Wikipedia

Franklin Medal

The Franklin Medal was a science award presented from 1915 until 1997 by the Franklin Institute located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. It was founded in 1914 by Samuel Insull.

The Franklin Medal, "founded in 1914 by Samuel Insull … awarded by the Franklin Institute for signal and eminent service in science"
Presentation of the first Franklin Medal in Philadelphia on May 19, 1915. Front row: Samuel Insull, Walton Clark, recipient Thomas Edison and his wife Mina Miller, Chevalier Van Rappard, accepting the award for Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. Back row: Robert Bowie Owens, John J. Carty, Frank J. Sprague, William Stanley, R. Tait McKenzie.
For other uses, see Benjamin Franklin Medal.

The Franklin Medal was the most prestigious of the various awards presented by the Franklin Institute.[1] Together with other historical awards, it was merged into the Benjamin Franklin Medal, initiated in 1998.[2]

Laureates

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Recipients are listed in a database on The Franklin Institute website.[2]

Year Country Recipient Discipline Notes
1915   United States Thomas Edison Engineering [3]
1915   Netherlands Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Physics
1916   United States John J. Carty Engineering
1916   United States Theodore William Richards Chemistry
1917   Netherlands Hendrik Lorentz Physics
1917   United States David W. Taylor Engineering
1918   Italy Guglielmo Marconi Engineering
1918   United States Thomas Corwin Mendenhall Physics
1919   Great Britain James Dewar Physics
1919   United States George Owen Squier Engineering
1920   Sweden Svante Arrhenius Chemistry
1920   Great Britain Charles Algernon Parsons Engineering
1921   France Charles Fabry Physics
1921   United States Frank J. Sprague Engineering
1921   Poland Ralph Modjeski Engineering
1922   Great Britain J. J. Thomson Physics
1923   France Gustave-Auguste Ferrié Engineering/Computer and Cognitive Science [4]
1923   United States Albert A. Michelson Physics
1924   Great Britain Ernest Rutherford Chemistry
1924   United States Edward Weston Engineering
1925   United States Elihu Thomson Engineering
1925   Netherlands Pieter Zeeman Physics
1926   Denmark Niels Bohr Physics
1926   United States Samuel Rea Engineering
1927   United States George Ellery Hale Physics
1927   Germany Max Planck Physics
1928   United States Charles F. Brush Engineering
1928   Germany Walther Nernst Chemistry
1929   United States Emile Berliner Engineering
1929   Great Britain Charles Thomson Rees Wilson Physics
1930   Great Britain William Henry Bragg Physics
1930   United States John Frank Stevens Engineering
1931   Great Britain James Hopwood Jeans Physics
1931   United States Willis R. Whitney Engineering
1932   Germany Philipp Lenard Physics
1932   United States Ambrose Swasey Engineering
1933   France Paul Sabatier Chemistry
1933   United States Orville Wright Engineering
1934   United States Irving Langmuir Chemistry
1934   United States Henry Norris Russell Physics
1935    Switzerland[a] Albert Einstein Physics
1935   Great Britain John Ambrose Fleming Engineering
1936   United States Frank B. Jewett Engineering
1936   United States Charles F. Kettering Engineering
1937   United States Peter Debye Chemistry
1937   United States Robert Andrews Millikan Physics
1938   United States William F. Durand Engineering
1938   United States Charles A. Kraus Chemistry
1939   United States Edwin Hubble Physics
1939   Belgium Albert Sauveur Engineering
1940   Belgium Leo Baekeland Engineering
1940   United States Arthur Compton Physics
1941   United States Edwin H. Armstrong Engineering
1941   India C. V. Raman Physics [6]
1942   United States Jerome Clarke Hunsaker Engineering
1942   United States Paul Dyer Merica Engineering [7]
1943   United States G. W. Pierce Engineering
1943   United States Harold Urey Physics
1944   United States William D. Coolidge Engineering
1944   Soviet Union Peter Kapitza Physics
1945   United States Harlow Shapley Physics
1946   United States Henry Clapp Sherman Life Science [8]
1946   Great Britain Henry Tizard Engineering [9]
1946   United States Enrico Fermi Physics [10]
1947   Great Britain Robert Robinson Chemistry [11]
1948   United States Wendell Meredith Stanley Life Science [12]
1948   United States Theodore von Kármán Engineering [13]
1949   Sweden Theodor Svedberg Life Science [14]
1950   United States Eugene Wigner Physics [15]
1951   Great Britain James Chadwick Physics [16]
1952   Austria Wolfgang Pauli Physics [17]
1953   United States William Francis Gibbs Engineering [18]
1954   Great Britain Kenneth Mees Engineering [19]
1955   Sweden Arne Tiselius Life Science [20]
1956   Great Britain Frank Whittle Engineering [21]
1957   Great Britain Hugh Stott Taylor Chemistry [22]
1958   United States Donald Wills Douglas Engineering [23]
1959   United States Hans Bethe Physics [24]
1960   United States Roger Adams Engineering [25]
1961   United States Detlev Bronk Life Science [26]
1962   Great Britain G. I. Taylor Life Science [27]
1963   United States Glenn T. Seaborg Physics [28]
1964   United States Gregory Breit Physics [29]
1965   United States Frederick Seitz Engineering [30]
1966   United States Britton Chance Life Science [31]
1967   United States Murray Gell-Mann Physics [32]
1968   United States Marshall Warren Nirenberg Life Science [33]
1969   United States John Archibald Wheeler Physics [34]
1970   Germany Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky Physics [35]
1971   Sweden Hannes Alfvén Physics [36]
1972   United States George Kistiakowsky Chemistry [37]
1973   United States Theodosius Dobzhansky Life Science [38]
1974   Soviet Union Nikolay Bogolyubov Physics [39]
1975   United States John Bardeen Physics [40]
1976   United States Mahlon Hoagland Life Science [41]
1977   United States Cyril M. Harris Engineering [42]
1978   United States Elias James Corey Chemistry [43]
1979   Great Britain G. Evelyn Hutchinson Life Science [44]
1980   United States Avram Goldstein Life Science [45]
1980   United States Lyman Spitzer Physics [46]
1981   Great Britain Stephen Hawking Physics [47]
1982   Argentina César Milstein Life Science [48]
1982   United States Kenneth G. Wilson Physics [49]
1984   United States Verner E. Suomi Engineering [50]
1985   United States George C. Pimentel Physics [51]
1986   United States Benoît Mandelbrot Physics [52]
1987   United States Stanley Cohen Life Science [53]
1988   United States Donald Knuth Computer and Cognitive Science [54]
1990   Great Britain Hugh Huxley Life Science [55]
1990   United States David Turnbull Physics [56]
1992   United States Frederick Reines Physics [57]
1995   Netherlands Gerard 't Hooft Physics [58]
1996   United States Richard Smalley Chemistry [59]
1997   Italy Mario Capecchi Life Science [60]
[61]

