皿

See also: 血 and 罒

皿 U+76BF, 皿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76BF ← 皾 [U+76BE] CJK Unified Ideographs 盀 → [U+76C0]

⽫ U+2F6B, ⽫ KANGXI RADICAL DISH ← ⽪ [U+2F6A] Kangxi Radicals ⽬ → [U+2F6C]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

皿 (Kangxi radical 108, 皿+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 月廿 (BT), four-corner 7710₀, composition ⿴𠀃⿰丨丨 or ⿱𦉫一)

1. Kangxi radical #108, ⽫.

Derived characters

• Appendix:Chinese radical/皿
• 𠰘, 㳑, 𭜛, 𫒏, 血, 𠱄, 孟, 𡘃, 𪭌, 昷, 㭗, 泴, 𥥊, 笽, 蛊, 𬵉, 𪉟, 齍
• 𭮓, 𭸒, 𫴃, 𨡰, 𥂳, 𨣓, 𪉩, 𪉶, 蠱, 𦱣, 𦷐, 𦹧, 𦻌, 𦼬, 䕄, 𦿘, 𧀽, 𧂚, 𮆊, 𥶊, 鹽
• 𢴕, 𤡛, 𥢃, 橀, 醯, 醓, 䭍, 𤎏, 簋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 792, character 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22941
• Dae Jaweon: page 1207, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2557, character 1
• Unihan data for U+76BF

Chinese

simp. and trad.		皿
2nd round simp.		𠀃

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 皿
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (皿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
猛	*mraːŋʔ
艋	*mraːŋʔ
蜢	*mraːŋʔ
皿	*maŋʔ
孟	*mraːŋs

Pictogram (象形) A pictograph of an empty container, such as a chalice. The handles are conjoined in the modern form.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mǐn, mǐng (min³, ming³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ, ㄇㄧㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ming⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mén
• Jin (Wiktionary): ming²
• Northern Min (KCR): měng
• Eastern Min (BUC): mīng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ming³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): béng / bín

  (Teochew, Peng'im): mêng²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶min; ⁵min
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): min³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
    • Wade–Giles: min³
    • Yale: mǐn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
    • Palladius: минь (minʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /min²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǐng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǐng
    • Wade–Giles: ming³
    • Yale: mǐng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miing
    • Palladius: мин (min)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ming⁵
    • Yale: míhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ming⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: ming⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɪŋ¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mén
    • Hakka Romanization System: men^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: men³
    • Sinological IPA: /men³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ming²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /miŋ⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: měng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /meiŋ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: mīng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ming³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ming³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: béng
    • Tâi-lô: bíng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: beang
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /biɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
    • Tâi-lô: bín
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bien
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/

Note:

• béng - literary;
• bín - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: mêng²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: méng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /meŋ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶min; ⁵min
    • MiniDict: min^去; 'min^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³min; ²'min
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /min²³/, /min³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: min³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /min⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: mjaengX

Rime
Character	皿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	武永切
Baxter	mjaengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠiæŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚiaŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/miaŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/miajŋX/
Li Rong	/miɐŋX/
Wang Li	/mĭɐŋX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mi̯ɐŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mǐng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ming5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mraŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*maŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皿
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ mjængX ›
Old Chinese	/*mraŋʔ/
English	vessel, bowl
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皿
Reading #	1/1
No.	9151
Phonetic component	皿
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	皿
Old Chinese	/*maŋʔ/

Definitions

皿

1. dish; vessel

   培養皿／培养皿  ―  péiyǎngmǐn  ―  Petri dish

Usage notes

• As a component of other characters, 皿 can be referred to as 皿字底 (mǐnzìdǐ), 皿墩 (mǐndūn) or 皿墩兒／皿墩儿 (mǐndūnr).

Compounds

• 北皿
• 南皿
• 器皿 (qìmǐn)
• 培養皿 / 培养皿 (péiyǎngmǐn)
• 皿卷
• 皿器
• 皿字底 (mǐnzìdǐ)
• 皿金
• 美耐皿 (měinàimǐn)
• 金皿

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 皿 – see 四 (“four; four directions; all directions; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 四).

Japanese

Kanji

皿

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: みょう (myō)^{←みやう (myau, historical)}
• Kan-on: べい (bei)
• Kun: さら (sara, 皿, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
皿
さら Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
盤

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *sara.

Attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 娑羅 (sara).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) さら [sàrá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [sa̠ɾa̠]

Noun

皿(さら) • (sara) 

1. dish, plate

Descendants

• → Korean: 사라 (sara)

Korean

Hanja

皿 (eumhun 그릇 명 (geureut myeong))

1. hanja form^? of 명 (“dish”)

Vietnamese

Han character

皿: Hán Nôm readings: mãnh, mảng, mảnh, mịn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.