About: John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham

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General John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham, also 2nd Viscount Pitt and 2nd Baron Chatham, KG, PC (9 October 1756 – 24 September 1835) was a British soldier and politician. He spent a lengthy period in the cabinet but is best known for commanding the disastrous Walcheren Campaign of 1809.

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  • John Pitt, 2. hrabě z Chathamu (anglicky John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham, 2nd Viscount Pitt, 2nd Baron Chatham) (9. října 1756 Londýn – 24. září 1835 Londýn), byl britský generál a státník. Pocházel z významné rodiny Pittů a byl starším bratrem dlouholetého premiéra Williama Pitta mladšího. Díky jeho vlivu dosáhl vysokého postavení a dvacet let zastával různé ministerské funkce, mimo jiné byl ministrem námořnictva (1788–1794) a (1801–1806 a 1807–1810). Teprve po bratrově smrti a neúspěchu vojenské operace u břehů Nizozemí odešel v roce 1810 do ústraní. (cs)
  • John Pitt, 2. Earl of Chatham (* 9. Oktober 1756 in , London-Bromley; † 24. September 1835 in London) war ein britischer Offizier und Politiker. Er war unter anderem Erster Lord der Admiralität. Im Jahr 1809 war er Befehlshaber der gescheiterten Walcheren-Expedition. Zuletzt war er Gouverneur von Gibraltar. (de)
  • John Pitt (9 octobre 1756, (en), Kent – 24 septembre 1835, Londres), 2e comte de Chatham, est un général et un pair britannique. (fr)
  • General John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham, also 2nd Viscount Pitt and 2nd Baron Chatham, KG, PC (9 October 1756 – 24 September 1835) was a British soldier and politician. He spent a lengthy period in the cabinet but is best known for commanding the disastrous Walcheren Campaign of 1809. Chatham was the eldest son of William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham. He was two and a half years older than his famous brother William Pitt the Younger, the future prime minister. After serving as a junior officer in the American War of Independence, he succeeded his father as Earl of Chatham in 1778. Politically he was a close supporter of his brother during the following decade, leading to his appointment as First Lord of the Admiralty in 1788. Despite overseeing the Royal Navy's victory at the Glorious First of June in 1794, he faced criticism for his handling of the Admiralty and was demoted to the comparatively unimportant post of Lord Privy Seal. Although he continued to serve in William's cabinet, the relationship between the two brothers never fully recovered after this point. After serving in the 1799 Helder Campaign, he was promoted to be Master General of the Ordnance in 1801. This became a key role in the next few years when a French invasion appeared imminent, and he helped oversee Britain's defences including the construction of a series of martello towers. He grew increasingly independent from his brother and did not resign from the cabinet when William Pitt left office in 1801. He held this post under Henry Addington and when his brother returned to office again in 1804. Following his brother's death in 1806, he briefly went into opposition against the Ministry of All the Talents before returning as Master General in the new Tory government of 1807. He also continued his military career, being promoted to lieutenant general and appointed to several commands in charge of home defence. Considered on at least two occasions as a possible Prime Minister, Chatham rejected these approaches due to poor health of his wife. He also turned down the prospect of commanding British troops in Portugal in 1808 at the beginning of the Peninsular War, a command that instead went to Arthur Wellesley. In 1809 he did accept command of an expedition to the island of Walcheren, as part of a plan to strike at a French fleet being assembled in nearby Antwerp. Despite overseeing the largest force Britain had despatched abroad during the war, the expedition became bogged down on the island and began suffering heavy casualty rates due to disease. Chatham was recalled and was subject to an inquiry that largely placed the blame on him. After a number of years in the political wilderness, in 1820 Chatham was made Governor of Gibraltar. Although Europe was at peace by this time, Gibraltar remained a key strategic post, and he oversaw improvements to the defences while also dealing with a difficult diplomatic relationship with neighbouring Spain which was going through a period of political turbulence. (en)
  • John Pitt, 2º conte di Chatham (Londra, 9 ottobre 1756 – Londra, 24 settembre 1835), fu il primogenito di William Pitt, I conte di Chatham ed il fratello maggiore di William Pitt il Giovane. Ebbe vari incarichi di governo alla fine del XVIII secolo ed all'inizio del XIX. Fu governatore di Gibilterra dal 1820 al 1835. Sposò Mary Townshend, figlia di Thomas Townshend, 1° visconte Sydney, il 10 luglio 1783. (it)
