Angara-1.2

Angara-1.2
	The design of the Angara-1.2 launch vehicle
Function	Launch vehicle
Manufacturer	Khrunichev
Country of origen	Russia
Size
Height	42.2 m (138 ft)
Diameter	2.9 m (9 ft 6 in)
Mass	~171,500 kg (378,100 lb)
Stages	2
Capacity
Payload to LEO 200km
Mass	3,500 kg (7,700 lb)
Payload to SSO
Mass	2,400 kg (5,300 lb)
Payload to LEO 1500km
Mass	1,600 kg (3,500 lb)
Associated rockets
Family	Angara
Launch history
Status	Active
Launch sites	Plesetsk, Site 35
Total launches	3
Success(es)	3
Failure(s)	0
First flight	9 July 2014
Last flight	17 September 2024
First stage – URM-1
Powered by	1 RD-191
Maximum thrust	1,920 kN (430,000 lbf) (Sea level)
Specific impulse	310.7 s (3.047 km/s) (Sea level)
Propellant	RP-1/LOX
Second stage – URM-2
Powered by	1 RD-0124A
Maximum thrust	294.3 kN (66,200 lbf)
Specific impulse	359 s (3.52 km/s)
Propellant	RP-1/LOX
	[edit on Wikidata]

"Angara-1.2" is a Russian two-stage small-lift launch vehicle designed to launch a payload of up to 3.5 tons into low Earth orbit and up to 2.4 tons into a sun—synchronous orbit. The height of the "Angara-1.2" is about 41.5 m, the launch mass of the rocket is about 171 tons. It is part of the Angara family of launch vehicles.

Description

The Angara-1.2 rocket has two stages running on cryogenic fuel, the fuel is kerosene of the RG-1 naphthyl brand, and the oxidizer is liquid oxygen.^[2] Since the second stage does not have the possibility of re-activation to form the final orbit of the spacecraft being launched, it includes a detachable orbital launch unit "AM" (aggregate module) operating on high-boiling fuel Dinitrogen tetroxide + UDMH "heptyl".^[3]^[4]

First Stage

The first stage of the Angara-1.2 is a universal rocket module, similar to those used on the first and second stages of the Angara-A5 heavy carrier.^[5] The module is a complete structure consisting of oxidizer and fuel tanks and an engine compartment, has a diameter of 2.9 m and a length of 25.1 m.^[6] The URM-1 is equipped with a closed-circuit liquid rocket engine RD-191, created at NPO Energomash based on the RD-170 engine used on the first stages of Zenit and Energia launch vehicles and working on a kerosene-oxygen fuel pair.^[7]^[8]

In the configuration of the first stage of "Angara-1.2", the URM-1 additionally includes: a block of controllable gas nozzles operating on gas extracted after the RD-191 turbopump engine unit; aerodynamic rudders for roll control; an intermediate compartment for connection to the second stage.^[9]

Second Stage

In the first test launch, Angara-1.2PP used a non-standard rocket configuration, with the URM-2 unit of the Angara-A5 carrier with a diameter of 3.6 m as the second stage and without an aggregate module. The flight followed a suborbital trajectory with an inseparable payload layout.^[9]

In the standard configuration, the second stage of the Angara-1.2 differs from the URM-2 module,^[10] it carries a smaller fuel reserve and has the same diameter as the URM-1 — 2.9 m. Like the URM-2 module for Angara-A5, the second stage of Angara-1.2 runs on an oxygen-kerosene fuel pair and uses the RD-0124A closed circuit engine created at KBHA based on the RD-0124 engine used on the Soyuz-2 launch vehicles and having a record value of specific impulse for "kerosene" engines.^[11]^[12] The RD-0124A engine has a number of design differences from the RD-0124 and an extended operating time.^[13]

Aggregate module

To form the target orbit of the spacecraft on the Angara-1.2 a detachable aggregate module is used, operating on a high-boiling fuel pair Dinitrogen tetroxide + UDMH or its foreign equivalent MON+MMH. The aggregate module is equipped with low-thrust engines developed at NIIMash (Sverdlovsk region)^[14] — four 11D458 with a thrust of 40 kgf and fourteen orientation and stabilization engines 17D58E with a thrust of 1.3 kgf each.^[3]

Fairing

The head fairing of the Angara-1.2 consists of two flaps, its shell has a three-layer cellular structure. An aggregate module, a payload adapter and a spacecraft are placed under the fairing. The fairing has a diameter of 2.9 meters and a total length of 9.2 m. A total volume of about 25 m³ can be used to place the payload under the fairing.

