Borderlands Poles
Kresowiacy (Polish) | |
|---|---|
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Poland, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine | |
| Languages | |
| Polish (standard dialect, Northern Borderlands dialect, Southern Borderlands dialect), others | |
| Religion | |
| Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Poles, Bug River Poles |
The Borderlands Poles,[a] also known as the Borderlands groups,[b] is a term for the collection of the ethnographic groups of Polish people from the area of the Eastern Borderlands, an area to the east of modern borders of Poland, within the modern territory of Belarus, Lithuania, Ukraine. They are mostly descendants of Masovians, and to lesser extend, Lesser Poland people, who colonized the area across centuries.[1] The groups aren't directly connected, having different origins, and developing separately. However, they are categorized together, due to the shared factor of devolving on the eastern boundaries of Polish population, influenced by the other ethnic groups located to the east.[2] In the aftermath of World War II, they were displaced from the Soviet Union to Poland, mostly in the first repatriation of 1944–1946, and later in the second repatriation of 1955–1959.[3][4] As such, they, and their descendants, now live across Poland. Such people are also known as the Bug River Poles.[c][5][6]
Groups
[edit]There are several ethnographic groups categorized as part of the Borderlands groups. However, there is not one agreed upon list. Groups included in the list by various ethnographers include: Bug River Podlachians, Chełm group, Hrubieszovians, Lviv–Ternopil group, Podlachians, Przemyśl group, Valley people, Uplanders, and Vilnius group.[1][7][8]
Formerly, some ethnographers, such as Jan Stanisław Bystroń, also included Lublinians and Rzeszovians, however, others, such as Janusz Kamocki, basing the research by Jan Natanson-Leski, state that they are instead the indigenous populations in the area.[2][9]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Janusz Kamocki: Zarys grup etnograficznych w Polsce. In: Polskie Towarzystwo Turystyczno-Krajoznawcze: Ziemia 1965 – Prace i materiały krajoznawcze. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Sport i Turystyka, 1966, p. 112.
- ^ a b Jan Stanisław Bystroń: Ugrupowanie etniczne ludu polskiego. Kraków: Orbis, 1925, p. 17.
- ^ Norman Davies, God's Playground, Chapters XX-XXI, ISBN 83-240-0654-0, ZNAK 2006
- ^ Jerzy Kochanowski (2001). "Gathering Poles into Poland. Forced Migration from Poland's Former Eastern Territories". In Philipp Ther; Ana Siljak (eds.). Redrawing Nations: Ethnic Cleansing in East-Central Europe, 1944–1948. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 135–154. ISBN 978-0-7425-1094-4. Archived from the original on 2022-05-18. Retrieved 2020-10-19.
- ^ "Zabużanin". wsjp.pl (in Polish).
- ^ Józef Forystek. "NOWE KRZYWDY ZABUŻAN – AKTUALNE PROBLEMY ORZECZNICTWA". palestra.pl (in Polish).
- ^ Grzegorz Odoj, Andrzej Peć: Dziedzictwo kulturowe – edukacja regionalna. Dzierżoniów. Wydawnictwo Alex, 2000, p. 71. ISBN 83-85589-35-X.
- ^ Jan Stanisław Bystroń: Wstęp do ludoznawstwa polskiego. Lwów 1939 p. 120-121.
- ^ Janusz Kamocki: Zarys grup etnograficznych w Polsce. In: Polskie Towarzystwo Turystyczno-Krajoznawcze: Ziemia 1965 – Prace i materiały krajoznawcze. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Sport i Turystyka, 1966, p. 108.