Irland (Tamurt)

Irland
	Éire (ga); Ireland (en)
Drapeau de l'Irlande (fr)	Armoiries de l'Irlande (fr)
Imseɣret	Amhrán na bhFiann (fr)
Devise (fr)	«Jump into Ireland»
Yettusemma ɣef	Irland
Ansa
	53°N 8°W / 53°N 8°W
Tamanaɣt	Dublin
Imezdaɣ
Teɣṛed	5 149 139 (2022)
• Tiineẓẓi n imezdaɣ	73,77 imezdaɣen/km²
Tutlayt tunṣibt	Tirlandit ; Taglizit
Tarakalt
Amur seg	Tadukli Tuṛufit, Espace économique européen (fr) d Turuft Ugafa
Tajumma	69 797 km²
Isek yeflalen	Carrauntuohill (fr) (1 038,6 m)
Point le plus bas (fr)	North Slob (en) (−3 m)
Tilisa yakked	Tagelda Yedduklen ; Irland n Ugafa
Asefk amazray
Yezwar-it	État libre d'Irlande (fr)
Asnulfu	1922: (État libre d'Irlande (fr) ); 29 Duǧember 1937
Tuddsa tasertayt
Anagraw asertay	Tagduda d État unitaire (fr)
Exécutif (fr)	gouvernement de l'Irlande (fr)
Assemblée délibérante (fr)	Oireachtas (fr)
• président d'Irlande (fr)	Michael D. Higgins (fr) (11 Wamber 2011)
• Taoiseach (fr)	Simon Harris (fr) (9 Yebrir 2024)
Corps judiciaire suprême (fr)	Cour suprême d'Irlande (fr)
Tadamsa
Produit intérieur brut nominal (fr)	504 182 603 276 $ (2021)
Tadrimt	Euro
Amekzay uglim
Izṭi akudan	UTC±00:00 (fr)
Domaine internet (fr)	.ie (fr)
Plan de numérotation (fr)	+353
Numéro d'appel d'urgence (fr)	112 (fr)
Azamul n tmurt	IE
Identifiant Nomenclature des unités territoriales statistiques (fr)	IE
Nniḍen
Tansa n web	gov.ie

Irland (s tirlandit : Éire (asusru ), s taglizit : Ireland (asusru )), d awanak deg ugafa n Turuft, tezga-d deg tegzirt n Irland ger ugaraw anaṭlas deg umalu n Briṭanya Tameqqrant. Tamanaɣt-is d Dublin i d tamdint meqqren akk deg tamurt.

Irland tekcem ɣer Tadukli Tuṛufit deg 1973^[1], ed ɣer Asqamu n Turuft deg 1949^[2].

Isem

Awal n Eire yekka-d seg awal Eiru s Tagalyit [en], d isem n tillut deg tesnmita taseltit (Celtic mythology)^[3].

Amezruy

Igaliyen [en] zedɣen tegzirt n Irland seg lqern wis 4 Uqbel-Ɛisa, i xeddmen aṭas n tgeldiwin imecṭuḥen. Deg lqern wis 5, Igaliyen [en] ad uɣalen imasiḥiyen s Agerram Patrik (Saint Patrick) [en]^[4].

Seg lqern wis 8 ar lqern wis 12, Inuṛmanen [en] ed Vikings i steɛmṛen tegzirt n Irland^[4].

Seg lqern wis 12 ar lqern wis 18, igliziyen ed iskutlandiyen ḥekmen tegzirt n Irland (mseḍfaren : Henri II deg lqern wis 12, Tudors deg lqern wis 16 ed Cromwell deg lqern wis 17)^[4].

Irland deg 1922 i tewwi timunent ɣef Tagelda Yedduklen^[1], deffir 7 n tasutin n leḥkem abriṭani^[5].

Agerram Patrik (Saint Patrick) [en].
Iserdasin n Irland deg 1521.
Oliver Cromwell.

Irland deg lqern wis 8.
Irland seg lqern wis 8 ar lqern wis 9.
Irland deg 900.
Irland seg lqern wis 9 ar lqern wis 11.
Tigeldiwin n Irland deg 1014.
Irlandiyen ed Inuṛmanen deg 1300.
Irland deg 1609 : Iskutlandiyen, Irlandiyen, Iskutlandiyen ed igliziyen, Igliziyen, Tasehrest amaẓlay.

