agriculture

English

Wikiversity

Etymology

From Middle English agriculture, partly from Middle French agriculture and partly from its etymon Latin agricultūra, from ager (“field”) + cultūra (“cultivation”). See acre and culture.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌltʃə/

• Audio (UK):

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌlt͡ʃɚ/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• (Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈeɪɡɹɪˌkʌlt͡ʃɚ/

Noun

agriculture (countable and uncountable, plural agricultures)

2. The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of livestock.

Derived terms

• agribusiness
• agriculturer
• agriculturism
• agriculturize
• agrihood
• agritainment
• antiagriculture
• astroagriculture
• hydroagriculture
• intensive agriculture
• permaculture
• petroculture
• plasticulture
• postagriculture
• preagriculture
• precision agriculture
• vegeculture

 

Related terms

• agricultural
• agriculturist
• agroponics
• terraponics

 

Translations

the art or science of cultivating the ground

• Afrikaans: landbou (af)
• Albanian: agrikulturë f
• Amharic: የርሻ ተግባር (yärša tägbar)
• Arabic: زِرَاعَة f (zirāʕa), فِلَاحَة f (filāḥa)

  Egyptian Arabic: زراعة f (zerāʕa)

• Armenian: գյուղատնտեսություն (hy) (gyuġatntesutʻyun)
• Asturian: agricultura f
• Aymara: yapuchawi
• Azerbaijani: kənd təsərrüfatı, əkinçilik
• Bambara: sɛnɛkɛ
• Banyumasan: ꦥꦼꦂꦠꦤꦶꦲꦤ꧀ (pertanian)
• Bashkir: ауыл хужалығы (awıl xujalığı)
• Basque: nekazaritza (eu)
• Belarusian: се́льская гаспада́рка f (sjélʹskaja haspadárka), земляро́бства n (zjemljaróbstva), агракульту́ра f (ahrakulʹtúra), фе́рмерства n (fjérmjerstva)
• Bengali: কৃষিকার্য (bn) (kriśikarjo), কৃষি (bn) (kriśi), খেতি (bn) (kheti), জেরাত (bn) (jerat)
• Bikol Central: pag-ooma
• Bole: mara
• Bulgarian: се́лско стопа́нство n (sélsko stopánstvo), земеде́лие (bg) n (zemedélie), агрикулту́ра (bg) f (agrikultúra)
• Burmese: စိုက်ပျိုးရေး (my) (cuikpyui:re:)
• Carpathian Rusyn: польногоспода́рство n (polʹnohospodárstvo)
• Catalan: agricultura (ca) f
• Cherokee: ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ (digalogodi)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 農業／农业 (nung⁴ jip⁶), 農事／农事 (nung⁴ si⁶)

  Dungan: щёнҗяхў (xi͡onži͡ahw)

  Hakka: 農業／农业 (nùng-ngia̍p)

  Hokkien: 農業／农业 (zh-min-nan) (lông-gia̍p)

  Mandarin: 農業／农业 (zh) (nóngyè), 農事／农事 (zh) (nóngshì)

  Wu: 農業／农业 (⁶non-gniq)

• Chuvash: ял хуҫалӑхӗ (jal h̬uś̬alăh̬ĕ)
• Coptic: ⲙⲉⲛⲧⲟⲩⲱⲓ f (mentouōi)
• Czech: zemědělství (cs) n
• Danish: landbrug (da) n, jordbrug (da) n
• Dutch: landbouw (nl) f, agricultuur (nl) f
• Esperanto: agrikulturo, terkulturo (eo)
• Estonian: põllumajandus
• Farefare: kʋa
• Faroese: landbúnaður m, jarðarbrúk n
• Finnish: maanviljely (fi)
• French: agriculture (fr) f
• Gagauz: ekincilik
• Galician: agricultura (gl) f
• Georgian: სოფლის მეურნეობა (soplis meurneoba), სასოფლო-სამეურნეო საქმიანობა (sasoplo-sameurneo sakmianoba), მიწათმოქმედება (mic̣atmokmedeba), აგრიკულტურა (agriḳulṭura)
• German: Landwirtschaft (de) f, Ackerbau (de) m, Agrikultur (de) f, Agrarwirtschaft (de) f
• Greek: γεωργία (el) f (georgía)

