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User:SomeGuyWhoRandomlyEdits/List of conflicts in Mexico

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An orthographic projection map detailing the present-day location and territorial extent of Mexico in North America.

This is a list of conflicts in Mexico arranged chronologically from the pre-Columbian era until postcolonial period (c. 10000 BCE – Present). This list includes any and/or all raid, strike, skirmish, siege, sacking, and/or battle (land, naval, and aerial) that occurred on any one territory of what may today be referred to as Mexico; however, in which the conflict itself may have only been part of an operation of a campaign in a theater of a greater war (e.g. any border, undeclared, colonial, proxy, liberation, Indian, ritual, world wars, etc.). There may also be periods of violent, civil unrest listed; such as, shootouts, spree killings, massacres, terrorist attacks, coups, assassinations, regicides, riots, rebellions, revolutions, and civil wars (as well as wars of succession and/or independence). The list might also contain episodes of human sacrifice, mass suicide, and ethnic cleansing/genocide.

Historical and geographical context

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Timelines for historical context

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Mesoamerican chronological timeline

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Stages
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Post-Classic stageClassic stageFormative stageArchaic stageLithic stage
Periods
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Divisions
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Peoples
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Mexican peopleSpanish peopleMayansMexican peopleSpanish peopleMexicaChichimecasToltecsHuastecsMexican peopleSpanish peopleMexicaMixtecsZapotec peoplesMexican peopleSpanish peopleMexicaCuitlatecsMezcala cultureMexican peopleSpanish peoplePurepechaNahuasTeuchitlánChupícuaroCapachaMexican peopleSpanish peopleMexicaTepanecsToltecsTotonacsMexican peopleSpanish peopleChichimecasNahuasMogollon peopleChihuahua traditionMexican peopleAcaxee peopleChichimecasCocopah peopleGuachimontone peopleChihuahua traditionMexican peopleApacheMogollon peopleChihuahua tradition
Civilizations
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Latin American cultureWestern civilizationMaya civilizationLatin American cultureWestern civilizationAztecHuastec civilizationLatin American cultureWestern civilizationAztecMixtecZapotec civilizationLatin American cultureWestern civilizationAztecMixtecTeotihuacanTotonac civilizationLatin American cultureWestern civilizationPurepechaLatin American cultureWestern civilizationAztecToltecTeotihuacanTotonac civilizationLatin American cultureWestern civilizationChichimecaNahuaMogollon peopleLatin American cultureAcaxee peopleChichimecaMogollon peopleLatin American cultureApacheMogollon people
Dynasties
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House of HanoverStuart dynastyTudor dynastyHabsburg dynastyTrastámaran DynastyCocomCalakmulPalenqueBonaparte dynastyBourbon dynastyHabsburg dynastyTrastámaran DynastyAztecBonaparte dynastyBourbon dynastyHabsburg dynastyTrastámaran DynastyAztecTilantongoBonaparte dynastyBourbon dynastyHabsburg dynastyTrastámaran DynastyAztecBonaparte dynastyBourbon dynastyHabsburg dynastyTrastámaran DynastyBonaparte dynastyBourbon dynastyHabsburg dynastyTrastámaran DynastyList of Tenochtitlan rulers
Empires
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British empireEnglish empireSpanish empireFirst French EmpireSpanish empireAztec empireFirst French EmpireSpanish empireAztec empireFirst French EmpireSpanish empireAztec empireFirst French EmpireSpanish empirePurépecha EmpireFirst French EmpireSpanish empireAztec empireTepanec empireToltec EmpireFirst French EmpireSpanish empireFirst French EmpireSpanish empireFirst French EmpireSpanish empire
Settlements
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PotonchánMayapanChichen ItzaSayilCobaCalakmulPalenquePiedras Negras (Maya site)El SabinitoCoixtlahuacaTilantongoMitlaMonte AlbánPetatlánXochipalaPátzcuaroIhuatzio (archaeological site)Tzintzuntzan (Mesoamerican site)Ixtlán del Rio (archaeological site)La Campana (archaeological site)El OpeñoTenochtitlanAzcapotzalco (altepetl)Tula (Mesoamerican site)TeotihuacanCuicuilcoTlapacoya (archeological site)TlatilcoCueva de la RancheríaCasas GrandesCuarenta CasasCueva de la Olla (archaeological site)Huápoca
Hamlets
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Piedras Negras (Maya site)El SabinitoTeotihuacanCuicuilcoTlatilcoCueva de la RancheríaCasas GrandesCuarenta CasasCueva de la Olla (archaeological site)Huápoca
Villages
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Paso de la AmadaCalakmulPiedras Negras (Maya site)El SabinitoMitlaMonte AlbánIhuatzio (archaeological site)CalixtlahuacaTeotihuacanCuicuilcoTlatilcoCueva de la RancheríaCasas Grandes
Towns
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MayapanChichen ItzaUxmalSayilCobaCalakmulXtampakBecanIzapaKaminaljuyuEl TajínTres ZapotesLa VentaSan Lorenzo TenochtitlánMonte AlbánTzintzuntzan (Mesoamerican site)Ihuatzio (archaeological site)TenochtitlanTetzcoco (altepetl)TenayucaTula (Mesoamerican site)Tula (Mesoamerican site)TeotihuacanCuicuilco
Cities
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Chiapa de Corzo (Mesoamerican site)MayapanChichen ItzaEdznaGuiengolaMitlaTzintzuntzan (Mesoamerican site)TenochtitlanTetzcoco (altepetl)TenayucaAzcapotzalco (altepetl)Colhuacan (altepetl)CalixtlahuacaTeotihuacanLa Quemada
Writing systems
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Isthmian scriptMaya scriptMaya scriptMaya scriptMixtec scriptZapotec scriptMixtec scriptZapotec scriptOlmec hieroglyphsAztec script

