苗

苗 U+82D7, 苗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82D7 ← 苖 [U+82D6] CJK Unified Ideographs 苘 → [U+82D8]

Translingual

Han character

苗 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿田 (TW), four-corner 4460₀, composition ⿱艹田)

Derived characters

• 㑤, 喵, 媌, 𪣲, 庿, 描, 渵, 瞄, 緢, 貓 (猫), 錨 (锚), 鶓, (鹋), 𠪄, 𣈴, 𣬍, 𤋙

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1022, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30781
• Dae Jaweon: page 1481, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3191, character 2
• Unihan data for U+82D7

Chinese

trad.		苗
simp. #		苗

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 苗
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Qin slip script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (苗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
貓	*mreːw, *mrew
描	*mreːw, *mrew
媌	*mreːw, *mreːwʔ
緢	*mreːwʔ, *mreːws, *mrew
苗	*mrew
猫	*mrew
庿	*mrews

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 艸 (“grass”) + 田 (“field”).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(m/b)rəw (“grain; seed; lineage”) (STEDT); see 物 (OC *mɯd, “thing, matter, substance”) for more cognates.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): miáo (miao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄠˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): miao²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): miu⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): miau³

• Gan (Wiktionary): mieu⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): mèu

  (Hailu, HRS): miau

  (Meixian, Guangdong): miau²

• Jin (Wiktionary): miau¹
• Northern Min (KCR): miâu
• Eastern Min (BUC): mièu
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bieo²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): biâu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): miou⁵ / miao⁵ / bhiê⁵ / bhio⁵

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): miao⁵

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): miu⁴
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶miau
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): miau²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: miáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: miáo
    • Wade–Giles: miao²
    • Yale: myáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miau
    • Palladius: мяо (mjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: miáor
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄠˊㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: miáor
    • Wade–Giles: miao²-ʼrh
    • Yale: myáur
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miaul
    • Palladius: мяор (mjaor)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: miao²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: miao
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miau²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: miu⁴
    • Yale: mìuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: miu⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: miu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miːu̯²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: miau³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐbiau²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: mieu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miɛu³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mèu
    • Hakka Romanization System: meu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: meu²
    • Sinological IPA: /meu̯¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: miau
    • Sinological IPA: /miau⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: miau²
    • Sinological IPA: /miau¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: miau¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /miau¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: miâu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miau³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: mièu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mieu⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: bieo²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bá̤u
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pieu¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: biâu
    • Tâi-lô: biâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: biaau
    • IPA (Xiamen): /biau²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /biau²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /biau¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /biau²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /biau²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: miou⁵ / miao⁵ / bhiê⁵ / bhio⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: miôu / miâu / biê / biô
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miou⁵⁵/, /miau⁵⁵/, /bie⁵⁵/, /bio⁵⁵/

Note:

• miou5, bhiê5 - Chaozhou;
• miao5, bhio5 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang;
• miou5/miao5 - surname.

• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: miao⁵
  • Sinological IPA: /miau²²/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: miu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miu²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶miau
    • MiniDict: miau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³miau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /miɔ²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: miau²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯ɒu̯¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: mjew

Rime
Character	苗
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	宵 (92)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	武瀌切
Baxter	mjew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/miæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/miaw/
Li Rong	/mjɛu/
Wang Li	/mĭɛu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mi̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	miáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	miu4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m(r)aw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mrew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	苗
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	miáo
Middle Chinese	‹ mjew ›
Old Chinese	/*m(r)aw/
English	sprout (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	苗
Reading #	1/1
No.	9108
Phonetic component	苗
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	苗
Old Chinese	/*mrew/

Definitions

苗

1. seedling; shoot; sprout (Classifier: 株; 根)

   麥苗／麦苗  ―  màimiáo  ―  wheat seedling

   蒜苗  ―  suànmiáo  ―  garlic shoot

   間苗／间苗  ―  jiànmiáo  ―  to thin out seedlings

2. shoot-like object

   火苗  ―  huǒmiáo  ―  tongue of flame

3. descendant (of a family); offspring

   獨苗／独苗  ―  dúmiáo  ―  only child

4. symptom (of a trend)

   苗頭／苗头  ―  miáotóu  ―  symptom of a trend; first signs

   礦苗／矿苗  ―  kuàngmiáo  ―  outcrop

5. young (of an animal)

   魚苗／鱼苗  ―  yúmiáo  ―  fry (young fish)

6. Short for 疫苗 (yìmiáo, “vaccine”).

   卡介苗  ―  kǎjièmiáo  ―  Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine

7. the Miao peoples (including Hmong, Hmu, A-Hmao, Qo Xiong, etc.)

