Jump to content

Keighley and Ilkley (UK Parliament constituency)

Coordinates: 53°53′46″N 1°50′17″W / 53.896°N 1.838°W / 53.896; -1.838
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Keighley and Ilkley
County constituency
for the House of Commons
Map
Interative map of boundaries since 1983
Map of constituency
Boundary within Yorkshire and the Humber
CountyWest Yorkshire
Electorate73,384 (December 2019)[1]
Major settlementsKeighley, Ilkley, Haworth
Current constituency
Created1885
Member of ParliamentRobbie Moore (Conservative Party)
SeatsOne
Created fromNorthern West Riding of Yorkshire

Keighley and Ilkley /ˈkθli/ is a constituency in West Yorkshire[n 1] created in 1885 represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament[n 2] since 2019 by Robbie Moore of the Conservative Party.

Since 1959, the seat has been a bellwether (its winner affiliated to the winning party nationally), with three exceptions: in 1979 and 2017, the seat leant to the left, bucking the national result, while in 2024, the seat was held by the Conservatives despite a landslide victory for the Labour party nationally.

Keighley is one of 9 seats won (held or gained) by a Conservative candidate in 2019 from a total of 22 covering its county. Moore's 2019 win was one of 47 net gains by the Conservative Party.

The seat has been considered – relative to others – a marginal seat, as well as a swing seat, since 2005, as its winner's majority has not exceeded 6.2% of the vote since the 10.5% majority won in 2005, and the seat has changed hands three times since that year.

Prior to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies the constituency was known as Keighley (until the 2024 United Kingdom general election).[2][3]

Boundaries

[edit]

1885–1918: The parishes in the Wapentake of Staincliffe and Ewecross of Cowling, Glusburn, Keighley, Steeton with Eastburn, and Sutton, and the parishes of Haworth, Thornton, and Wilsden.

1918–1950: The Municipal Borough of Keighley, the Urban Districts of Denholme, Haworth, Oakworth, Oxenhope, and Silsden, and the Rural District of Keighley.

1950–1983: The Municipal Borough of Keighley, the Urban Districts of Denholme and Silsden, and in the Rural District of Skipton the parishes of Steeton with Eastburn, and Sutton.

1983–2010: The City of Bradford wards of Craven, Ilkley, Keighley North, Keighley South, Keighley West, and Worth Valley.

2010–present: The City of Bradford wards of Craven, Ilkley, Keighley Central, Keighley East, Keighley West, and Worth Valley.

The constituency boundaries remained unchanged.

Unlike many constituencies, Keighley was unaffected by the boundary changes for the 2010 or 2024 general elections; indeed its boundaries have remained unchanged since the 1983 redistribution.

Constituency profile

[edit]

This constituency covers the town and outskirts of Keighley in West Yorkshire. It comprises the mostly Labour voting area of Keighley itself, the Conservative voting spa town of Ilkley, and the rural areas of Craven and Worth Valley which are also mostly Conservative voting. The seat has a large minority with Asian heritage, especially from Pakistan and Bangladesh.[4] The seat is also a semi-reliable bellwether of the national result; it has voted for the party to form the government in every election since the Second World War except the 1951, 1955, 1979 and 2017 elections, in which it elected Labour MPs despite the Conservatives forming the government, and in the 2024 election when it elected a Conservative MP despite Labour forming the government.

Electoral Calculus categorises the seat as being part of the “Centrists” demographic, those who generally have average opinions on the economy, nationalism and social issues. Other metrics include support for Brexit, which was 53% back in 2016, and deprivation, in terms of employment, income and education, which is 51%, according to the site. For general statistics, the average age is 51.4, at least 78% of the local population owns a car, whilst 72% own a home, and the gross household income is £40,635.[5]

Members of Parliament

[edit]

Since the 1950s, Keighley has been a marginal seat between Labour and the Conservatives. The MP from 1997 was Labour's Ann Cryer, widow of Bob Cryer who was MP for the same seat from 1974 to 1983 (and then for Bradford South, 1987–1994). She retired at the 2010 general election.