General timeline

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TenochtitlanAztec civilizationMexicaAzcapotzalco (altepetl)TepanecsTula (Mesoamerican site)ToltecsNahua peoplesTzintzuntzanMixtec civilizationZaachilaZapotec civilizationHuastec civilizationZoque peopleTlaxcaltec peopleMatlatzinca peopleTlapanec peoplePurépecha peopleCoixtlahuacaTilantongoMixtec peopleZapotec peopleOtomi peoplesTabasco (former state)Ah Xiu XupanAh Mekat Tutul XiuUxmalHunac CeelMayapanCocom dynastyPost-Classic stageYuknoom Tookʼ KʼawiilYuknoom Chʼeen IIYuknoom HeadScroll SerpentSky Witness (ruler)CalakmulTuun Kʼabʼ HixYuknoom Chʼeen IDzibancheChac-Xib-ChacChichen ItzaKʼinich Kʼan Joy Chitam IIKʼinich Janaab PakalAjen Yohl MatYohl IkʼnalPalenqueEl TajínCempoalaTotonac civilizationYaxun Bʼalam IVItzamnaaj Bahlam IIIYaxun Bʼalam IIIItzamnaaj Bahlam IIYaxchilanMaya civilizationMaya peoplesClassic stageSpearthrower OwlTeotihuacanTotonac peopleFormative stagePre-Columbian era

Geographical context

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Sites all throughout Mexico

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Sites in the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico

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Mesoamerican civilizations (c. 5100 BCE – c. 1893 CE)

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A schematic illustration of the Beringia migration based on maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow; as well as, the arrival of Central Asian populations at the Beringian Mammoth steppe c. 25,000 YBP, followed by a swift peopling of the Americas c. 15KYA.
A map detailing the pre-Columbian distribution of the language families of indigenous North American peoples (including those of Northern Mexico).

Zoque people (c. 8000 BCE – Present)

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Olmec civilization (c. 1400 – c. 350 BCE)

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Maya peoples (c. 3000 BCE – Present)

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A map detailing the approximated migration routes and dates for various Mayan language families. The region labeled under Proto-Mayan is now occupied by speakers of the branch of Qʼanjobalan languages (light blue in other figures).
A map detailing the location and extent of Mayan-speaking populations.

