Prewar television stations
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This is a list of pre-World War II television stations of the 1920s and 1930s. Most of these experimental stations were located in Europe (notably in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, the Netherlands, and Russia), Australia, Canada, and the United States. Some present-day broadcasters trace their origins to these early stations.
All television licenses in the United States were officially "experimental" before July 1941, as the NTSC television standard had yet to be developed, and some American television broadcasters continued operating under experimental licenses as late as 1947, although by then they were using the same technical standards as their commercial brethren.
List
[edit] | This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: Multiple columns require sort keys for proper sorting. Template:Hs is deprecated. (May 2018) |
- Present North American broadcast television starts at 54 MHz (VHF)
- Present day UK TV broadcasts begin at 470 MHz (UHF)
| Call sign (original) |
Call sign (current) |
Frequency* | Channel (current) |
Location (city) |
On air | Owner (original) | Original broadcast system | Current broadcast system |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baird Television Development Company Ltd[1] via BBC transmitter 2LO[citation needed] | 361 meters 831 kHz [2] |
 London, England, United Kingdom
|
1926–1935 [citation needed] |
British Broadcasting Company | Mechanical television 30 lines 25 frame/s |
[dubious – discuss] | ||
| W2XB (also branded as WGY-TV from its sister radio station) | WRGB | 2.15 MHz | 6 |  SchenectadyAlbany, New York, United States |
May 10, 1928 – present | General Electric Co. | Mechanical television 24 (later 48) lines/21 frame/s | NTSC-M from 1942–2009; now ATSC digital. |
| W1XAY (also branded as WLEX from its sister radio station) | 3.5 MHz | Lexington, Massachusetts, United States
|
June 14, 1928– March 1930 |
The Boston Post | Mechanical television 48 lines/18 frame/s | |||
| W3XK | 1.605 MHz & 6.42 MHz, later 2.00–2.10 MHz |
Wheaton Washington, D.C., United States |
July 2, 1928– 1932 | Charles Jenkins Laboratories | Mechanical television 48 lines | |||
| W2XAL (also branded as WRNY from its sister radio station) | New York City, New York, United States
|
August 13, 1928– 1929 | Experimenter Publishing | Mechanical television 48 lines | ||||
| W1WX (later became W1XAV) |
2.12 MHz | Boston, Massachusetts, United States
|
Spring 1929–1931 | Shortwave and Television Laboratory | Mechanical television 48 & 60 lines/15 frame/s | |||
| W2XBS | WNBC | 2.75–2.85 MHz | Formerly Channel 1; moved to VHF Channel 4 from 1946–2009 (remains PSIP virtual channel); allocated to digital channel 28 from 1999–2018; moved to channel share with WNJU on channel 36 from 2018–present |
New York City, New York, United States
|
1929–1932, 1936–present | National Broadcasting Company | Mechanical television 60 lines/20 frame/s | 1941–2009, NTSC-M; now ATSC digital |
| 3UZ. Experiments carried out on the radio station after it had officially closed down for the night.[3] | 930 kHz |  Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
1929 | Oliver John Nilsen | Mechanical television | |||
| 3DB. Experiments carried out on the radio station after it had officially closed down for the night.[3] | 1180 kHz | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
1929 | The Herald and Weekly Times | Mechanical television | |||
| W9XAP | WNBQ-TV (1948–1964)[4]
now WMAQ-TV |
VHF Channel 5 | Chicago, Illinois, United States
|
August 27, 1930– August 1933. 1948-present. [5][6][7][8][9] |
National Broadcasting Company | Mechanical television | 1948–2009 NTSC-M; now ATSC digital | |
| VE9EC | 41 MHz |  Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
1931–1935 | La Presse and CKAC radio | Mechanical television 60–150 lines | |||
| W6XAO | KCBS-TV | Formerly on Channel 1, now VHF Channel 2 | Los Angeles, California, United States |
June 1931– 1933, 1937–1948 as experimental Don Lee station; May 6, 1948– present |
Don Lee | Mechanical television, film only, 80 lines/20 frame/s | 1948–2009, NTSC-M; now ATSC digital | |
| Amateur radio station 4CM[10] | 136 metres | Brisbane, Queensland, Australia |
1934 | Dr Val McDowall | Early experiments with electronic television | |||
| W6XYZ | KTLA-TV | Formerly on Channel 4, now VHF Channel 5 | Los Angeles, California, United States |
June 1942– 1946 experimental, Jan. 22, 1947– present |
Paramount | 1947–2009, NTSC-M, now ATSC digital | ||
| W2XAB | WCBS-TV | 2.1–2.2 MHz | Now VHF Channel 2 | New York City, New York, United States
|
July 31, 1931– February 1933, 1939–present |
Columbia Broadcasting System | Mechanical television 60 lines/20 frame/s | 1941–2009, NTSC-M, now ATSC digital |
| W2XWV | WNYW | Channel 4 (1938–1944), Channel 5 (1944 – present) | New York City, New York, United States
|
1938– present | Allen B. DuMont | Unknown | 1944–2009 NTSC-M, now ATSC digital | |
| W3XE | WPTZ (now KYW-TV) | – | VHF Channel 3 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
|
