Tetradecylthioacetic acid
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| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
(Tetradecylsulfanyl)acetic acid | |
| Other names
1-(Carboxymethylthio)tetradecane
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| Abbreviations | TTA; CMTD |
| ChemSpider | |
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C16H32O2S | |
| Molar mass | 288.49 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) is a synthetic fatty acid used as a nutritional supplement.
TTA acts as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist and increases mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in vitro.[1] In rodent studies, TTA has been reported to have other activities such as reducing inflammation[2] and preventing high fat diet induced adiposity and insulin resistance.[3]
In human clinical study, there have been mixed observations in preliminary studies. One Phase I study showed no significant changes in the blood lipids or free fatty acids[4] and another showed that TTA attenuates dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Løvås, K; Røst, TH; Skorve, J; Ulvik, RJ; Gudbrandsen, OA; Bohov, P; Wensaas, AJ; Rustan, AC; et al. (2009). "Tetradecylthioacetic acid attenuates dyslipidaemia in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, possibly by dual PPAR-alpha/delta activation and increased mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation". Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 11 (4): 304–14. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00958.x. PMID 19267708. S2CID 22883377.
- ^ Bjørndal, B; Grimstad, T; Cacabelos, D; Nylund, K; Aasprong, OG; Omdal, R; Portero-Otin, M; Pamplona, R; Lied, GA; Hausken, Trygve; Berge, Rolf K. (2012). "Tetradecylthioacetic Acid Attenuates Inflammation and Has Antioxidative Potential During Experimental Colitis in Rats". Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 58 (1): 97–106. doi:10.1007/s10620-012-2321-2. hdl:1956/6530. PMID 22855292. S2CID 1539648.
- ^ Madsen, L; Guerre-Millo, M; Flindt, EN; Berge, K; Tronstad, KJ; Bergene, E; Sebokova, E; Rustan, AC; et al. (2002). "Tetradecylthioacetic acid prevents high fat diet induced adiposity and insulin resistance". Journal of Lipid Research. 43 (5): 742–50. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)30116-4. PMID 11971945.
- ^ Pettersen, RJ; Salem, M; Skorve, J; Ulvik, RJ; Berge, RK; Nordrehaug, JE (2008). "Pharmacology and safety of tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA): Phase-1 study". Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 51 (4): 410–7. doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181673be0. PMID 18427285. S2CID 13784863.