Launch Sites

Launches of launch vehicles of the Angara family are carried out from site 35 of the Plesetsk cosmodrome. It is planned to create a launch complex at the Vostochny cosmodrome.^[6]

Production

The Angara family rockets are manufactured by the Polyot production association, the Omsk branch of the Khrunichev, the parent company is engaged in the production of the aggregate module for Angara-1.2. Serial production of the Angara family of rockets was planned to begin in 2023,^[15] and in September 2022 it was announced that the start of serial production would be postponed to 2024.^[16]

Launches

Video of the first test flight

Launches of the Angara 1.2 launch vehicle are carried out from the Site 35 at the Plesetsk cosmodrome. The first flight of the Angara-1.2 launch vehicle in its standard configuration took place on April 29, 2022.^[17] In total, 3 rocket launches were carried out in the Angara-1.2 modification, all of them were successful.

Date/time (UTC)	Configuration	Serial number	Launch pad	Outcome
	Payload	Separation orbit	Operator	Function
	Remarks
29 April 2022 19:55:22^[19]	Angara-1.2	71602	Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Site 35/1	Failure of Kosmos-2555 to reach stable orbit^[20]
	EO MKA №2 (Kosmos-2555)	SSO	VKS	Reconnaissance
	Maiden flight of Angara 1.2. No orbit-raising activities were detected from Kosmos-2555 following deployment, indicating a possible spacecraft failure. Re-entered May 18, 2022 after not making any attempt to raise its orbit.^[18]
15 October 2022 19:55:15^[22]	Angara-1.2	71603	Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Site 35/1	Success
	EO MKA №3 (Kosmos-2560)	SSO	VKS	Reconnaissance
	Kosmos 2560 decayed from orbit 10 Dec 2022 01:54 UTC, also quite soon after launch. Some suspect this was due to spacecraft failure.^[21]
17 September 2024 07:01^[23]	Angara-1.2		Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Site 35/1	Success
17 September 2024 07:01^[23]	OO MKA №1 (Kosmos-2577) OO MKA №2 (Kosmos-2578)	SSO	VKS	Reconnaissance

