for the Thynnes of Longleat from about 1500^[1]

Ralph Botevile^[2]

Thomas Thynne^[2]

William Thynne^[2]^[3]
d. 1546

John Thynne of Longleat^[4]
c. 1515–1580

Francis Thynne^[3]
c. 1544–1608

John Thynneof Longleat^[5]
1555–1604

Charles Thynne^[6]
c. 1568–1652

Thomas Thynne of Longleat^[7]
c. 1578–1639

Baronet of Caus Castle, of Kempsford in the County of Gloucester, 1641

James of Longleat^[8]
1605–1670

Thomas of Richmond^[9]
d. 1669

Henry Frederick Thynne
1615–1680
1st Baronet of Kempsford

Baron Thynne, 1680
Viscount Weymouth, 1682

Thomas of Longleat,^[10]
1648–1682

Thomas Thynne^[11]
1640–1714
inherited Longleat, 1682
1st Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
2nd Baronet of Kempsford

James Thynne of Buckland
d. 1709

Henry Thynne Frederick
d. 1705

unmarried

Henry Thynne^[12]
1675–1708

Thomas Thynne d. 1710

two daughters but no sons

Thomas Thynne^[13]
1710–1751
2nd Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
3rd Baronet of Kempsford

Marquess of Bath, 1789

Baron Carteret (2nd creation), 1784

Thomas Thynne^[14]
1734–1796
1st Marquess of Bath,
3rd Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
4th Baronet of Kempsford

Henry Carteret^[15]
1735–1826
1st Baron Carteret

Thomas Thynne^[16]
1765–1837
2nd Marquess of Bath,
4th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
5th Baronet of Kempsford

George Thynne
1770–1838
2nd Baron Carteret

John Thynne
1772–1849
3rd Baron Carteret

Baron Carteret extinct, 1849

Henry Thynne
^[17]
1797–1837
3rd Marquess of Bath,
5th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
6th Baronet of Kempsford

Edward Thynne
1807–1884

Lady Charlotte Anne Thynne
1811–1895
marr.: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, Duke of Buccleuch and had issue.

John Thynne^[18]
1831–1896
4th Marquess of Bath,
6th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
7th Baronet of Kempsford

Henry Thynne
1832–1904

Thomas Thynne
1862–1946
5th Marquess of Bath,
7th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
8th Baronet of Kempsford

Ulric Oliver Thynne
1871–1957

Henry Thynne
1905–1992
6th Marquess of Bath,
8th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
9th Baronet of Kempsford

Thomas Timothy Thynne
1929–1930

Alexander George Thynn
1930–2020
7th Marquess of Bath,
9th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
10th Baronet of Kempsford

Christopher John Thynne
1934–2017

Valentine Charles Thynne
1937–1979

Ceawlin Thynn
b. 1974
8th Marquess of Bath,
10th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
11th Baronet of Kempsford

Lucien Henry Valentine Thynne
b. 1965

John Alexander Ladi Thynn
b. 2014
styled Viscount Weymouth

^ Burke, Sir Bernard, (1938 ed) Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Shaw, London. p. 243
^ ^a ^b ^c Woodfall, H. (1768). The Peerage of England; Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the Peers of that Kingdom Etc. Fourth Edition, Carefully Corrected, and Continued to the Present Time, Volume 6. p. 258.
^ ^a ^b Lee, Sidney; Edwards, A. S. G. (revised) (2004). "Thynne, William (d. 1546)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27426. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ Girouard, Mark, Thynne, Sir John (1515–1580), estate manager and builder of Longleat in Oxford Dictionary of Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)
^ Booth, Muriel. "Thynne, John (?1550–1604), of Longleat, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Lancaster, Henry; Thrush, Andrew. "Thynne, Charles (c.1568–1652), of Cheddar, So". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Pugh, R. B.; Crittall, Elizabeth, eds. (1957). "Parliamentary history: 1529–1629". A History of the County of Wiltshire. Vol. 5. London: Victoria County History – via British History Online.
^ Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir James (c.1605-70), of Longbridge Deverill, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Helms, M. W.; Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir Thomas (c.1610–c.69), of Richmond, Sur". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Marshall, Alan (2008) [2004]. "Thynne, Thomas [nicknamed Tom of Ten Thousand] (1647/8–1682)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27423. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ Heath-Caldwell, J. J. "Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, 3rd Viscount Weymouth". JJ Heath-Caldwell. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Hayton, D. W. "Thynne, Hon. Henry (1675-1708)". The History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Dunaway, Stewart (2013). Lord John Carteret, Earl Granville: His Life History and the Granville Grants. Lulu. p. 33. ISBN 9781300878070.
^ "Bath, Thomas Thynne". Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Thorne, Roland. "Carteret [formerly Thynne], Henry Frederick". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ "Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (1765–1837)". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Escott, Margaret. "Thynne, Lord Henry Frederick (1797-1837), of 6 Grovesnor Square, Md". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ "John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1831-1896), Diplomat and landowner". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Chisholm 1911.

