Virgaviridae is a family of positive-strand RNA viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts.[1][2][3][4] The name of the family is derived from the Latin word virga (rod), as all viruses in this family are rod-shaped. There are currently 59 species in this family, divided among seven genera.[2][3][5]
| Virgaviridae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) diagram and electron micrograph of virions | |
Virus classification 
| |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Kitrinoviricota |
| Class: | Alsuviricetes |
| Order: | Martellivirales |
| Family: | Virgaviridae |
| Genera | |
Structure
edit| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tobamovirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Non-Segmented |
| Furovirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
| Pecluvirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
| Hordeivirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
| Tobravirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
| Pomovirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
Life cycle
editViral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning, and suppression of termination. The virus exits the host cell by tripartite non-tubule guided viral movement, and monopartite non-tubule guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host.[2][3]
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tobamovirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical |
| Furovirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: fungus |
| Pecluvirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: fungus. Mechanical contact; seed |
| Hordeivirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical: contact; seed |
| Tobravirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: nematodes |
| Pomovirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: fungus |
Taxonomy
editViruses include in the family Virgaviridae are characterized by unique alpha-like replication proteins.[citation needed]
The following genera are recognized:[citation needed]
References
edit- ^ Adams, Michael J.; Adkins, Scott; Bragard, Claude; Gilmer, David; Li, Dawei; MacFarlane, Stuart A.; Wong, Sek-Man; Melcher, Ulrich; Ratti, Claudio; Ryu, Ki Hyun (1 August 2017). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Virgaviridae". Journal of General Virology. 98 (8): 1999–2000. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000884. PMC 5656781. PMID 28786782.
- ^ a b c "ICTV Report Virgaviridae".
- ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ^ Adams MJ, Antoniw JF, Kreuze J (2009) Virgaviridae: a new family of rod-shaped plant viruses. Arch Virol 154(12):1967–1972
- ^ ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2015 Release". Retrieved 4 June 2016.