Notes

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  1. ^ Einstein acquired Swiss citizenship in 1901 and held it for the rest of his life. A German until shortly before emigrating to the United States and becoming affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton in 1933, he surrendered his passport and formally renounced his German citizenship on March 28 of that year, in response to Adolf Hitler's rise to power.[5] In 1935, he decided to remain in the U.S. permanently and became an American citizen in 1940.

References

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  1. ^ Flam, Faye (April 29, 1996). "Five to Get Franklin Institute Honors". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on September 22, 2015. Retrieved 2015-05-08.
  2. ^ a b "Laureates Search". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. Retrieved 2015-05-08.
  3. ^ "Thomas Alva Edison". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 14 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  4. ^ "Auguste G. Ferrie". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  5. ^ Isaacson, Walter (2007). Einstein: His Life and Universe. New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks. pp. 407–410. ISBN 978-0-7432-6473-0.
  6. ^ "Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  7. ^ "Paul Dyer Merica". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  8. ^ "Henry Clapp Sherman". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  9. ^ "Henry Thomas Tizard". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  10. ^ "Enrico Fermi". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  11. ^ "Robert Robinson". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  12. ^ "Wendell Meredith Stanley". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  13. ^ "Theodor Von Karman". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  14. ^ "The Svedberg". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  15. ^ "Eugene P. Wigner". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  16. ^ "James Chadwick". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  17. ^ "Wolfgang Pauli". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  18. ^ "William Francis Gibbs". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 14 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  19. ^ "Charles Edward Kenneth Mees". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  20. ^ "Arne Tiselius". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  21. ^ "Frank Whittle". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  22. ^ "Hugh Stott Taylor". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  23. ^ "Donald Wills Douglas". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  24. ^ "Hans Albrecht Bethe". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  25. ^ "Roger Adams". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 10 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  26. ^ "Detlev W. Bronk". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  27. ^ "Geoffrey Ingram Taylor". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  28. ^ "Glenn T. Seaborg". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  29. ^ "Gregory Breit". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  30. ^ "Frederick Seitz". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  31. ^ "Britton Chance". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  32. ^ "Murray Gell-Mann". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 2021-02-23. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  33. ^ "Marshall Warren Nirenberg". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  34. ^ "John Archibald Wheeler". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  35. ^ "Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  36. ^ "Hannes Alfven". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  37. ^ "George Kistiakowsky". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  38. ^ "Theodosius Grigorevich Dobzhansky". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  39. ^ "Nikolai Nikolaevich Bogoliubov". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  40. ^ "John Bardeen". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 14 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  41. ^ "Mahlon B. Hoagland". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  42. ^ "Cyril Manton Harris". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  43. ^ "Elias J. Corey". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  44. ^ "G. Evelyn Hutchinson". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  45. ^ "Avram Goldstein". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  46. ^ "Lyman Spitzer Jr". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  47. ^ "Stephen W. Hawking". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  48. ^ "Cesar Milstein". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  49. ^ "Kenneth Geddes Wilson". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  50. ^ "Verner E. Suomi". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  51. ^ "George Claude Pimentel". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  52. ^ "Benoît Mandelbrot". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  53. ^ "Stanley Cohen". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  54. ^ "Donald Ervin Knuth". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  55. ^ "Hugh E. Huxley". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  56. ^ "David Turnbull". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  57. ^ "Frederick Reines". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  58. ^ "Gerard 't Hooft". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  59. ^ "Richard E. Smalley". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  60. ^ "Mario Renato Capecchi". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  61. ^ "Nader Engheta". The Franklin Institute Awards. Franklin Institute. 18 January 2023. Retrieved 2023-01-28.
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