Maya civilization (c. 200 BCE – c. 1940 CE)

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A map detailing the general area of the Mayan civilization and its city-states in the greater Mesoamerican region. The settlements of Calakmul (in Mexico) and Tikal (in Guatemala) both developed near the center of this civilization.
Lacandon people (c. 1400 BCE – Present)
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State of Yaxchilan (c. 320 – c. 808 CE)
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State of Palenque (c. 431 – c. 1520 CE)
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Itza people (c. 1400 BCE – Present)
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State of Chichen Itza (c. 550 – c. 1588 CE)
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  • Wars of the Mayans (c. 1000 BCE – c. 1697 CE)
    • Classic Maya collapse (c. 763 – c. 1179 CE)
    • Campaigns of Chac-Xib-Chac (r. c. 1175 – c. 1194 CE)
      • Defeated by Mayapan
Kingdom of Kaan (c. 495 – c. 909 CE)
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State of Dzibanche (c. 495 – c. 909 CE)
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State of Calakmul (c. 411 – c. 909 CE)
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State of Naranjo (c. 500 BCE – c. 814 CE)
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State of Tortuguero (c. 644 – c. 909 CE)
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  • Wars of the Mayans (c. 1000 BCE – c. 1697 CE)
State of Toniná (c. 217 – c. 909 CE)
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  • Wars of the Mayans (c. 1000 BCE – c. 1697 CE)
League of Mayapan (c. 987 – c. 1461 CE)
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A map detailing the territorial extent of the League of Mayapan at its greatest (c. 1200 CE).
State of Mayapan (c. 540 BCE – c. 1461 CE)
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State of Uxmal (c. 500 – c. 1200 CE)
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Kuchkabals of Yucatan (c. 1461 – c. 1547 CE)
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A map detailing the locations and territorial extent of Kuchkabals:
  Chakan
  Uaymil
  Sotuta
  Tazes
  Hocaba
  Cupul
  Ekab
  Calotmul
Kuchkabal of Chetumal (c. 950 – 1544 CE)
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Tzeltal people (c. 200 CE – Present)
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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
Chontal Maya people (c. 200 CE – Present)
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State of Tabasco (c. 1200 CE – 1519 CE)
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State of the Cross (1849–1893 CE)
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  • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898 CE)
Huastec people (c. 2200 BCE – Present)
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Huastec civilization (c. 1300 BCE – c. 1530 CE)
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A map showing the approximated routes and dates of Proto-Huastec and other Maya-speaking groups; furthermore, one migratory proposal for the early split of the Huastec and Chicomuceltec languages from the Proto-Mayan "homeland".
A map detailing the territorial extent of the Huastec civilization along the Gulf Coast of Mexico.
A map detailing the territorial extent of La Huasteca.

Totonac people (c. 2000 BCE – Present)

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Teōtīhuacān civilization (c. 300 BCE – c. 536 CE)

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State of Teōtīhuacān (c. 100 BCE – c. 1427 CE)
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Dominion of Xalisco (c. 618 – c. 1112 CE)
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State of Tōllān Cholula (c. 300 BCE – c. 1519 CE)
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Totonac civilization (c. 300 – c. 536 CE)

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Totonacapan (c. 2000 BCE – c. 1750 CE)
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State of Cempoala (c. 1150 – c. 1577 CE)
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State of El Tajín (c. 600 – c. 1230 CE)
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A map detailing the location and territorial extent of the Gulf Coast Classic culture and other important classic stage settlements.
State of Papantla (c. 1200 – c. 1880 CE)
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Zapotec people (c. 1450 BCE – Present)

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Zapotec civilization (c. 700 BCE – c. 1715 CE)

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A map showing the location and territorial extent of the Zapotec civilization.
State of San José Mogote (c. 1500 – c. 700 BCE)
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State of Monte Albán (c. 700 BCE – c. 700 CE)
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State of Mitla (c. 700 – c. 1400 CE)
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State of Zaachila (c. 1100 – c. 1563 CE)
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Mixtec people (c. 1250 BCE – c. 1550 CE)

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State of Tilantongo (c. 100 BCE – c. 1550 CE)