  Ancient: γεωργία f (geōrgía)

• Greenlandic: nunaateqarneq
• Guaraní: ñemitỹ
• Hausa: noma (ha)
• Hebrew: חַקְלָאוּת (he) f (khakla'út)
• Hindi: कृषि (hi) f (kŕṣi), खेती (hi) f (khetī), कृषिकर्म (hi) m (kŕṣikarm)
• Hungarian: mezőgazdaság (hu)
• Icelandic: landbúnaður (is) m, jarðyrkja (is) f, akuryrkja (is) f
• Ido: agrokultivo (io)
• Indonesian: pertanian (id), agrikultura
• Inuktitut: ᐱᕈᕐᓰᓂᖅ ᓂᐅᕐᕈᑎᒃᓴᓕᐊᕆᓪᓗᒋᑦ (pirorsiiniq niorrotiksaliarillocit)
• Irish: talmhaíocht f
• Italian: agricoltura (it) f
• Japanese: 農業 (ja) (のうぎょう, nōgyō), 農事 (ja) (のうじ, nōji)
• Javanese: ꦠꦼꦠꦤꦺꦤ꧀ (jv) (tetanèn), ꦥꦼꦂꦠꦤꦶꦲꦤ꧀ (pertanian)
• Kazakh: ауыл шаруашылығы (kk) (auyl şaruaşylyğy)
• Khmer: កសិកម្ម (km) (kaʼsekam)
• Korean: 농업(農業) (ko) (nong'eop), 농사(農事) (ko) (nongsa)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: کشتوکاڵ (ckb) (kiştukall)

  Northern Kurdish: çandinî (ku), zîreet (ku)

• Kyrgyz: айыл чарба (ky) (ayıl carba), айыл чарбасы (ky) (ayıl carbası)
• Lao: ກະສິກຳ (lo) (ka si kam)
• Latin: agricultūra f
• Latvian: lauksaimniecība f, zemkopība f
• Lezgi: хуьруьн майишат (χürün majišat)
• Lithuanian: žemės ūkis m, žemdirbystė f
• Macedonian: земјоделство (mk) n (zemjodelstvo), полјоделство n (poljodelstvo), агрикулту́ра f (agrikultúra)
• Malay: pertanian (ms)
• Malayalam: കൃഷി (ml) (kr̥ṣi)
• Maltese: agrikoltura f
• Maori: ahuwhenua
• Mauritian Creole: lagrikiltir
• Mokilese: doadoahk in japw
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: хөдөө аж ахуй (xödöö až axuj)

• Nahuatl: mīllahcayōtl
• Norman: agritchultuthe f (Jersey), agritchulteure f (continental Normandy)
• North Marquesan: faʻaʻapu
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: landbruk (no) n, jordbruk (no) n

  Nynorsk: landbruk n, jordbruk n

• Occitan: agricultura (oc) f
• Odia: କୃଷି (or) (krushi)
• Oromo: qonnaa
• Ottoman Turkish: چفتجیلك (çiftcilik), زراعت (ziraat)
• Pali: kasikamma
• Pashto: کرنه f (karᶕna), زراعت (ps) m (zərā'at), فلاحت m (falāhat)
• Persian:

  Iranian Persian: کِشاوَرْزی (fa) (kešâvarzi), زِراعَت (fa) (zerâ'at), فَلاحَت (fa) (falâhat), حِراثَت (fa) (herâsat), دِهْقانی (fa) (dehğâni)