   苗語／苗语  ―  miáoyǔ  ―  Miao languages

   苗繡／苗绣  ―  miáoxiù  ―  Miao embroidery

8. a surname

   苗翠花  ―  Miáo Cuìhuā  ―  Miu Tsui-fa (mother of fictional martial artist Fong Sai-yuk)

Synonyms

• (descendant):

edit

• 下輩 / 下辈 (xiàbèi)
• 仔孫 / 仔孙 (zai² syun¹) (Cantonese)
• 兒孫 / 儿孙 (érsūn)
• 囝孫 / 囝孙 (Min)
• 子孫 / 子孙 (zǐsūn)
• 子胤 (zǐyìn) (literary)
• 孫子 / 孙子 (literary)
• 後人 / 后人 (hòurén)
• 後代 / 后代 (hòudài)
• 後嗣 / 后嗣 (hòusì)
• 後生 / 后生 (hòushēng) (literary)
• 後裔 / 后裔 (hòuyì)
• 根 (gēn) (figurative)
• 緒餘 / 绪余 (xùyú) (literary)
• 遺裔 / 遗裔 (yíyì) (literary)
• 餘緒 / 余绪 (yúxù) (literary)

• (symptom of a trend):

edit

• 徵候兒 / 征候儿 (zhēnghour) (Beijing Mandarin)
• 意思
• 景象 (jǐngxiàng) (literary)
• 眉目 (méimu)
• 端倪 (duānní)
• 線索 / 线索 (xiànsuǒ)
• 跡象 / 迹象 (jìxiàng)
• 頭緒 / 头绪 (tóuxù)
• 頭路 / 头路 (tóulù) (colloquial)