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State of Coixtlahuaca (1080 – c. 1490 CE)

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  • Campaigns of Atonal II (r. c. 1453 – c. 1458, c. 1453 – c. 1461, c. 1468, c. 1490 CE)
    • Defeated by the Aztecs (c. 1453, c. 1458, c. 1461, c. 1468, or c. 1490 CE)

State of Tututepec (c. 1100 – c. 1550 CE)

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State of Teozacualco (c. 1100 – c. 1550 CE)

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Purépecha people (c. 1200 BCE – Present)

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A map detailing the locations and territorial extent of:
  Strategic provinces of the Aztec Triple Alliance
  Lordships linked to the Aztec Triple Alliance
  Lordships linked to the Purépecha Empire
  Independent kingdoms and lordships
A map detailing the location and territorial extent of the Purépecha Empire (in green).

Purépecha civilization (c. 1000 CE – Present)

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Purépecha empire (c. 1300 – 1530 CE)
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State of Pátzcuaro (c. 1324 – c. 1530 CE)
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State of Tzintzuntzan (c. 1000 – c. 1530 CE)
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State of Ihuatzio (c. 1200 – c. 1530 CE)
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Tlapanec people (c. 1200 – c. 1550 CE)

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Matlatzinca people (c. 1200 – c. 1550 CE)

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Nahua peoples (c. 400 CE – Present)

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A map detailing the pre-Columbian distribution of the Uto-Aztecan languages.

Toltec people (c. 400 BCE – c. 1222 CE)

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Toltec empire (c. 674 – c. 1179 CE)
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State of Tula (c. 400 BCE – c. 1440 CE)
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Tepanec people (c. 995 – 1428 CE)

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A map detailing the territorial extent of the Tepanec empire with their capital (Azcapotzalco) near the center:
  c. 1222 – c. 1283 CE
  c. 1283 – c. 1414 CE
  c. 1414 – c. 1431 CE
A map showing the areas conquered by the Aztec rulers:
  Itzcoatl (r. 1427–1440)
  Moctezuma I (r. 1440–1466)
  Axayacatl (r. 1472–1481)
  Tizoc (r. 1481–1486)
  Ahuitzotl (r. 1486–1502)
  Moctezuma II (r. 1502–1519)
A map detailing the locations and territorial extent of the indigenous peoples of Mexico and ethnic groups in Central America (1490 CE).
A map of Mesoamerica and Central America (c. 1500 – c. 1600 CE) detailing the locations and territorial extent of:
  Aztec empire
  Lordships linked to the Aztec empire
  Purépecha empire
  Kingdom of Colima
  Other kingdoms
  Confederacies
  Territories of other ethnicities and cultures
Altepetl of Azcapotzalco (c. 995 – c. 1428 CE)
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Tlaxcaltec people (1348 CE – Present)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
      • Spanish conquest of Mexico (c. 1521 – c. 1550)
        • Chichimeca war (1550–1590)
Confederacy of Tlaxcala (1348–1520 CE)
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Mexica people (c. 1164 – c. 1521 CE)

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Altepetl of Tenochtitlan (c. 1325 – 1521 CE)
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A map detailing the Valley of Mexico basin (c. 1519 CE).
A map showing the maximal, territorial extent of the Aztec empire (c. 1519 CE).
Altepetl of Tetzcoco (c. 1200 – c. 1520 CE)
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Altepetl of Tlacopan (c. 1400 – c. 1524 CE)
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Aridoamerican civilizations (c. 2100 BCE – c. 1924 CE)

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Chichimeca nations (c. 700 CE – Present)

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A map of Mexico detailing the location and territorial extent of La Gran Chichimeca.
A map of Mexico detailing the distribution of the Chichimecas (c. 1550 CE).