John Brigg
Election Member[6] Party
1885 Sir Isaac Holden Liberal
1895 John Brigg Liberal
1911 Stanley Buckmaster Liberal
1915 Swire Smith Liberal
1918 William Somervell Liberal
1918 Robert Clough Unionist
1922 Hastings Lees-Smith Labour
1923 Robert Pilkington Liberal
1924 Hastings Lees-Smith Labour
1931 George Harvie-Watt Conservative
1935 Hastings Lees-Smith Labour
1942 Ivor Bulmer-Thomas Labour
1948 Conservative
1950 Charles Hobson Labour
1959 Marcus Worsley Conservative
1964 John Binns Labour
1970 Joan Hall Conservative
1974 Bob Cryer Labour
1983 Gary Waller Conservative
1997 Ann Cryer Labour
2010 Kris Hopkins Conservative
2017 John Grogan Labour
2019 Robbie Moore Conservative

Elections

[edit]

Elections in the 2020s

[edit]
General election 2024: Keighley and Ilkley[7][8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Robbie Moore 18,589 40.3 −7.9
Labour John Grogan 16,964 36.7 −7.2
Reform UK Andrew Mark Judson 4,782 10.4 +8.8
Green John Wood 2,447 5.3 N/A
Independent Vaz Shabir 2,036 4.4 N/A
Liberal Democrats Chris Adams 970 2.1 −2.8
Yorkshire Dominic James Atlas 389 0.8 −0.4
Majority 1,625 3.6 −0.6
Turnout 46,177 62.1 −10.0
Registered electors 74,367
Conservative hold Swing Decrease0.3

Elections in the 2010s

[edit]
General election 2019: Keighley[9][10][11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Robbie Moore 25,298 48.1 +2.0
Labour John Grogan 23,080 43.9 ―2.6
Liberal Democrats Tom Franks 2,573 4.9 +2.5
Brexit Party Waqas Ali Khan 850 1.6 N/A
Yorkshire Mark Barton 667 1.3 N/A
SDP Matthew Rose 132 0.3 N/A
Majority 2,218 4.2 N/A
Turnout 52,600 72.3 ―0.1
Conservative gain from Labour Swing +2.3
General election 2017: Keighley[12][13][14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour John Grogan 24,056 46.5 +8.4
Conservative Kris Hopkins 23,817 46.1 +1.8
UKIP Paul Latham 1,291 2.5 ―9.0
Liberal Democrats Matt Walker 1,226 2.4 ―0.3
Green Ros Brown 790 1.5 ―1.9
Independent David Crabtree 534 1.0 N/A
Majority 239 0.4 N/A
Turnout 51,714 72.4 +1.1
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +3.3
General election 2015: Keighley[15][16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Kris Hopkins 21,766 44.3 +2.4
Labour John Grogan 18,713 38.1 +2.3
UKIP Paul Latham 5,662 11.5 +8.4
Green Ros Brown 1,661 3.4 N/A
Liberal Democrats Gareth Epps 1,321 2.7 ―12.1
Majority {{{votes}}} 6.2 +0.1
Turnout 49,123 71.3 ―1.1
Conservative hold Swing 0.0
General election 2010: Keighley[17][18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Kris Hopkins 20,003 41.9 +7.6
Labour Jane Thomas 17,063 35.8 ―8.9
Liberal Democrats Nader Fekri 7,059 14.8 +3.0
BNP Andrew Brons 1,962 4.1 ―5.1
UKIP Paul Latham 1,470 3.1 N/A
National Front Steven Smith 135 0.3 N/A
Majority 2,940 6.1 N/A
Turnout 47,962 72.4 +4.5
Conservative gain from Labour Swing +8.3

Elections in the 2000s

[edit]
General election 2005: Keighley[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ann Cryer 20,720 44.7 ―3.5
Conservative Karl Poulsen 15,868 34.3 ―4.7
Liberal Democrats Nader Fekri 5,484 11.8 +0.9
BNP Nick Griffin 4,240 9.2 N/A
Majority 4,852 10.4 +1.2
Turnout 46,312 67.9 +4.5
Labour hold Swing +0.6
General election 2001: Keighley[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ann Cryer 20,888 48.2 ―2.4
Conservative Simon Cooke 16,883 39.0 +2.3
Liberal Democrats Mike Doyle 4,722 10.9 +1.1
UKIP Michael Cassidy 840 1.9 N/A
Majority 4,005 9.2 ―4.7
Turnout 43,333 63.4 ―13.2
Labour hold Swing ―2.3

