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弟

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
弟 U+5F1F, 弟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F1F
← 弞
[U+5F1E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 张 →
[U+5F20]

Translingual

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Han character

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Stroke order
0 strokes

弟 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 金弓中竹 (CNLH), four-corner 80227, composition ⿹弚丿)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 357, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9737
  • Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 244, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5F1F

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 弟
2nd round simp. ⿹兯丿
alternative forms 𠂖

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 弟
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (弟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
梯 *tʰiːl
睇 *tʰiːl, *diːls
涕 *tʰiːlʔ, *tʰiːls
挮 *tʰiːlʔ
鬀 *tʰiːls, *diːls
剃 *tʰiːls
綈 *diːl
蕛 *diːl
稊 *diːl
苐 *diːl
鵜 *diːl
銻 *diːl
鮷 *diːl
罤 *diːl
弟 *diːlʔ, *diːls
娣 *diːlʔ, *diːls
悌 *diːlʔ, *diːls
第 *diːls

Pictogram (象形) of a spear handle wrapped in a leather strap. The wrapping signified order or sequence, which extended to "younger brother".

Pronunciation 1

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Note: hai4 - in 阿弟.
Note: thâi/taiˋ/tai1 - vernacular, in 老弟.
Note:
  • di5 - vernacular;
  • de5 - literary.
Note:
  • tī/tǐ - vernacular;
  • tē/tě - literary;
  • tî/ti/tih - limited, e.g 阿弟, 弟弟.
Note:
  • di5 - vernacular;
  • di4 - literary.
Rime
Character 弟 弟
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 齊 (39) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) IV IV
Fanqie 徒禮切 特計切
Baxter dejX dejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/deiX/ /deiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/deiX/ /deiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɛiX/ /dɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dɛjX/ /dɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/deiX/ /deiH/
Wang
Li 		/dieiX/ /dieiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/dʱieiX/ /dʱieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dì dì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dai6 dai6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 弟
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dejX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*lˁəjʔ/
English younger brother

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 弟 弟
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 2294 2297
Phonetic
component 		弟 弟
Rime
group 		脂 脂
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		弟 第
Old
Chinese 		/*diːlʔ/ /*diːls/
Notes 甲金文象繩束弋（朱芳圃說），繞弋繩須次第不亂方利於射，
爲第初文

Definitions

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弟

  1. younger brother
  2. junior male
  3. (literary, humble) I; me (between male friends)
  4. Original form of 第 (dì, “sequence”).

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Thai: ตี๋ (dtǐi, “younger brother”) (said by Chinese race)