Kingdom of Xalisco (c. 1129 – c. 1590 CE)

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Tecuexe people (c. 1115 – c. 1854 CE)

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Guamare people (c. 1550 – c. 1590 CE)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
      • Spanish conquest of Mexico (c. 1521 – c. 1550)

Caxcan people (c. 1164 – c. 1590 CE)

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  • Caxcan from Jalostotitlán resisted against the Mexica from Teocaltiche (1164 CE)
  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
      • Spanish conquest of Mexico (c. 1521 – c. 1550)
        • Chichimeca war (1550–1590)

Pame people (c. 1519 CE – Present)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
      • Spanish conquest of Mexico (c. 1521 – c. 1550)
        • Chichimeca war (1550–1590)

Zacateco people (c. 1200 CE – Present)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
      • Spanish conquest of Mexico (c. 1521 – c. 1550)
        • Chichimeca war (1550–1590)

Guachichil people (c. 1115 CE – Present)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
      • Spanish conquest of Mexico (c. 1521 – c. 1550)
        • Chichimeca war (1550–1590)

Otomi peoples (c. 1000 CE – Present)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
      • Spanish conquest of Mexico (c. 1521 – c. 1550)
        • Chichimeca war (1550–1590)
Acolhua people (c. 1100 – c. 1521 CE)
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Altepetl of Acolhuacan (c. 1100 – 1521 CE)
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Altepetl of Tetzcoco (c. 1115 – 1521 CE)
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Altepetl of Huauchinango (c. 1116 – 1521 CE)
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Acaxee people (c. 1500 – c. 1930 CE)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)

Tepehuán people (c. 1550 CE – Present)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)

Comanche people (c. 1500 CE – Present)

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A map displaying the routes of Comanche raiders starting from Comancheria (near or all around Big Spring, Texas) and reaching as far south as Querétaro (1,400 kilometres away).

Yaqui people (c. 1533 CE – Present)

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A map of Sonora showing the location of the Battle of Mazocoba near Guaymas on (in 1900) between the Mexican Army and Yaqui.

Oasisamerican civilizations (c. 3500 BCE – c. 1924 CE)

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Apache people (c. 1200 CE – Present)

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Western civilization (c. 1700 BCE – Present)

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Spanish people (c. 218 BCE – Present)

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A map depicting Cortés' invasion route from the Gulf Coast of Mexico to the Aztec capital (Tenochtitlan).
A map detailing the early entry routes of conquistadores such as Pedro de Alvarado and Luis Marín into Chiapas (c. 1523 – c. 1525). Highland regions are shaded.
A map detailing the territorial extent of the realms of the king of Spain by the name of Philip the Prudent (r. 1556–1598, 1580–1598) as appointed to and administered by:
A map detailing the maximum territorial extent of the Spanish empire (c. 1714 – c. 1800).
A map detailing the territorial extent of the Viceroyalty of New Spain before Spanish Louisiana (1764–1801) was returned to the French First Republic. Not including the viceroyalty's overseas territories in the Pacific ocean.
An animated map detailing the territorial evolution of non-native North American nation-states (c. 1750 – c. 2008).
  Government under traditional Spanish law
  Loyal to Supreme Central Junta or Cortes
  American junta or insurrection movement
  Independent state declared or established
  Height of French control of the Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile (1065–1230/1715)

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Trastámaran dynasty (1479–1555)
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Spanish empire (1492–1976)
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Viceroyalty of New Spain (1521–1821)
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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
Council of the Indies (1524 – c. 1812/1834)
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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
Habsburg dynasty (1555–1700)
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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)

Kingdom of Spain (1700–1810)

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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)
    • Spanish colonization of the Americas (c. 1492 – c. 1898)
      • Spanish conquest of the Maya (c. 1502 – c. 1704)
      • Yaqui Wars (1533–1929)
      • Apache Wars (c. 1541 – 1924)
        • Apache–Mexico Wars (c. 1541 – 1924)
      • Chichimeca war (1550–1590)
      • Acoma massacre (1599)
      • Acaxee Rebellion (1601–1607)
      • Tepehuán Revolt (1616–1620)
      • Navajo wars (c. 1641 – 1864)
Bourbon dynasty (1700–1808)
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  • European colonization of the Americas (c. 1003 – c. 1945)

Kingdom of Spain (1810–1873)

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Bourbon dynasty (1813–1820)
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English people (c. 98 CE – Present)

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Kingdom of England (927–1707)

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Tudor dynasty (1485–1603)
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Dutch people (c. 108 CE – Present)

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French people (c. 260 CE – Present)

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First French Empire (1804–1814/1815)

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Bonaparte dynasty (1804–1814)
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A map detailing towns along the route of the campaign of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla during the Mexican War of Independence.
A map detailing the campaigns of José María Morelos during the Mexican War of Independence.