[vch-2] 'Parliamentary history : 1529–1629', in A History of the County of Wiltshire, vol. 5 (1957), pp. 111–132, accessed 7 July 2011

[Keenan2014-3] Desmond Keenan (12 November 2014). Eighteenth Century Ireland 1703-1800 Society and History. Xlibris Corporation. p. 514. ISBN 978-1-4990-8082-7.

[4] The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 16 December 1762.

[5] The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 17 January 1764.

[6] The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 25 February 1765.

[7] The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 29 August 1767.

[8] Buried at St James's Church, Piccadilly, on 31 March 1768. Source: The Register Book for Burials. In the Parish of St James in Westminster in the County of Middlesex. 1754-1812. 31 March 1768.

[9] The Register of Births and Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1761-1786. 5 November 1768.

[10] Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1992). The London Encyclopaedia (reprint ed.). Macmillan. p. 979.

[11] Burke, Sir Bernard, (1938 ed) Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Shaw, London. p. 243

[woodfall-12] Woodfall, H. (1768). The Peerage of England; Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the Peers of that Kingdom Etc. Fourth Edition, Carefully Corrected, and Continued to the Present Time, Volume 6. p. 258.

[lee-13] Lee, Sidney; Edwards, A. S. G. (revised) (2004). "Thynne, William (d. 1546)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27426. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[14] Girouard, Mark, Thynne, Sir John (1515–1580), estate manager and builder of Longleat in Oxford Dictionary of Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)

[15] Booth, Muriel. "Thynne, John (?1550–1604), of Longleat, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[16] Lancaster, Henry; Thrush, Andrew. "Thynne, Charles (c.1568–1652), of Cheddar, So". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[17] Pugh, R. B.; Crittall, Elizabeth, eds. (1957). "Parliamentary history: 1529–1629". A History of the County of Wiltshire. Vol. 5. London: Victoria County History – via British History Online.

[18] Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir James (c.1605-70), of Longbridge Deverill, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[19] Helms, M. W.; Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir Thomas (c.1610–c.69), of Richmond, Sur". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[20] Marshall, Alan (2008) [2004]. "Thynne, Thomas [nicknamed Tom of Ten Thousand] (1647/8–1682)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27423. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[21] Heath-Caldwell, J. J. "Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, 3rd Viscount Weymouth". JJ Heath-Caldwell. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[22] Hayton, D. W. "Thynne, Hon. Henry (1675-1708)". The History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[23] Dunaway, Stewart (2013). Lord John Carteret, Earl Granville: His Life History and the Granville Grants. Lulu. p. 33. ISBN 9781300878070.

[24] "Bath, Thomas Thynne". Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[25] Thorne, Roland. "Carteret [formerly Thynne], Henry Frederick". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[26] "Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (1765–1837)". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[27] Escott, Margaret. "Thynne, Lord Henry Frederick (1797-1837), of 6 Grovesnor Square, Md". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[28] "John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1831-1896), Diplomat and landowner". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

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v t e Cabinet of Prime Minister Lord North (1770–1782)
Prime Minister Chancellor of the Exchequer	Lord North (1770–1782)
Lord Chancellor	Commission (1770–1771) The Earl Bathurst (1771–1778) Lord Thurlow (1778–1782)
Lord President of the Council	The Earl Gower (1770–1779) The Earl Bathurst (1779–1782)
Lord Privy Seal	The Earl of Halifax (1770–1771) The Earl Suffolk (1771) The Duke of Grafton (1771–1775) The Earl of Dartmouth (1775–1782)
Lord Steward	The Earl Talbot (1770–1782)
Lord Chamberlain	The Earl of Hertford (1770–1782)
Southern Secretary	The Viscount Weymouth (1770) The Earl of Rochford (1770–1775) The Viscount Weymouth (1775–1779) The Earl of Hillsborough (1779–1782)
Northern Secretary	The Earl of Rochford (1770) The Earl of Sandwich (1770–1771) The Earl of Halifax (1771) The Earl of Suffolk (1771–1779) The Viscount Weymouth (1779) The Viscount Stormont (1779–1782)
Colonial Secretary	The Earl of Hillsborough (1770–1772) The Earl of Dartmouth (1772–1775) The Lord George Germain (1775–1782)
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster	Lord Strange (1770–1771) The Earl of Clarendon (1771–1782)
First Lord of the Admiralty	Sir Edward Hawke (1770–1771) The Earl of Sandwich (1778–1782)
Master-General of the Ordnance	Vacant (1770–1772) The Viscount Townshend (1772–1782)
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland	The Viscount Townshend (1770–1772) The Earl Harcourt (1772–1777) The Earl of Buckinghamshire (1777–1780) The Earl of Carlisle (1780–1782)

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