Synonyms

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  • (younger brother):
Dialectal synonyms of 弟弟 (“younger brother”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 弟
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 弟弟
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 兄弟, 弟弟
Taiwan 弟弟
Harbin 兄弟, 弟弟
Malaysia 弟弟
Singapore 弟弟
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 兄弟, 弟弟
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 兄兒, 兄弟
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 兄弟
Wanrong 兄弟 male speaker, 弟子 female speaker
Xi'an 兄弟
Xining 兄弟, 弟弟
Xuzhou 弟弟, 兄弟
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 兄弟
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 兄弟
Ürümqi 弟弟, 兄弟, 富康子
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 弟娃兒, 兄弟, 弟弟
Wuhan 弟弟, 兄弟
Guiyang 弟, 兄弟, 弟弟 childish
Liuzhou 弟, 阿弟, 老弟
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 弟弟, 兄弟
Yangzhou 兄弟, 弟弟
Nantong 弟子
Hefei 兄弟, 弟弟
Cantonese Guangzhou 細佬, 弟弟
Hong Kong 細佬, 弟弟
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 細佬
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 細佬
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 細佬
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 阿弟
Macau 細佬
Guangzhou (Panyu) 細佬
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 細佬
Guangzhou (Conghua) 細佬
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 細佬
Foshan 細佬
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 細佬
Foshan (Shunde) 細佬
Foshan (Sanshui) 細佬
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 細佬
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 細佬
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 細佬
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 細佬
Zhuhai (Doumen) 細佬
Jiangmen (Baisha) 細佬
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 細佬
Taishan 細佬, 阿弟, 細, 弟
Kaiping (Chikan) 阿弟, 細佬
Enping (Niujiang) 阿弟
Heshan (Yayao) 細佬
Dongguan 細佬, 弟弟
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 細佬
Shaoguan 細佬
Yangjiang 小弟
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 細佬
Singapore (Guangfu) 細佬
Gan Nanchang 老弟, 兄弟
Lichuan 弟
Pingxiang 老弟
Hakka Meixian 老弟, 老弟仔
Xingning 老弟, 老弟里
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 老弟
Huiyang 老弟
Huidong (Daling) 老弟
Dongguan (Qingxi) 老弟
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 老弟
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 老弟
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 老弟
Wuhua (Huacheng) 老弟
Wuhua (Changbu) 老弟
Wuhua (Mianyang) 老弟
Wuhua (Meilin) 老弟
Heyuan (Bendihua) 老弟
Wengyuan 老弟
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 老弟
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 老弟
Liannan 老弟
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 弟弟
Jiexi 老弟
Luhe 老弟
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 阿弟
Changting 老弟
Wuping 老弟
Wuping (Yanqian) 老弟子
Wuping (Pingyu) 老弟子
Liancheng 老弟
Ninghua 老弟
Yudu 老弟
Ningdu 老弟
Ruijin 老弟
Shicheng 老弟
Shangyou (Shexi) 老弟
Tonggu (Sandu) 老弟
Ganzhou (Panlong) 老弟
Dayu 弟佬
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 老弟
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 老弟
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 老弟
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 老弟
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 老弟
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 阿弟
Hong Kong 老弟
Yangxi (Tangkou) 老弟
Yangchun (Sanjia) 細佬
Xinyi (Sihe) 老弟, 細佬
Xinyi (Qianpai) 老弟, 細佬
Gaozhou (Xindong) 老弟
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 老弟
Huazhou (Xin'an) 老弟
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 老弟
Lianjiang (Qingping) 阿弟, 老弟
Mengshan (Xihe) 老弟
Luchuan 老弟
Sabah (Bao'an) 老弟
Sabah (Longchuan) 老弟
Senai (Huiyang) 老弟
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 老弟
Singkawang 阿弟, 老弟
Huizhou Jixi 弟
Jin Taiyuan 兄弟, 弟弟
Xinzhou 兄弟
Northern Min Jian'ou 弟仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 依弟 face-to-face, 弟
Southern Min Xiamen 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
Quanzhou 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
Zhangzhou 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
Zhao'an 細弟仔, 細弟
Kaohsiung 小弟
Yilan 小弟
Changhua (Lukang) 小弟
Taichung 小弟
Taichung (Wuqi) 小弟
Tainan 小弟
Taitung 小弟
Hsinchu 小弟
Penghu (Magong) 小弟
Penang (Hokkien) 小弟, 阿棣
Singapore (Hokkien) 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
Manila (Hokkien) 小弟
Chaozhou 阿弟
Shantou 阿弟
Jieyang 阿弟
Haifeng 阿弟, 弟, 弟弟
Bangkok (Teochew) 阿弟
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 阿弟
Singapore (Teochew) 阿弟
Leizhou 老弟
Haikou 老弟 non-face-to-face, 阿弟 face-to-face
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 細佬, 弟弟
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 細佬
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 老弟
Wu Shanghai 弟弟, 阿弟, 兄弟
Shanghai (Chongming) 兄弟
Suzhou 兄弟, 弟弟
Danyang 弟子
Hangzhou 阿弟, 弟弟
Ningbo 阿弟, 弟弟 face-to-face
Wenzhou 阿弟
Jinhua 弟
Xiang Changsha 老弟, 弟弟
Loudi 老弟
Shuangfeng 老弟, 弟弟
Hengyang 老弟

Pronunciation 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 弟 – see 悌 (“to love and respect one's elder brothers; peaceful; at ease”).
(This character is an ancient form of 悌).

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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弟

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
弟
おと
Grade: 2
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 弟 – see the following entry.
【乙おと】S
[noun] [from 712] (archaic) a younger sibling
[noun] [from late 1500s] (archaic) the youngest sibling
[noun] [from late 1500s] (archaic) clipping of 乙娘 (oto musume) a young woman
[noun] [from late 1500s] (archaic, Noh theater) clipping of 乙御前 (oto goze): a stock character in 狂言 (kyōgen) comic interludes, played as a plump and clumsy but earnest young woman
[prefix] applied to a noun denoting a person, or to a person's name:
[prefix] next, younger, youngest
[prefix] beautiful, beloved, cute, dear
(This term, 弟, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

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 弟 on Japanese Wikipedia
弟 (otōto): the orange highlighting indicates the younger brother relative to all of the children to the left.
Kanji in this term
弟
おとうと
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

/otopito/ → /otoɸito/ → /otowito/ → /*otowuto/ → /otouto/ → /otoːto/

Originally a compound of 弟 (oto, “younger sibling”) +‎ 人 (hito, “person”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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弟(おとうと) • (otōto) 

  1. one’s own younger brother
  2. a younger male

(alternative reading hiragana おとっ, rōmaji oto')

  1. (Kagoshima) younger brother
Usage notes
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Used when referring to one’s own younger brother. To refer to someone else’s younger brother, the suffixed form 弟さん (otōto-san) is used instead. When addressing one’s own younger brother, the given name is used, often with a suffix, such as 太郎君 (Tarō-kun). Contrast with addressing one’s own older brother, when one uses the honorific お兄さん (onīsan).

References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 弟 (MC dejX).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [제(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

弟 (eumhun 아우 제 (au je))

  1. hanja form? of 제 (“younger brother”)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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弟: Hán Nôm readings: đệ, dễ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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