Elections in the 1990s

[edit]
General election 1997: Keighley[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ann Cryer 26,039 50.6 +9.8
Conservative Gary Waller 18,907 36.7 ―10.7
Liberal Democrats Mike Doyle 5,064 9.8 ―0.8
Referendum Colin Carpenter 1,470 2.9 N/A
Majority 7,132 13.9 N/A
Turnout 50,010 76.6 ―6.0
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +10.2
General election 1992: Keighley[22][23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Gary Waller 25,983 47.4 +1.6
Labour Tommy B. Flanagan 22,387 40.8 +5.8
Liberal Democrats Ian N. Simpson 5,793 10.6 ―8.6
Green Mike Crowson 642 1.2 N/A
Majority 3,596 6.6 ―4.2
Turnout 54,805 82.6 +3.2
Conservative hold Swing ―2.1

Elections in the 1980s

[edit]
General election 1987: Keighley[24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Gary Waller 23,903 45.8 +3.2
Labour Alan Rye 18,297 35.0 ―2.0
Liberal John Wells 10,041 19.2 ―0.6
Majority 5,606 10.8 +5.2
Turnout 52,243 79.4 +0.5
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1983: Keighley[25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Gary Waller 21,370 42.6
Labour Bob Cryer 18,596 37.0
Liberal John Wells 9,951 19.8
Ecology Michael Penney 302 0.6
Majority 2,774 5.6 N/A
Turnout 50,216 78.9
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1970s

[edit]
General election 1979: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bob Cryer 19,698 44.95 Decrease 0.63
Conservative G. Dawson 19,620 44.77 Increase 6.37
Liberal Margaretta Holmstedt 4,062 9.27 Decrease 4.33
National Front R. L. Fairey 234 0.53 Decrease 1.47
Ecology J. Wade 208 0.47 N/A
Majority 78 0.18 Decrease 7.00
Turnout 43,819 80.51 Decrease 2.47
Labour hold Swing
General election October 1974: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bob Cryer 19,569 45.58
Conservative Cyril Taylor 16,488 38.40
Liberal Margaretta Holmstedt 5,839 13.60
National Front G. Wright 859 2.00 N/A
More Prosperous Britain C. W. Deakin 179 0.42 N/A
Majority 3,081 7.18
Turnout 42,935 82.98
Labour hold Swing
General election February 1974: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bob Cryer 18,595 41.81
Conservative Joan Hall 17,717 39.83
Liberal Wilfred Whittaker 7,820 17.58 N/A
Social Democrat John Binns 348 0.78 N/A
Majority 878 1.98 N/A
Turnout 44,480 86.79
Labour gain from Conservative Swing
General election 1970: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Joan Hall 20,957 50.75
Labour John Binns 20,341 49.25
Majority 616 1.50 N/A
Turnout 41,298 80.66
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1960s

[edit]
General election 1966: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour John Binns 22,039 55.01
Conservative John George Bellak 18,027 44.99
Majority 4,012 10.02
Turnout 40,066 83.46
Labour hold Swing
General election 1964: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour John Binns 17,816 42.97
Conservative Marcus Worsley 15,115 36.46
Liberal William E. Jones 8,529 20.57 N/A
Majority 2,701 6.51 N/A
Turnout 30,874 61.32
Labour gain from Conservative Swing

Elections in the 1950s

[edit]
General election 1959: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Marcus Worsley 20,626 50.21
Labour Charles Hobson 20,456 49.79
Majority 170 0.42 N/A
Turnout 41,082 85.62
Conservative gain from Labour Swing
General election 1955: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Charles Hobson 19,414 46.52
Conservative Marcus Worsley 16,011 38.36
Liberal Ashley Mitchell 6,310 15.12 N/A
Majority 3,403 8.16
Turnout 41,735 83.89
Labour hold Swing
General election 1951: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Charles Hobson 23,743 52.72
Conservative Kenneth Hargreaves 21,295 47.28
Majority 2,448 5.44
Turnout 45,038 87.51
Labour hold Swing
General election 1950: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Charles Hobson 21,833 48.47
Conservative Kenneth Hargreaves 16,252 36.08
Liberal John G. Walker 6,962 15.45
Majority 5,581 12.39
Turnout 45,097 88.13
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