  • John Pitt, 2. hrabia Chatham KG (ur. 9 października 1756, zm. 24 września 1835 w Londynie) – brytyjski arystokrata, wojskowy i polityk, syn premiera Wielkiej Brytanii lorda Chathama i lady , córki Richarda Grenville’a, starszy brat kolejnego premiera, Williama Pitta Młodszego. Od 1766 r. nosił tytuł grzecznościowy "wicehrabiego Pitt". Po śmierci ojca w 1778 r. odziedziczył tytuł 2. hrabiego Chatham i zasiadł w Izbie Lordów. W 1788 r. został pierwszym lordem Admiralicji w gabinecie swojego brata. W latach 1794–1798 był Lordem Tajnej Pieczęci, w latach 1796–1801 Lordem Przewodniczącym Rady. W latach 1801–1806 i 1807–1810 był generałem artylerii. Po śmierci matki w 1803 r. został także 2. baronem Chatham. Był generałem armii brytyjskiej w okresie wojen napoleońskich. Karierę wojskową zaczynał w 1774 r. w szeregach 47 pułku piechoty. W 1778 r. został porucznikiem 39 pułku piechoty. W 1779 r. otrzymał rangę kapitana 86 pułku piechoty. W 1792 r. został podpułkownikiem 3 pułku pieszego gwardii. W 1799 r. został pułkownikiem 4 pułku piechoty. Rangę generała uzyskał w 1812 r. W 1809 r. dowodził nieudaną wyprawą do Belgii, gdzie wojska brytyjskie zostały zmuszone od odwrotu przez epidemię malarii. W latach 1805–1807 był gubernatorem Plymouth, a w latach 1820–1835 gubernatorem Gibraltaru. W 1790 r. został kawalerem Orderu Podwiązki. Od 1784 r. był członkiem Królewskiego Towarzystwa Starożytności. 10 lipca 1783 r. poślubił Mary Townshend (2 września 1762 – maj 1821), córkę Thomasa Townshenda, 1. wicehrabiego Sydney. Małżonkowie nie mieli razem dzieci. Wraz ze śmiercią Chathama w 1835 r. wygasły jego tytuły parowskie. (pl)
  • Джон Питт, 2-й граф Чатам (англ. John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham) — английский военный и государственный деятель, брат премьер-министра Великобритании Уильма Питта Младшего. (ru)
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  • 1756-10-09 (xsd:date)
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  • 1756-10-09 (xsd:date)
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  • Hayes, Kent, England (en)
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  • John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham (en)
  • after John Hoppner, 1799 (en)
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  • 0001-09-24 (xsd:gMonthDay)
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  • London, England (en)
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  • The Earl of Chatham (en)
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  • Extinct (en)
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  • 2 (xsd:integer)
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  • 1774 (xsd:integer)
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  • 1783 (xsd:integer)
  • 1821 (xsd:integer)
  • (en)
  • Hon. Mary Townshend (en)
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  • 1798-02-14 (xsd:date)
  • 1801-07-30 (xsd:date)
  • 1835-02-28 (xsd:date)
  • December 1794 (en)
  • February 1806 (en)
  • May 1810 (en)
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  • 1794-07-16 (xsd:date)
  • 1796-09-21 (xsd:date)
  • 1820-01-29 (xsd:date)
  • April 1807 (en)
  • July 1788 (en)
  • June 1801 (en)
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  • 1778 (xsd:integer)
  • 1788 (xsd:integer)
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  • John Pitt, 2. hrabě z Chathamu (anglicky John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham, 2nd Viscount Pitt, 2nd Baron Chatham) (9. října 1756 Londýn – 24. září 1835 Londýn), byl britský generál a státník. Pocházel z významné rodiny Pittů a byl starším bratrem dlouholetého premiéra Williama Pitta mladšího. Díky jeho vlivu dosáhl vysokého postavení a dvacet let zastával různé ministerské funkce, mimo jiné byl ministrem námořnictva (1788–1794) a (1801–1806 a 1807–1810). Teprve po bratrově smrti a neúspěchu vojenské operace u břehů Nizozemí odešel v roce 1810 do ústraní. (cs)
  • John Pitt, 2. Earl of Chatham (* 9. Oktober 1756 in , London-Bromley; † 24. September 1835 in London) war ein britischer Offizier und Politiker. Er war unter anderem Erster Lord der Admiralität. Im Jahr 1809 war er Befehlshaber der gescheiterten Walcheren-Expedition. Zuletzt war er Gouverneur von Gibraltar. (de)
  • John Pitt (9 octobre 1756, (en), Kent – 24 septembre 1835, Londres), 2e comte de Chatham, est un général et un pair britannique. (fr)
  • John Pitt, 2º conte di Chatham (Londra, 9 ottobre 1756 – Londra, 24 settembre 1835), fu il primogenito di William Pitt, I conte di Chatham ed il fratello maggiore di William Pitt il Giovane. Ebbe vari incarichi di governo alla fine del XVIII secolo ed all'inizio del XIX. Fu governatore di Gibilterra dal 1820 al 1835. Sposò Mary Townshend, figlia di Thomas Townshend, 1° visconte Sydney, il 10 luglio 1783. (it)
  • Джон Питт, 2-й граф Чатам (англ. John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham) — английский военный и государственный деятель, брат премьер-министра Великобритании Уильма Питта Младшего. (ru)
  • General John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham, also 2nd Viscount Pitt and 2nd Baron Chatham, KG, PC (9 October 1756 – 24 September 1835) was a British soldier and politician. He spent a lengthy period in the cabinet but is best known for commanding the disastrous Walcheren Campaign of 1809. (en)
  • John Pitt, 2. hrabia Chatham KG (ur. 9 października 1756, zm. 24 września 1835 w Londynie) – brytyjski arystokrata, wojskowy i polityk, syn premiera Wielkiej Brytanii lorda Chathama i lady , córki Richarda Grenville’a, starszy brat kolejnego premiera, Williama Pitta Młodszego. W latach 1805–1807 był gubernatorem Plymouth, a w latach 1820–1835 gubernatorem Gibraltaru. W 1790 r. został kawalerem Orderu Podwiązki. Od 1784 r. był członkiem Królewskiego Towarzystwa Starożytności. (pl)
rdfs:label
  • John Pitt, 2. hrabě z Chathamu (cs)
  • John Pitt, 2. Earl of Chatham (de)
  • John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham (en)
  • John Pitt (fr)
  • John Pitt, II conte di Chatham (it)
  • John Pitt (pl)
  • Питт, Джон, 2-й граф Четэм (ru)
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  • The Earl of Chatham (en)
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