Tarakalt

Irland d win i d-yeṭṭfen 85% n tajumma n tegzirt n Irland, yezga-d deg umalu n Briṭanya Tameqqrant (iferqen s Ilel n Irland^[5]), ed umalu-wenẓul n Irland n Ugafa (d tamurt i iḍefṛen Tagelda Yedduklen)^[1].

Irland deg-s tiɣalltin ɛlayen, idurar ed yizaɣar ameqqran akked yigelmimen deg tlemmast n tmurt^[6].

Topografi n Irland.
Tiɣalltin, idurar, yizaɣar ameqqran ed yigelmimen n Irland.

Inezwi

Irland tesɛa unezwu agarwan; taẓɣelt talemmast n tagrest tettbeddil gar 4,4 d 7,2 °C, ed taẓɣelt talemmast n anebdu d ahat n 15 °C^[7].

Isefka n unezwi n Irland (2020)^[8]
Ayyur	Yen	Fur	Meɣ	Yebr	May	Yun	Yul	Ɣuc	Cte	Tub	Wam	Duj
Amktal ɛlayen (°C)	18.5	18.1	23.6	25.8	28.4	33.3	32.3	31.5	29.1	25.2	20.1	18.1
Amktal yudren (°C)	-19.1	-17.8	-17.2	-7.7	-5.6	-3.3	-0.3	-2.7	-3.5	-8.3	-11.5	-17.5

Timnaḍin n Irland

Irland tesɛa 4 n timnaḍin qqaren-as s tirlandit : cuige, anamek-is d (temnaḍt) wis xemsa, axaṭeṛ zik, tegzirt n Irland tebḍa d 5 timnaḍin. Temnaḍt n Meath (Tara) tekcem ɣar temnaḍt n Laighean^[9].


Temnaḍt	Imezdaɣ (2016)^[10]	Tajumma (km²)^[11]
Connachta	550,742	17 713
Laighean	2,630,720	19 774
An Mhumhain	1,280,394	24 608
Ulaidh	296,120	808

Tawennaḍt

Imɣan

Imɣan n Irland laṣel-is s waṭas deg Briṭanya Tameqqrant, temmug s roseau, azlaf, ifilku, sphagnum ed leṣnaf nniḍen^[7].

Iɣersiwen

Iɣersiwen n Irland ur txulef ara aṭas ɣer iɣersiwen n Briṭanya Tameqqrant neɣ n Fransa^[7].

Gar iɣersiwen n Irland yella : Agtul n Irland (aɣersiw aɣelnaw n Irland), aberni, abareɣ azeggaɣ, aydi n waman, azeɣnennay, imziy, akʷrekʷdan, puffin yijider awraɣ, taninna ed leṣnaf n iɣersiwen nniḍen^[12].

Agtul n Irland.
Akʷrekʷdan.
Abareɣ azeggaɣ.
Taninna.
Puffin deg Irland.

Isafen ed yigelmimen

Irland tesɛa aṭas n isafen, d wasif meqqren deg-sen qqaren-as deg taglizit : Shannon, asif-nni yesεa ahat n 360 km deg teɣzi, yettεeddin ɣef kraḍ n yigelmimen : Lough Allen, Lough Ree, ed Lough Derg. D asif n Shannon yettawi ɣer agaraw anaṭlas, sdat n tamdint n Limerick^[13]. Isafen imeqqranen nniḍenn Irland yella : Bandon, Liffey, Lee, Blackwater, Nore, Suir, Barrow, Slaney ed Boyne^[14].

Isafen imeqranen n Irland^[15]
#	Asif	Teɣzi (km)
1	Shannon	360
2	Barrow	192
3	Suir	184
4	Blackwater	168
5	Nore	140

Irland tesɛa daɣen aṭas n yigelmimen (ugar n yigelmimen n Legliz), irlandiyen qqaren igelmimen : loughs. Igelmimen igejdanen n Irland yella : Killarney, Corrib, Mask, Conn, ed Derg.^[14]

Lough Corrib d agelmim ameqqran n Irland i yesɛan tajumma ahat n 176 km²^[16]. Igelmimen n Killarney d kraḍ n igelmimen sdat n tamdint n Killarney : Lower Lake, Middle Lake (qqaren-as Muckross Lake) ed Upper Lake^[17]. Lough Derg d agelmim d wis sin i meqqren akk deg Irland^[13], yesɛan tajumma ahat n 130 km²^[16].