[edit]
1945 general election: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ivor Thomas 22,222 52.7 +2.2
Conservative Henry Dalrymple-White 10,865 25.7 −23.8
Liberal Norman Robson 9,116 21.6 N/A
Majority 11,357 27.0 +26.0
Turnout 42,203 82.3 +3.4
Labour hold Swing
1942 Keighley by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ivor Thomas Unopposed N/A N/A
Labour hold Swing N/A

General Election 1939–40:

Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected:

Elections in the 1930s

[edit]
General election 1935: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hastings Lees-Smith 20,124 50.5 +18.6
Conservative George Harvie-Watt 19,756 49.5 +3.3
Majority 368 1.0 N/A
Turnout 39,880 78.9 −5.0
Labour gain from Conservative Swing
General election 1931: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Harvie-Watt 19,079 46.2 +19.8
Labour Hastings Lees-Smith 13,192 31.9 −12.8
Liberal William John Crossland Briggs 9,044 21.9 −7.0
Majority 5,887 14.3 N/A
Turnout 41,315 83.9 −1.0
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1920s

[edit]
General election 1929: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hastings Lees-Smith 18,412 44.7 −0.3
Liberal David Rhodes 11,905 28.9 +2.3
Unionist Arthur Smith 10,858 26.4 −2.0
Majority 6,507 15.8 −0.8
Turnout 41,175 84.9 +2.1
Registered electors 48,518
Labour hold Swing −1.3
General election 1924: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hastings Lees-Smith 14,105 45.0 −4.1
Unionist T. P. Perks 8,922 28.4 N/A
Liberal Thomas Artemus Jones 8,339 26.6 −24.3
Majority 5,183 16.6 N/A
Turnout 31,366 82.8 +5.4
Registered electors 37,887
Labour gain from Liberal Swing +10.1
Robert Pilkington
General election 1923: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Robert Pilkington 14,609 50.9 +20.2
Labour Hastings Lees-Smith 14,083 49.1 +2.8
Majority 526 1.8 N/A
Turnout 28,692 77.4 −4.2
Registered electors 37,060
Liberal gain from Labour Swing +8.7
General election 1922: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hastings Lees-Smith 13,978 46.3 +18.6
Liberal William Anderton Brigg 9,262 30.7 −3.0
Unionist Charles Henry Foulds 6,955 23.0 −15.6
Majority 4,716 15.6 N/A
Turnout 30,195 81.6 +16.2
Registered electors 37,005
Labour gain from Unionist Swing +10.8

Elections in the 1910s

[edit]
General election 1918: Keighley
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
C Unionist Robert Clough 8,820 38.6 N/A
Liberal William Somervell 7,709 33.7 N/A
Labour William Bland 6,324 27.7 N/A
Majority 1,111 4.9 N/A
Turnout 22,853 65.4 N/A
Registered electors 34,934
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing N/A
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.
  • Results compared to December 1910 election
Somervell
1918 Keighley by-election[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal William Somervell 4,873 67.5 N/A
Ind. Labour Party William Bland 2,349 32.5 N/A
Majority 2,524 35.0 N/A
Turnout 7,222 50.2 N/A
Registered electors 14,400
Liberal hold Swing N/A
1915 Keighley by-election[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Swire Smith Unopposed
Liberal hold
Stanley Buckmaster
1913 Keighley by-election[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Stanley Buckmaster 4,730 38.7 N/A
Unionist Henry Lascelles, Viscount Lascelles 3,852 31.5 N/A
Labour William Bland 3,646 29.8 N/A
Majority 878 7.2 N/A
Turnout 12,228 86.5 N/A
Registered electors 14,142
Liberal hold Swing N/A
1911 Keighley by-election[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Stanley Buckmaster 4,667 39.0 N/A
Conservative William Mitchell Acworth 3,842 32.1 N/A
Labour William Crawford Anderson 3,452 28.9 N/A
Majority 825 6.9 N/A
Turnout 11,961 87.3 N/A
Registered electors 13,702
Liberal hold Swing N/A
General election December 1910: Keighley [27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Brigg Unopposed
Liberal hold
General election January 1910: Keighley [27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Brigg 7,768 65.3 +19.6
Conservative William Mitchell Acworth 4,132 34.7 +7.0
Majority 3,636 30.6 +12.6
Turnout 11,900 89.0 +0.2
Registered electors 13,373
Liberal hold Swing +6.3

