दया

See also: द्य, दिया, and द्यु

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit दया (dayā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /d̪ə.jɑː/, [d̪ɐ.jäː], /d̪ə.jᵊ/, [d̪ɐ.jᵊ]

Noun

दया • (dayā) f (Urdu spelling دیا)

1. pity, mercy

   मुझे उस पर दया आ गई। ― mujhe us par dayā ā gaī ― I took pity on him.

   उसका दिल दया से पिघल गया। ― uskā dil dayā se pighal gayā ― His heart melted with pity.

Declension

Declension of दया (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	दया dayā	दयाएँ dayāẽ
oblique	दया dayā	दयाओं dayāõ
vocative	दया dayā	दयाओ dayāo

Synonyms

• (less common) रहम (raham)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “दया”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit दया (dayā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ə.ja/

Noun

दया • (dayā) f

1. kindness, mercy, pity

   Synonym: करुणा (karuṇā)

Declension

Declension of दया (fem ā-stem)
direct singular	दया dayā
direct plural	दया dayā
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	दया dayā		दया dayā
oblique सामान्यरूप	दये daye		दयां- dayān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	दयेला dayelā		दयांना dayānnā
ergative	दयेने, दयेनं dayene, dayena		दयांनी dayānnī
instrumental	दयेशी dayeśī		दयांशी dayānśī
locative सप्तमी	दयेत dayet		दयांत dayāt
vocative संबोधन	दये daye		दयांनो dayānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of दया (fem ā-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	दयेचा dayeċā	दयेचे dayeċe	दयेची dayecī	दयेच्या dayecā	दयेचे, दयेचं dayeċe, dayeċa	दयेची dayecī	दयेच्या dayecā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	दयांचा dayānċā	दयांचे dayānċe	दयांची dayāñcī	दयांच्या dayāncā	दयांचे, दयांचं dayānċe, dayānċa	दयांची dayāñcī	दयांच्या dayāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “दया”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• দয়া (Assamese script)
• ᬤᬬᬵ (Balinese script)
• দয়া (Bengali script)
• 𑰟𑰧𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀤𑀬𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• ဒယာ (Burmese script)
• દયા (Gujarati script)
• ਦਯਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌦𑌯𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦢꦪꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂠𑂨𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ದಯಾ (Kannada script)
• ទយា (Khmer script)
• ທຍາ (Lao script)
• ദയാ (Malayalam script)
• ᡩᠠᠶᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘟𑘧𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᢑᠠᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦿𑧇𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐡𑐫𑐵 (Newa script)
• ଦଯା (Odia script)
• ꢣꢫꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆢𑆪𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖟𑖧𑖯 (Siddham script)
• දයා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩭𑩻𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚛𑚣𑚭 (Takri script)
• த³யா (Tamil script)
• దయా (Telugu script)
• ทยา (Thai script)
• ད་ཡཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒠𑒨𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨛𑨪𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root दय् (day, “to divide, impart, take part in”). Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂-.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɐ.jɑː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪ɐ.jɑː/
• Hyphenation: द‧या

Noun

दया • (dayā) stem, f

1. sympathy
2. compassion
3. pity
4. mercy

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of दया (dayā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	दया dayā	दये daye	दयाः dayāḥ
Vocative	दये daye	दये daye	दयाः dayāḥ
Accusative	दयाम् dayām	दये daye	दयाः dayāḥ
Instrumental	दयया / दया¹ dayayā / dayā¹	दयाभ्याम् dayābhyām	दयाभिः dayābhiḥ
Dative	दयायै dayāyai	दयाभ्याम् dayābhyām	दयाभ्यः dayābhyaḥ
Ablative	दयायाः / दयायै² dayāyāḥ / dayāyai²	दयाभ्याम् dayābhyām	दयाभ्यः dayābhyaḥ
Genitive	दयायाः / दयायै² dayāyāḥ / dayāyai²	दययोः dayayoḥ	दयानाम् dayānām
Locative	दयायाम् dayāyām	दययोः dayayoḥ	दयासु dayāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• → Bengali: দয়া (doẏa)
• → Hindi: दया (dayā)
• → Marathi: दया (dayā)
• → Old Javanese: dayā
• Pali: dayā
• → Tamil: தயை (tayai), தயவு (tayavu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “दया”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 469/3, 470/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 20-1