1709 (MDCCIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1709th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 709th year of the 2nd millennium, the 9th year of the 18th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1700s decade. As of the start of 1709, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
July 8: Great Northern War: Peter the Great drives Swedish forces out of Russia permanently in the decisive Battle of Poltava
1709 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1709
MDCCIX
Ab urbe condita2462
Armenian calendar1158
ԹՎ ՌՃԾԸ
Assyrian calendar6459
Balinese saka calendar1630–1631
Bengali calendar1116
Berber calendar2659
British Regnal yearAnn. 1 – 8 Ann. 1
Buddhist calendar2253
Burmese calendar1071
Byzantine calendar7217–7218
Chinese calendar戊子年 (Earth Rat)
4406 or 4199
    — to —
己丑年 (Earth Ox)
4407 or 4200
Coptic calendar1425–1426
Discordian calendar2875
Ethiopian calendar1701–1702
Hebrew calendar5469–5470
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1765–1766
 - Shaka Samvat1630–1631
 - Kali Yuga4809–4810
Holocene calendar11709
Igbo calendar709–710
Iranian calendar1087–1088
Islamic calendar1120–1121
Japanese calendarHōei 6
(宝永6年)
Javanese calendar1632–1633
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4042
Minguo calendar203 before ROC
民前203年
Nanakshahi calendar241
Thai solar calendar2251–2252
Tibetan calendar阳土鼠年
(male Earth-Rat)
1835 or 1454 or 682
    — to —
阴土牛年
(female Earth-Ox)
1836 or 1455 or 683

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Friday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

Events

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January–March

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April–June

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July–December

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Date unknown

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Births

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Teresia Constantia Phillips born 2 January
 
Christian Gottlieb Ludwig born 30 April
 
Théodore Tronchin born 24 May
 
Johann Georg Gmelin born 8 August
 
Ludvig Harboe born 16 August
 
John Eardley Wilmot born 16 August
 
Jagat Singh II born 17 September
 
Samuel Johnson born 18 September

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Deaths

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References

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  1. ^ Pain, Stephanie. "1709: The year that Europe froze." New Scientist, 7 February 2009.
  2. ^ Mott, R. A. (5 January 1957). "The earliest use of coke for ironmaking". The Gas World, Coking Section Supplement. 145: 7–18.
  3. ^ Raistrick, Arthur (1953). Dynasty of Ironfounders: the Darbys and Coalbrookdale. London: Longmans, Green. p. 34.
  4. ^ a b c Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 292. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  5. ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  6. ^ Ober, Frederick A. (1912). Our West Indian Neighbors: the Islands of the Caribbean Sea. New York: James Pott & Company. p. 11.
  7. ^ Jackson, Michael H. (1993). Galapagos: a Natural History. University of Calgary Press. ISBN 1-895176-07-7.
  8. ^ John Tribbeko and George Ruperti, Lists of Germans from the Palatinate Who Came to England in 1709 (Clearfield, 1965) p.5
  9. ^ Gardiner, Juliet (1995). Wenborn, Neil (ed.). The History Today Companion to British History. London: Collins & Brown. p. 577. ISBN 1-85585-178-4.
  10. ^ Griffel, Margaret Ross (2018). Operas in German: A Dictionary. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 97. ISBN 978-1-4422-4797-0.
  11. ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 207–208. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  12. ^ Dean, Winton; and J. Merrill Knapp (1995), Handel's Operas, 1704–1726 (Revised edition). p. 128. Clarendon Press, Oxford. ISBN 0-19-816441-6.
  13. ^ "The History of Umbrellas". Oakthrift Corporation. Archived from the original on 2013-09-02. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
  14. ^ Majdalany, Fred (1959). The Red Rocks of Eddystone. London: Longmans. p. 86.
  15. ^ Wilmshurst, David (2019). "West Syrian patriarchs and maphrians". In Daniel King (ed.). The Syriac World. Routledge. p. 812.
  16. ^ "Thomas Corneille | French dramatist | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
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