Bolivia–Denmark relations
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Bolivia–Denmark relations refers to bilateral relations between Bolivia and Denmark. Bolivia is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.[1] Denmark is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Bogotá, Colombia.[2]
History
[edit]Diplomatic relations were established on 28 February 1930.[3] On 9 November 1931, a commercial treaty was signed, to further develop commercial relations between Bolivia and Denmark.[4][5] In 1974, an agreement on a Danish loan to Bolivia was signed.[6] In 1977, another agreement on a loan to Bolivia was signed.[7] In August 2000, Bolivia and Denmark signed a Mining–Environment accord, an agreement to reduce the environmental and social effects in some Bolivian towns. Denmark is assisting Bolivia with $1.54 million for the agreement.[8]
In 2006, when the Bolivian President Evo Morales ordered the Bolivian gas resources to be nationalized, the Danish Development Minister Ulla Tørnæs threatened to stop the assistance, because it is not compatible with the Danish development assistance.[9] In December 2009, Bolivian President Evo Morales visited Denmark for the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference.[10] After the conference, Bolivia accused the United States and Denmark for cutting the aid to Bolivia because of their opposition to the Copenhagen Accord.[11] In 2009, when Morales tried to lift a ban on coca in the United Nations treaty Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, Denmark with some other countries opposed the idea.[12]
Bolivia was chosen as a programme country for Denmark in 1994, because Bolivia was the poorest country in South America. Denmark started assisting Bolivia with diaries. Because of the political situation in Bolivia, Denmark suspended the assistance in 1980. In 1993 the cooperation resumed.[13] Danish development assistance to Bolivia focuses on democracy, human rights, agriculture, education and environment.[13] In 2005, DANIDA cut the aid from 200 million to 150 million because of the social problems in Bolivia.[14] In 2010, after 13 years of cooperation, the assistance for indigenous people ended.[15]
Trade
[edit]In 2008, Danish exports to Bolivia amounted 51 million DKK, and Bolivian exports amounted 6 million DKK.[16]
Further reading
[edit]- Bolivia — Denmark Partnership. Minister of Foreign Affairs (Denmark). 2005. ISBN 87-7667-265-4.
- Udenrigsministeriet (May 1997). Bolivia — Landestrategi for Bolivia (PDF) (in Danish). DANIDA. p. 32. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-15. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Diplomatic list in Copenhagen (page 44)". Archived from the original on 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2019-06-11.
- ^ "Embassy of Denmark in Colombia". Archived from the original on 2022-01-23. Retrieved 2022-03-27.
- ^ Manley Ottmer Hudson (1934). World Court reports: a collection of the judgments, orders and opinions of the Permanent Court of International Justice. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
- ^ League of Nations (1934). Treaty series: publication of treaties and international engagements registered with the Secretariat of the League, 146–147. University of Michigan. p. 29. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
... and His Excellency the President of the Republic of Bolivia, being equally desirous of furthering the development of commercial relations between Denmark and Bolivia, have decided to conclude a Commercial Treaty with this object
- ^ Sijthoff (1931). Publications of the Permanent Court of International Justice: Annual report 8. University of Wisconsin. p. 67. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ "Agreement on a Danish Government Loan to Bolivia" (PDF). United Nations (13682). United Nations Treaty Series: 6. 10 July 1974. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ "Agreement on a Danish Government Loan to Bolivia" (PDF). United Nations (16043). United Nations Treaty Series: 7. 24 February 1977. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ "Bolivia, Denmark to Sign Mining-Environ. Accord". Business News America. 23 August 2000. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ "Truer med at stoppe bistand til Bolivia". DR. 11 May 2006. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ "Bolivian President Evo Morales at COP15 Summit". Demotix. 16 December 2009. Archived from the original on 2011-10-06. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ Alister Doyle and Gerard Wynn (10 April 2010). "U.S., Denmark cut climate aid after summit: Bolivia". Reuters. Reuters. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ "U.S. anti-Morales proposal to legalize coca chewing". M24 Digital. 19 January 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-02-13. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ a b Government of Denmark. "Danish udviklingsssamarbejde med Bolivia" (in Danish). Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ "Danida skærer i bistanden til Bolivia". Ulandsnyt.dk. 24 April 2005. Archived from the original on 2012-03-18. Retrieved 8 April 2011.
- ^ Government of Denmark. "Oprindelige folk" (in Danish). Archived from the original on 2011-08-24. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ Government of Denmark. "Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Facts about Bolivia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark) (in Danish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark). Archived from the original on 2011-01-22. Retrieved 8 April 2011.
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