Compounds

• 三苗 (Sānmiáo)
• 事苗
• 互別苗頭 / 互别苗头
• 保苗 (bǎomiáo)
• 全苗
• 出苗 (chūmiáo)
• 別苗頭 / 别苗头 (biémiáotóu)
• 卡介苗 (kǎjièmiáo)
• 口是心苗
• 口服疫苗
• 嘉苗
• 場苗 / 场苗
• 壯苗 / 壮苗
• 夏苗
• 嫩苗
• 孽苗
• 定苗
• 寶苗 / 宝苗
• 山苗
• 幼苗 (yòumiáo)
• 心苗
• 恩施土家族苗族自治州 (Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu)
• 情苗
• 愁苗
• 拔苗助長 / 拔苗助长 (bámiáozhùzhǎng)
• 括苗
• 揠苗
• 揠苗助長 / 揠苗助长 (yàmiáozhùzhǎng)
• 放青苗 (fàngqīngmiáo)
• 新苗 (xīnmiáo)
• 旱苗 (hànmiáo)
• 旱苗得雨
• 昆苗
• 時苗 / 时苗
• 月苗苗
• 有根有苗
• 有苗
• 有苗頭 / 有苗头
• 村苗
• 枝苗
• 枯苗
• 根苗 (gēnmiáo)
• 格苗
• 條苗 / 条苗
• 植苗
• 楚苗
• 樹苗 / 树苗 (shùmiáo)
• 沙克疫苗
• 沙賓疫苗 / 沙宾疫苗
• 油苗
• 活性疫苗
• 混合疫苗
• 漢苗 / 汉苗
• 火苗 (huǒmiáo)
• 煙苗 / 烟苗
• 熟苗
• 燈苗 / 灯苗
• 牛痘苗 (niúdòumiáo)
• 牻牛兒苗 / 牻牛儿苗
• 狆苗
• 獨根苗 / 独根苗
• 獨苗 / 独苗 (dúmiáo)
• 獨苗苗 / 独苗苗
• 玉苗
• 玉雞苗 / 玉鸡苗
• 現世生苗 / 现世生苗
• 生苗
• 田苗
• 疫苗 (yìmiáo)
• 痘苗 (dòumiáo)
• 白喉疫苗
• 直苗苗
• 礦苗 / 矿苗
• 禍苗 / 祸苗
• 禾苗 (hémiáo)
• 秋苗
• 秧苗 (yāngmiáo)
• 稻苗 (dàomiáo)
• 窮苗苦根 / 穷苗苦根
• 箭苗
• 老苗
• 育苗 (yùmiáo)
• 花苗 (huāmiáo)
• 苗人 (miáorén)
• 苗信
• 苗兒 / 苗儿
• 苗嗣
• 苗圃 (miáopǔ)
• 苗子 (miáozi)
• 苗床 (miáochuáng)
• 苗扈
• 苗文 (miáowén)
• 苗族 (Miáozú)
• 苗木 (miáomù)
• 苗末
• 苗栗 (Miáolì)
• 苗條 / 苗条 (miáotiáo)
• 苗民
• 苗父
• 苗狩
• 苗瑤語族 / 苗瑶语族
• 苗田
• 苗疆 (Miáojiāng)
• 苗稼
• 苗米
• 苗緒 / 苗绪
• 苗而不秀
• 苗胄
• 苗胤 (miáoyìn)
• 苗脈 / 苗脉
• 苗茨
• 苗薑 / 苗姜
• 苗薅
• 苗裔 (miáoyì)
• 苗語 / 苗语 (miáoyǔ)
• 苗頭 / 苗头 (miáotou)
• 草苗
• 荻苗
• 蒜苗 (suànmiáo)
• 蒐苗
• 蟶苗 / 蛏苗
• 見世生苗 / 见世生苗
• 豆苗 (dòumiáo)
• 豌豆苗
• 買青苗 / 买青苗
• 蹲苗
• 遐苗
• 遺苗 / 遗苗
• 金苗
• 鈍根苗 / 钝根苗
• 銀苗 / 银苗
• 銀苗菜 / 银苗菜
• 鋤苗 / 锄苗
• 閒苗 / 闲苗
• 雲苗 / 云苗
• 露苗 (lòumiáo)
• 靈苗 / 灵苗
• 青苗 (qīngmiáo)
• 青苗法
• 青苗錢 / 青苗钱
• 食苗
• 養苗 / 养苗
• 餘苗 / 余苗
• 魚苗 / 鱼苗 (yúmiáo)
• 麥苗 / 麦苗 (màimiáo)
• 黍苗
• 黎苗
• 鼠苗
• 鼻苗

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 苗 – see 鱙. (This character is a variant form of 鱙).

References

• “苗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “苗”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 157.

Japanese

Kanji

苗

(Jōyō kanji)

1. seedling; young plant

Readings

• Go-on: みょう (myō)^{←めう (meu, historical)}
• Kan-on: びょう (byō, Jōyō)^{←べう (beu, historical)}
• Kun: なえ (nae, 苗, Jōyō)、なわ (nawa, 苗, Jōyō ^†)、かり (kari)

Compounds

• 苗裔(びょうえい) (byōei)
• 苗圃(びょうほ) (byōho)
• 苗栗(びょうりつ) (byōritsu)
• 育苗(いくびょう) (ikubyō)
• 種苗(しゅびょう) (shubyō)
• 痘苗(とうびょう) (Tōbyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
苗
なえ Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *napay.

Apophonic form of 苗(なわ) (nawa, “seedling”, bound form, only used in compounds), similar to nouns such as 神 (kami, kan-, kamu-, “god”) and 目 (me, ma-, “eye”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) なえ [náꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [na̠e̞]

Noun

苗(なえ) • (nae) ^{←なへ (nafe)?}

1. seedling; young plant

Derived terms

• 苗木(なえぎ) (naegi)
• 苗床(なえとこ) (naetoko)
• 早苗(さなえ) (sanae)

Korean

Hanja

苗 (eumhun 모 묘 (mo myo))

1. hanja form^? of 묘 (“sprouts”)
2. hanja form^? of 묘 (“Miao people”)

Vietnamese

Han character

苗: Hán Nôm readings: meo, miêu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.