Elections in the 1900s

[edit]
General election 1906: Keighley [27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Brigg 5,322 45.7 −7.4
Liberal Unionist William Mitchell Acworth 3,229 27.7 −19.2
Independent Labour W. T. Newlove 3,102 26.6 N/A
Majority 2,093 18.0 +11.8
Turnout 11,653 88.8 +6.8
Registered electors 13,125
Liberal hold Swing +5.9
General election 1900: Keighley [27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Brigg 5,432 53.1 −1.4
Conservative W. Bairstow 4,792 46.9 +1.4
Majority 640 6.2 −2.8
Turnout 10,224 82.0 +4.9
Registered electors 12,470
Liberal hold Swing −1.4

Elections in the 1890s

[edit]
General election 1895: Keighley [27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Brigg 5,036 54.5 N/A
Conservative Walter Bairstow[28] 4,196 45.5 N/A
Majority 840 9.0 N/A
Turnout 9,232 77.1 N/A
Registered electors 11,977
Liberal hold Swing N/A
General election 1892: Keighley [27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Isaac Holden Unopposed
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1880s

[edit]
General election 1886: Keighley [27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Isaac Holden Unopposed
Liberal hold
General election 1885: Keighley [27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Isaac Holden 5,644 66.7
Conservative William Henry Carter Dunhill[29] 2,818 33.3
Majority 2,826 33.4
Turnout 8,462 84.0
Registered electors 10,072
Liberal win (new seat)

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ A county constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. ^ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

References

[edit]
Specific
  1. ^ "Constituency data: electorates – House of Commons Library". Parliament UK. 15 June 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  2. ^ "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule 1 Part 9 Yorkshire and the Humber region.
  3. ^ "Yorkshire and the Humber | Boundary Commission for England". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
  4. ^ "Check Browser Settings". statistics.gov.uk.
  5. ^ "The Electoral Calculus' profile of Keighley and Ilkely". Electoral Calculus. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  6. ^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "K" (part 1)
  7. ^ "Election results for Keighley and Ilkley". City of Bradford Council. 4 July 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  8. ^ "Election results for Keighley and Ilkley". BBC News. 4 July 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  9. ^ "Statement of persons nominated and notice of poll". City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council. 14 November 2019. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
  10. ^ "Election Results for Keighley, 12 December 2019". City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council. 13 December 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
  11. ^ "Keighley 2019 General Election Results". Electoral Reform Society. 13 December 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
  12. ^ "Election results for Keighley". City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council. 9 June 2017.
  13. ^ "Keighley parliamentary constituency". BBC News. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  14. ^ "Statement of persons nominated and notice of poll" (PDF). City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council. 11 May 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
  15. ^ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  16. ^ "Keighley". BBC News. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
  17. ^ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  18. ^ "UK > England > Yorkshire & the Humber > Keighley". Election 2010. BBC. 7 May 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010.
  19. ^ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  20. ^ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  21. ^ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  22. ^ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  23. ^ "Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  24. ^ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  25. ^ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  26. ^ Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer 24 August 1939
  27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885–1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
  28. ^ "Representation of Yorkshire". Yorkshire Gazette. 13 July 1895. p. 12. Retrieved 2 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  29. ^ "Nominations". Cork Constitution. 25 November 1885. p. 3. Retrieved 2 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
General
  • Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
[edit]

53°53′46″N 1°50′17″W / 53.896°N 1.838°W / 53.896; -1.838

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy