Patrice Lumumba
 Patrice Lumumba | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
24 ga Yuni, 1960 - 14 Satumba 1960 ← no value - Joseph Iléo (en)  → | |||
| Rayuwa | |||
| Haihuwa |
Katakokombe (en) , 2 ga Yuli, 1925 | ||
| ƙasa |
Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville) (en) | ||
| Ƙabila |
African Brazilians (en) | ||
| Mutuwa | Lubumbashi, 17 ga Janairu, 1961 | ||
| Yanayin mutuwa |
kisan kai (execution by shooting (en) ) | ||
| Ƴan uwa | |||
| Abokiyar zama |
Pauline Opango (en) | ||
| Yara |
view
| ||
| Karatu | |||
| Harsuna | Faransanci | ||
| Sana'a | |||
| Sana'a |
ɗan siyasa da revolutionary (en) | ||
| Kyaututtuka |
gani
| ||
| Aikin soja | |||
| Ya faɗaci |
Congo Crisis (en) | ||
| Imani | |||
| Addini | Cocin katolika | ||
| Jam'iyar siyasa |
Mouvement National Congolais (en) Liberal Party (en) | ||
| IMDb | nm0525978 | ||
Patrice Lumumba, ainihin sunansa shi ne Élias Okit' Asombo (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga Yuli, 1925 a Onalua 2, na ƙasar Belgian Kongo, kuma ya mutu a ranar 17 ga janairu 1961, a kusa da Élisabethville). Shi ɗan ƙasar Kongo ne, kuma Firaminista na farko na Jamhuriyar Dimokaraɗiyyar Kwango daga shekarar 1960 zuwa 1964 daga yuni zuwa satumba 1960. Shi ne, tare da Joseph Kasa-Vubu , ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutane na 'yancin kai na Belgian Kongo.
Ana ɗaukarsa a Jamhuriyar Dimokaraɗiyyar Kwango a matsayin "jarumin ƙasa" na farko na ƙasar bayan samun 'yancin kai.
Tasowarsa da Karatu da Sana'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Patrice Émery Lumumba a Onalua (yankin Katako-Kombe a cikin Sankuru, Kongo Belgian, a cikin Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kwango a yanzu). Ya halarci makarantar mishan na Katolika sannan ƙwararren ɗalibi ne a makarantar Furotesta. Har zuwa 1954 (shekarar kafuwar cibiyar sadarwar ilimi ta duniya da jami'a ta farko), Beljiyam ta mulkin mallaka kawai ta haɓaka tsarin ilimi, gaba ɗaya an danƙa wa ayyukan addini. Makarantar ta ba da ilimi na asali ne kawai kuma an fi son horar da ma'aikata fiye da magatakarda, amma Lumumba, wanda ya koyar da kansa, ya nutsar da kansa a cikin littattafan tarihi.
Ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin ofis a wani kamfanin hakar ma'adinai a ƙasar Kivu ta Kudu har zuwa 1945, sannan a matsayin ɗan jarida a Léopoldville (yau Kinshasa) da Stanleyville (Kisangani) ma'aikaci na 2 a ma'aikatar gidan waya, a lokacin ya rubuta a jaridu daban-daban.
A cikin Satumbar 1954, ya karɓi katin "rejista", wanda gwamnatin Belgium ta tanada don wasu abubuwa masu mahimmanci na ƙasar (rajista 200 daga cikin miliyan 13 na mazaunan lokacin).
Ya gano, yayin da yake aiki da kamfanin haƙar ma'adinai, cewa albarkatun ƙasa na ƙasarsa na taka rawar gani a tattalin arzikin duniya, amma kuma kamfanonin ƙasashen duniya ba sa yin wani abu da ya sa shugabannin ƙasar Kongo cikin tafiyar da waɗannan arziƙin. Sannan ya yi yaƙin neman dunkulewar Kongo, inda ya banbanta kansa da sauran 'yan awaren da jam'iyyunsu suka fi ƙabilanci, sun fi dacewa da tsarin tarayya 3. Masanin tarihin Kongo Isidore Ndaywel è Nziem ya ƙayyade: "Lumumba, saboda kasancewarsa Tetela, ya sa 'yan takararsa na "halitta" suka tarwatsa ko'ina cikin kasar, wanda ya tilasta masa ya buga katin kishin ƙasa"[1][2]
Ba ya roƙon samun 'yancin kai nan da nan, musamman tun lokacin da ya fahimci cewa iyakokin Belgian Kongo da maƙwabtan Faransanci da Ingilishi da Portuguese sun zama masu mulkin mallaka, waɗanda masu mulkin mallaka suka kafa, wanda wata rana zai haifar da tambaya don rarraba dukiyar a tsakanin ƙasashen Afirka masu cin gashin kansu nan gaba. A cikin 1955, ya ƙirƙiro wata ƙungiya "APIC" (Ƙungiyar ma'aikata 'yan asalin mulkin mallaka) kuma za su sami damar yin magana da Sarki Baudouin a kan tafiya zuwa Kongo, game da yanayin zamantakewa na Kongo.[3]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Bernard Lugan, “The Belgian Congo, at the heart of the black continent”, no . 9H, autumn-winter 2014, p. 32-34.
- ↑ http://www.revuepolitique.be/la-passion-de-lumumba/
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20230404011014/https://www.dw.com/fr/lumumba-le-destin-bris%C3%A9-du-congo/a-42769829