Igelmimen imeqranen n Irland^[16]
#	Agelmim	Tajumma (km²)
1	Corrib	176
2	Derg	130
3	Ree	105
4	Mask	83
5	Conn	50

Asif n Blackwater.
Asif n Liffey, Dublin.
Asif n Shannon.
Agelmim n Corrib.

Idles

Tutlayin

Irland tesɛa snat n tutlayin tamaddudtin : tirlandit am tutlayt tamaddudt tamezwarut (seg 1922), ed taglizit am tutlayt tamaddudt nniḍen^[18]^,^[19]

Deg 2016, tidersiwin deg Irland (ugar 600 000 n medden) iheddṛen tutlayin nniḍen (nnig n tirlandit ed taglizit) deg wexxam-nsen : tapulunit (135 895), tafrensist (54 948), talmant (28 331), taspenyult (32 405), Tapuṛtugit [en] (20 833), tarusit (21 707), talitwanit (35 362) Tacinwant [en] (17 584), taɛrabt (16 072), Tarumanit [en] (36 683) ed tutlayin nniḍen (212 198)^[20].

Ugdud n Irland i d-yeqqaren ttmeslayen tirlandit deg 2011.

Isɣanen

Deg 2016, 78% (ugar n 3,7 n yimelyan) seg ugdud n Irland d yimasiḥiyen (takatulikt), 10% d ulac n wesɣan, ugdud nniḍen ferqent gar yimselmen, yihendusen ed isɣanen nniḍen^[20].

Tamasiḥit (takatulikt) deg Irland (2011).
Isɣanen nniḍen deg Irland (2011).
Ugdud akked ulac n wesɣan deg Irland (2011).

lǧameε n Dublin.
Taglisya n St Audoen's, Dublin.

Annay n Irland

Annay aɣelnaw n Irland, deg-s kraḍ n tiɣmiwin : azegzaw, amellal ed ačini. akken ad azamul tdukli gar yegduden n Irland^[21].

Tiɣmiwin-a kifkif-iten deg lqedd. Tehri n annay i d aɣezzfan s sin imuren ɣef asawn-is (teɣzi)^[21].

Amellal deg tlemmast n unnay anamek-is d asirem n talwit ara idumen gar snat-nni n tiɣmiwin (azegzaw ed ačini)^[21]

Azegzaw anamek-is d ugdud mmi-s ineṣliyen n Irland, ačini anamek-is d ugdud mmi-s n umhersan abriṭani seg lqern wis 17^[22].

Annay n tselwit n Irland (Lweṛt n unnay n Irland deg lqern wis 16)^[23].
Annay aɣelnaw n Irland (maci d unṣib), seg 1798 ar lqern wis 20^[24].
Annay n Irland.

Tadamsa, tnezzut ed isawaḍen

Iwunak Yeddukklen n Temrikt ed Tagelda Yedduklen d icriken n tnezzut igejdanen n Irland, deg-s icriken igejdanen nniḍen yella timura n Tadukli Tuṛufit (Lalman, Fransa ed Biljik), Ccinwa ed Taswist^[25].

Irland tessaǧǧaw tinaεurin d timacinin iliktrikan, tigamanin ikruranen, iselsa, tissit ed iseɣẓanen n tsenselkimt. D tettaǧǧew lpiṭrul, tigamanin n lpiṭrul, timacinin n isawaḍen^[25].

Iberdan, inafagen ed isugan

Irland tesɛa azeṭṭa n iberdan ameqqren. Inafagen igraɣlanen n Irland usan-d deg Dublin, Shannon ed Cork, daɣen yella aṭas n inafagen imenḍanen nniḍen. Tuget n tnezzut tawlalt n Irland i iɛeddan ɣer isugan igejdanen n ugemmaḍ usammar ed wenẓul n tamurt (deg Dublin, Waterford ed Cork), isugan n Limerick d Galway xedmen ugemmaḍ umalu n Irland^[25].

Deg Irland tella aṭas n tmacinin gar timdinin ed tudrin tigejdanin n tamurt, ɣer tama n tuqqna akked uzeṭṭa n tmacinin n Irland n Ugafa^[25].

Azeṭṭa n rrayat n tmacint, inafagen ed isugan n Irland.
Azeṭṭa n iberdan imeqqranen n Irland.