Kingdom of France (987–1848)

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Capetian dynasty (1815–1848)
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House of Orléans (1830–1848)
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Second French Empire (1852–1870)

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Bonaparte dynasty (1852–1870)
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Latin American civilization (c. 1492 – Present)

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Mexican independence era (1808–1829)

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House of Iturbide (1821–1823)

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First Mexican Empire (1821–1823)
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A map detailing the territories of Northern America declared to belong to the First Mexican Empire (c. 1821). Northern border from the later Adams–Onís Treaty.
  • Spanish American wars of independence (1808–1833)
    • Mexican War of Independence (1810–1821)
Revolt against the emperor (1822–1823)
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First Mexican Republic (1824–1835)

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Provisional Government of Mexico (1823–1824)

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A map detailing the territorial organization of the Provisional Government of Mexico (1823).
Spaniards in Mexico (1821–1829)
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Revolts against the government (1823)
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Age of Santa Anna (1829–1846)

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An animated map detailing the territorial evolution of Mexico from 1824–1974.
Centralist Republic of Mexico (1835–1846)
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Armed opposition (1835–1840)
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A map detailing the Centralist Republic of Mexico with the separatist movements generated by its dissolution.
  Independent territories
  Territories claimed by the Republic of Texas
  Territories claimed by the Republic of the Rio Grande
  Rebellions
Texas war for independence (1835–1836)
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Mexican–American War (1846)
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Second Federal Republic of Mexico (1846–1863)

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Mexican–American War (1846–1848)

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An overview map of the Mexican–American War including engagements of the Pacific Coast campaign.

La Reforma (c. 1833 – 1855)

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Santa Anna dictatorship (1853–1855)

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Alvarez Presidency (1855)

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Juarez Presidency (1857–1872)

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Reform War (1857–1860)
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A map of Mexico showing the location of the Crabb massacre.
Foreign intervention (1861–1863)
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Second Mexican Empire (1864–1867)

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Restored Republic (1867–1876)

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Contemporary Mexico (1876 – Present)

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Porfiriato (1876–1911)

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A map showing the location of the Crawford affair (in 1886) during the Geronimo campaign.

Revolutionary Mexico (1911–1928)

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Madero presidency (1911–1913)
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A map detailing principal battles during the fight to oust Porfirio Díaz (1910–1911). Most action was in the northern border area, with the Battle of Ciudad Juárez being a decisive blow, but the struggle in Morelos by the Zapatistas was also extremely important, since the state was just south of the Mexican capital.
A map detailing the various battles between the Villistas and United States Armed Forces (1915–1920).
A map detailing the Mexico–United States border. The border spans four U.S. states, six Mexican states, and has over twenty commercial crossings.
A map of Mexico showing conflict zones of the Cristero War and regions in which outbreaks occurred
  Large-scale outbreaks
  Moderate outbreaks
  Sporadic outbreaks
Counter-revolution and civil war (1913–1915)
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Constitutionalists in power (1915–1920)
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Calles presidency (1924–1928)
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Maximato (1928–1934)

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Mexico under the PNR (1929–1988)

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Mexico under the PNR (1929–1938)
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Mexico under the PRM (1938–1946)
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Camacho presidency (1940–1946)
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Mexico under the PRI (1946–1988)
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A photograph of a P-51 Mustang from the Guatemalan Air Force firing warning shots at a Mexican fishing vessel crossing the nautical border into Guatemala in 1958.

Chiapas conflict (1994 – Present)

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Mexican drug war (2006 – Present)

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References

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Category:Wars involving Mexico Mexico Category:History of Mexico Wars Category:Lists of events in Mexico Category:History of South America

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