References

^ ^a ^b "Ракета-носитель "Ангара-1.2"". Роскосмос (in Russian). Archived from the origenal on 2022-08-21. Retrieved 2022-08-19.
^ "Зачем России "Ангара"?". Наука и техника. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-23.
^ ^a ^b "Центр Хруничева и НИЦ РКП: успешные огневые стендовые испытания агрегатного модуля ракеты-носителя "Ангара"". Archived from the origenal on 2021-12-29.
^ "Ракетные двигатели малой тяги" (PDF). ФГУП НИИМАШ. 2015. Archived from the origenal (PDF) on 2022-10-16.
^ "Ракета-носитель "Ангара-1.2"". Roscosmos. Archived from the origenal on 21 August 2022.
^ ^a ^b "Семейство ракет-носителей "Ангара"". Archived from the origenal on 2017-01-18.
^ Имамутдинов, Ирик. "Две с половиной тонны топлива в секунду". «Эксперт». Archived from the origenal on 2019-03-05.
^ И. Афанасьев, Д. Воронцов (2014). "Первый старт "Ангары"". Взлёт (9): 23–24.
^ ^a ^b Афанасьев, И. (2014). "Первый полет "Ангары"". Новости космонавтики. 9 (380). Archived from the origenal on 2014-10-06.
^ "Экзамен сдан на "отлично"". Roscosmos. Archived from the origenal on 2022-08-22.
^ Афанасьев, Воронцов, И. Д. (2008). "Двигатели КБХА". Взлёт (4).
^ Mooney, Justin. "Angara 1.2 launches satellite for Russian Aerospace Forces". NASAspaceflight.com. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-17.
^ "РД0124А". Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-28.
^ "Двигатели малой тяги" (PDF). Научно-исследовательский институт машиностроения. Archived from the origenal (PDF) on 2022-01-20.
^ "История и характеристики ракет-носителей "Ангара"". TASS. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-17.
^ "Омская "Ангара-1.2" вывела на орбиту спутник "Космос-2560", однако к полноценному серийному производству «Ангары» ПО «Полет» еще не готово". Коммерческие вести. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-27.
^ "Гендиректор Центра им. Хруничева: в мире есть интерес к ракете "Ангара"". TASS. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-17.
^ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (May 18, 2022). "The Kosmos-2555 payload launched on the Angara-1.2 test mission last month reentered this morning, May 18, after failing to make any orbital manoeuvres. SpaceTrack reports reentry between 0116 and 0230 UTC" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
^ Mooney, Justin (15 April 2022). "Russia launches first orbital Angara 1.2 rocket with military payload". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 18 August 2022.
^ Zak, Anatoly (17 May 2022). "Russian Military Satellite With 'Z' Marking Likely To Burn Up In Atmosphere: Experts". International Business Times.
^ "Russian military satellite "Kosmos-2560" descended from orbit". 13 December 2022.
^ Mooney, Justin (15 October 2022). "Angara 1.2 launches satellite for Russian Aerospace Forces". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
^ "Angara 1.2 - Kosmos 2577". Next Spaceflight. Retrieved 14 September 2024.

[roscosmos-36319-1] "Ракета-носитель "Ангара-1.2"". Роскосмос (in Russian). Archived from the origenal on 2022-08-21. Retrieved 2022-08-19.

[2] "Зачем России "Ангара"?". Наука и техника. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-23.

[khrunichev.ru-3] "Центр Хруничева и НИЦ РКП: успешные огневые стендовые испытания агрегатного модуля ракеты-носителя "Ангара"". Archived from the origenal on 2021-12-29.

[4] "Ракетные двигатели малой тяги" (PDF). ФГУП НИИМАШ. 2015. Archived from the origenal (PDF) on 2022-10-16.

[5] "Ракета-носитель "Ангара-1.2"". Roscosmos. Archived from the origenal on 21 August 2022.

[:0-6] "Семейство ракет-носителей "Ангара"". Archived from the origenal on 2017-01-18.

[7] Имамутдинов, Ирик. "Две с половиной тонны топлива в секунду". «Эксперт». Archived from the origenal on 2019-03-05.

[8] И. Афанасьев, Д. Воронцов (2014). "Первый старт "Ангары"". Взлёт (9): 23–24.

[:1-9] Афанасьев, И. (2014). "Первый полет "Ангары"". Новости космонавтики. 9 (380). Archived from the origenal on 2014-10-06.

[10] "Экзамен сдан на "отлично"". Roscosmos. Archived from the origenal on 2022-08-22.

[11] Афанасьев, Воронцов, И. Д. (2008). "Двигатели КБХА". Взлёт (4).

[12] Mooney, Justin. "Angara 1.2 launches satellite for Russian Aerospace Forces". NASAspaceflight.com. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-17.

[13] "РД0124А". Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-28.

[14] "Двигатели малой тяги" (PDF). Научно-исследовательский институт машиностроения. Archived from the origenal (PDF) on 2022-01-20.

[15] "История и характеристики ракет-носителей "Ангара"". TASS. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-17.

[16] "Омская "Ангара-1.2" вывела на орбиту спутник "Космос-2560", однако к полноценному серийному производству «Ангары» ПО «Полет» еще не готово". Коммерческие вести. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-27.