Tizmilin

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 et ^1,2 Fiche pays: Irlande, deg ouest-france.fr.
↑ Irlande // 46 Etats, une Europe, deg coe.int.
↑ 16 mots qui reflètent l’histoire de l’Irlande, deg geo.fr.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 et ^4,2 Irlande : histoire, deg larousse.fr.
↑ ^5,0 et ^5,1 Irlande, deg atlas-monde.net.
↑ Irlande : géographie physique, deg larousse.fr.
↑ ^7,0 ^7,1 et ^7,2 Géographie, deg asty-moulin.be.
↑ (en) Weather Extreme Records for Ireland, deg met.ie.
↑ Liste des drapeaux des provinces irlandaises., deg svowebmaster.free.fr.
↑ (en) Statistical Yearbook of Ireland 2016, deg cso.ie.
↑ Irlande - LISTE DES DIVISIONS ADMINISTRATIVES Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine , deg populationdata.net.
↑ (en) Ireland, deg a-z-animals.com.
↑ ^13,0 et ^13,1 (en) Joanne Mattern, Ireland, Capstone, 2003, (ISBN 9780736815499) (taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt wis 10.
↑ ^14,0 et ^14,1 (en) William Lawson, Geography of the British Empire: Part I - III, BoD, 2022, (ISBN 9783752561098) (taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt 150-153.
↑ (en) The Longest Rivers In Ireland, deg worldatlas.com.
↑ ^16,0 ^16,1 et ^16,2 (en) The Largest Lakes In Ireland, deg worldatlas.com.
↑ (en) The Lakes Of Killarney, deg killarneyonline.ie.
↑ (en) European languages - Ireland, deg bbc.co.uk.
↑ (en) Official status of Irish, deg uni-due.de.
↑ ^20,0 et ^20,1 (en) CSO, Census 2016 Summary Results - Part 1, (taɣuṛi [pdf]), tawṛiqt 25 ed 30.
↑ ^21,0 ^21,1 et ^21,2 (en) The National Flag, deg gov.ie.
↑ (en) National Flag Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine.
↑ (en) Presidential Standard Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie.
↑ (en) The Green Flag Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie.
↑ ^25,0 ^25,1 ^25,2 et ^25,3 (en)Trade of Ireland, deg britannica.com.

[:2-1] 1,0 ^1,1 et ^1,2 Fiche pays: Irlande, deg ouest-france.fr.

[2] Irlande // 46 Etats, une Europe, deg coe.int.

[3] 16 mots qui reflètent l’histoire de l’Irlande, deg geo.fr.

[:3-4] 4,0 ^4,1 et ^4,2 Irlande : histoire, deg larousse.fr.

[:4-5] 5,0 et ^5,1 Irlande, deg atlas-monde.net.

[6] Irlande : géographie physique, deg larousse.fr.

[:0-7] 7,0 ^7,1 et ^7,2 Géographie, deg asty-moulin.be.

[8] (en) Weather Extreme Records for Ireland, deg met.ie.

[9] Liste des drapeaux des provinces irlandaises., deg svowebmaster.free.fr.

[10] (en) Statistical Yearbook of Ireland 2016, deg cso.ie.

[11] Irlande - LISTE DES DIVISIONS ADMINISTRATIVES Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine , deg populationdata.net.

[12] (en) Ireland, deg a-z-animals.com.

[:7-13] 13,0 et ^13,1 (en) Joanne Mattern, Ireland, Capstone, 2003, (ISBN 9780736815499) (taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt wis 10.

[:6-14] 14,0 et ^14,1 (en) William Lawson, Geography of the British Empire: Part I - III, BoD, 2022, (ISBN 9783752561098) (taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt 150-153.

[15] (en) The Longest Rivers In Ireland, deg worldatlas.com.

[:8-16] 16,0 ^16,1 et ^16,2 (en) The Largest Lakes In Ireland, deg worldatlas.com.

[17] (en) The Lakes Of Killarney, deg killarneyonline.ie.

[18] (en) European languages - Ireland, deg bbc.co.uk.

[19] (en) Official status of Irish, deg uni-due.de.

[:1-20] 20,0 et ^20,1 (en) CSO, Census 2016 Summary Results - Part 1, (taɣuṛi [pdf]), tawṛiqt 25 ed 30.

[:5-21] 21,0 ^21,1 et ^21,2 (en) The National Flag, deg gov.ie.

[22] (en) National Flag Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine.

[23] (en) Presidential Standard Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie.

[24] (en) The Green Flag Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie.

[:9-25] 25,0 ^25,1 ^25,2 et ^25,3 (en)Trade of Ireland, deg britannica.com.

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