• Polish: rolnictwo (pl) n
• Portuguese: agricultura (pt) f
• Punjabi: ਖੇਤੀਬਾੜੀ f (khetībāṛī)
• Quechua: allpa llamk'ay
• Romanian: agricultură (ro) f
• Russian: се́льское хозя́йство (ru) n (sélʹskoje xozjájstvo), земле́делие (ru) n (zemlédelije), агрокульту́ра (ru) f (agrokulʹtúra), фе́рмерство (ru) n (férmerstvo) (farming), агрикульту́ра (ru) f (agrikulʹtúra)
• Sanskrit: कृषिकर्मन् (sa) n (kṛṣikarman), कृषि (sa) f (kṛṣi)
• Scots: agricultur
• Scottish Gaelic: àiteachas m, tuathanachas m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пољопрѝвреда f, рата́рство n, земљора́дња f, пољоде́лство n (Ekavian), пољодје́лство n (Ijekavian), агрикулту́ра f

  Roman: poljoprìvreda (sh) f, ratárstvo (sh) n, zemljorádnja (sh) f, poljodélstvo n (Ekavian), poljodjélstvo (sh) n (Ijekavian), agrikultúra (sh) f

• Shona: kurima
• Sicilian: agricurtura f
• Silesian: bauerstwo n
• Sinhalese: කෘෂිකර්මය (kr̥ṣikarmaya)
• Slovak: poľnohospodárstvo n, agrikultura f
• Slovene: poljedelstvo (sl), agrikultura (sl) f, kmetijstvo (sl) n
• Somali: beeraha
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: rolnistwo n

  Upper Sorbian: ratarstwo n

• Sotho: temo
• Spanish: agricultura (es) f
• Sundanese: ᮒᮒᮔᮦᮔ᮪ (tatanén)
• Swahili: kilimo (sw)
• Swedish: jordbruk (sv) n
• Tagalog: agrikultura (tl)
• Tajik: кишоварзӣ (tg) (kišovarzi), зироат (ziroat), фалоҳат (falohat), деҳқонӣ (tg) (dehqoni), хоҷагии қишлоқ (xojagi-yi qišloq)
• Tatar: авыл хуҗалыгы (awıl xucalığı)
• Telugu: వ్యవసాయం (te) (vyavasāyaṁ)
• Thai: เกษตรกรรม (th) (gà-sèet-dtrà-gam), กสิกรรม (th) (gà-sì-gam)
• Tibetan: སོ་ནམ། (so nam)
• Tigrinya: ሕርሻ (ḥərša)
• Tumbuka: ulimi
• Turkish: tarım (tr), ekincilik (tr), ziraat (tr)
• Turkmen: ekerançylyk, oba hojalygy
• Ukrainian: сільське́ господа́рство n (silʹsʹké hospodárstvo), землеро́бство n (zemleróbstvo), агрикульту́ра (uk) f (ahrykulʹtúra), фе́рмерство n (férmerstvo)
• Urdu: زِرَاعَت f (zirā'at), کاشْت کاری f (kāśt kārī), فَلاحَت f (falāhat), حِراثَت f (hirāsat)
• Uyghur: يېزا ئىكىلىكى (yëza ikiliki)
• Uzbek: qishloq xoʻjaligi, ziroat (uz)
• Vietnamese: nông nghiệp (vi) (農業)
• Voro: põllumajandus
• Waray-Waray: pag-uma
• Welsh: amaethyddiaeth (cy) f
• Yiddish: לאַנדווירטשאַפֿט (landvirtshaft), אַגריקולטור f (agrikultur)

See also

• tillage
• husbandry
• farming

French

Etymology

From agri- +‎ culture, or borrowed from Latin agricultūra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ɡʁi.kyl.tyʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

agriculture f (plural agricultures)

1. agriculture

Derived terms

• agriculture de subsistance

Related terms

• agricole
• agriculteur
• agro-
• agronomie

 

Descendants

• Haitian Creole: agrikilti

Further reading

• “agriculture”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• agriculteur

Middle French

Noun

agriculture f (uncountable)

1. agriculture