1932–present | Philco Corporation | Mechanical television | 1941–2009, NTSC-M, now ATSC digital |
| W9XBK | WBKB (now WBBM-TV) | Formerly on Channel 4, then on VHF Channel 2, Now on VHF Channel 12 | Chicago, Illinois, United States
|
1940–present | Balaban & Katz | 1944–2009, NTSC-M, now ATSC digital | ||
| W9XZV | Later KS2XBS (Phonevision experimental on Channel 2) | VHF Channel 1 | Chicago, Illinois, United States
|
1939–1953 | ||||
| 2LO (BBC Television Service) | BBC One | 361 meters 831 kHz [2] |
UHF (Channels 21–68, throughout UK) | London, England, United Kingdom
|
August 22, 1932– September 11, 1935 | British Broadcasting Corporation | Mechanical television 30 lines/12.5 frame/s | Now DVB |
| BBC Television Service (Alexandra Palace) | BBC One | 45 MHz [11] |
UHF (Channels 21–68, throughout UK and on Astra 2D satellite) | London, England, United Kingdom
|
November 1936– September 3, 1939, June 7, 1946 – present |
British Broadcasting Corporation | Mechanical television 240 lines (Baird system) and electronic television 405 line (Marconi-EMI system)/25 frame/s | Now DVB |
| EIAR – Stazione sperimentale radiovisione di Monte Mario | RAI – Radiotelevisione Italiana | 40.54 MHz (audio), 44.12 MHz (video) | VHF (channel 9) and UHF (channels 25, 26, 30 and 40) |  Rome, Italy
|
July 22, 1939– May 10, 1940 |
Electronic television 441 lines / 21 to 42 frame/s. | Now DVB | |
| EIAR – Stazione sperimentale radiovisione Torre Littoria (now Torre Branca) | 40.50 MHz (audio), 44.00 MHz (video) | Milan, Italy
|
April 12–28, 1940 | Electronic television 441 lines / 21 to 42 frame/s. | ||||
| Radiovision PTT (1935) later Paris Television (1943) then RTF (1946) (Eiffel Tower) | TF1 | 37 MHz (180 & 455 lines) later 42–46 MHz (441 lines) | UHF Channels 21–69 (System L + DVB throughout France and FTA on AB3 satellite) |  Paris, France
|
November 1935 – 1937 (60 lines, then 180 lines) later 1938–1939 (455 lines) then 1943–1956 (441 lines) |
Ministry of Information | Mechanical television 60 then 180 line later electronic television 455 then 441 line/25 frame/s | Now DVB |
| Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow |  BerlinPotsdam, Germany |
1935–1944 (tests started in 1929) | Deutscher Fernseh-Rundfunk | Electronic television 180 lines/25 frame/s/50 fields/sec (started broadcasting in 441 lines in mid-1937) | ||||
| Moscow test broadcasting station МТЦ (from Shukhov tower) | LW band |  Moscow, Soviet Union, now  Russia
|
1931–1941 | Mechanical television | ||||
| USSR TV (ТВ СССР) | Первый канал | 49.75 MHz (video) 56.25 MHz (audio) | TV channels:R1 (441 lines 25 fps) |  Moscow, USSR, now Russia
|
1938–1941, 1945-1949 |
Ministry of Culture | Electronic television | Now SECAM, PAL also DVB |
| Doświadczalna Stacja Telewizyjna | Telewizja Polska | TVP channels: TVP1, TVP2, etc. |  Warsaw, Poland |
1935–1939 (test broadcasting: 1937–38) |
Mechanical television | Now PAL and DVB | ||
| Call sign (original) |
Call sign (current) |
Frequency* | Channel (current) |
Location (city) |
On air | Owner (original) | Original broadcast system | Current broadcast system |
See also
[edit]- Timeline of the BBC
- History of television
- Timeline of the introduction of television in countries
- Timeline of the introduction of color television in countries
- Geographical usage of television
- Oldest radio station
- List of experimental television stations
- Narrow-bandwidth television
- Television systems before 1940
Individual television stations
[edit]Broadcast television systems
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Burns, Russell W. (2000), "Chapter 6 Company Formation and long-distance television", John Logie Baird, Television Pioneer, IEE history of technology series, vol. 28, Stevenage, Herts, UK: The Institution of Electrical Engineers, pp. 131, ISBN 978-0-85296-797-3
- ^ a b Isaacs, Allan. "Dating a Radio: How Old?". Allan's Virtual Radio Museum. Archived from the original on August 18, 2020.
London (2LO), Nov 1922, 361m
- ^ a b R. R. Walker, The Magic Spark, 1973, Hawthorn Press, Melbourne.
- ^ "Call Letters Switch (page 21)". Billboard. September 5, 1964. Retrieved April 27, 2010.
- ^ "Copy of W9XAP station license". Samuels, Rich. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
- ^ Parker, Bill (October 28, 1984). "transcript of Bill Parker letter, who was assigned the construction of the television studio at the Daily News building in 1929". Television Experimenters. Archived from the original on May 20, 2014. Retrieved May 11, 2010.
- ^ "Early Chicago Television-W9XAP". Hawes TV. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
- ^ "Early television-W9XAP-WMAQ Chicago". Early Television. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
- ^ "W9XAP first broadcast-transcript from Daily News story-August 28, 1930". Daily News. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
- ^ Bruce Carty, Australian Radio History, Self-published, Sydney, 2011.
- ^ "Vintage BBC Transmitters - 2LO and AP". The British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
A high power transmitter at 45 MHz with a bandwidth of some 3 MHz was edge of technology in the 1930's