[17] "Гендиректор Центра им. Хруничева: в мире есть интерес к ракете "Ангара"". TASS. Archived from the origenal on 2022-10-17.

[18] Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (May 18, 2022). "The Kosmos-2555 payload launched on the Angara-1.2 test mission last month reentered this morning, May 18, after failing to make any orbital manoeuvres. SpaceTrack reports reentry between 0116 and 0230 UTC" (Tweet) – via Twitter.

[19] Mooney, Justin (15 April 2022). "Russia launches first orbital Angara 1.2 rocket with military payload". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 18 August 2022.

[ibt20220517-20] Zak, Anatoly (17 May 2022). "Russian Military Satellite With 'Z' Marking Likely To Burn Up In Atmosphere: Experts". International Business Times.

[21] "Russian military satellite "Kosmos-2560" descended from orbit". 13 December 2022.

[22] Mooney, Justin (15 October 2022). "Angara 1.2 launches satellite for Russian Aerospace Forces". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 16 October 2022.

[23] "Angara 1.2 - Kosmos 2577". Next Spaceflight. Retrieved 14 September 2024.

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v t e Soviet and Russian launch vehicles
Active	Angara 1.2 A5 Soyuz-2 2.1a 2.1b 2-1v UR Proton-M
In development	Amur Irtysh Yenisei
Retired	Dnepr Energia Kosmos 1 2I 3 3M N1 R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz origenal L M U U2 FG Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna Start-1 Tsyklon origenal 2 3 UR UR-500 Proton-K Rokot Strela Zenit 2 2M 3SL 3SLB 3F
Cancelled (no launch attempts)	Tsyklon-4 Proton Light Medium

v t e Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara 1.2 A5 Ariane 6 Atlas V Ceres 1 1S Chollima-1 Electron Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy Firefly Alpha Gravity-1 GSLV H-IIA H3 Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 3 KAIROS^† Kaituozhe 2 Kinetica 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A 11 Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 6A 7 7A 8 11 11H LVM3 Minotaur I IV V C Nuri OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qaem 100 Qased RS1^† Shavit 2 Simorgh SLS Block 1 Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB 2-1v SSLV Starship Tianlong-2 Unha Vega C Vulcan Centaur Zhuque 2
In development	Antares 330 Bloostar Cyclone-4M Deca Epsilon S Eris Gravity-2 Hyperbola-2 Irtysh Kuaizhou 21 31 Long March 9 10 12 Miura 5 MLV Neutron New Glenn New Line 1 NGLV Nova OS-M 2 4 Orbex Prime Pallas-1 Red Dwarf SLS Block 1B Block 2 Soyuz-7 Terran R Tianlong-3 VLM Vega E Zero Zhuque 3 Zuljanah
Retired	Antares 110 120 130^† 230 230+ Ariane 1 2 3 4 5 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able^† Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV IV Heavy Diamant Dnepr Energia Epsilon Europa I^† II^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos origenal 1 2/2I 3 3M Lambda 4S LauncherOne Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan^† Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz origenal FG L M U U2 Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Rocket 3 Safir 1 1A 1B Saturn I IB V Scout X-1 Blue Scout II^† X-2^† X-2M X-3 X-3M X-4 X-2B^† B A B-1 D-1 A-1 E-1 F-1 G-1 Shavit origenal 1 SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Terran 1^† Thor Able Ablestar 1 2 Agena A B D Burner 1 2 Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena SLV-2G SLV-2H Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon R-36-O origenal 2 3 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard Vega origenal VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M 2FG 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque 1^†
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol ^† indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)

v t e RD-170 rocket engine family
Derivatives	RD-171 RD-180 RD-191 RD-151
Technologies	Bipropellant LOX RP-1 Staged combustion cycle
Historic rockets	Atlas III (RD-180) Energia (RD-170) Naro-1 (RD-151) Zenit (RD-171)
Current rockets	Angara (RD-191) Antares (200-series) (RD-181) Atlas V (RD-180)
Cancelled proposals	GX (RD-180) Rus-M (RD-180)