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洗

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
洗 U+6D17, 洗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D17
← 洖
[U+6D16] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 洘 →
[U+6D18]

Translingual

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Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

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洗 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水竹土山 (EHGU), four-corner 34111, composition ⿰氵先)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 620, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17379
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1016, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1608, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+6D17

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (先) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
洗 *sɯːlʔ, *sɯːnʔ
先 *sɯːn, *sɯːns
銑 *sɯːnʔ
跣 *sɯːnʔ
毨 *sɯːnʔ
姺 *sɯːnʔ, *srin
筅 *sɯːnʔ
冼 *sɯːnʔ
箲 *sɯːnʔ
駪 *srin
兟 *srin
詵 *srin
侁 *srin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sɯːlʔ, *sɯːnʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 先 (OC *sɯːn, *sɯːns).

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/b-s(j)il ~ *m/b-sjal (“to wash; to bathe”) (STEDT). Cognate with 洒 (OC *sraːls, *sɯːlʔ, “to wash”), Tibetan བསིལ (bsil, “to wash”), Mizo sil (“to wash”); more distant cognates may include Burmese ဆေး (hce:, “to wash”).

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 洗
alternative forms 洒
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • sóe - colloquial;
    • sé - literary.
Rime
Character 洗
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 先禮切
Baxter sejX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/seiX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/seiX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sɛiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/sɛjX/
Li
Rong 		/seiX/
Wang
Li 		/sieiX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/sieiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sai2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 洗
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sejX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[s]ˁərʔ/
English wash

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 洗
Reading # 1/2
No. 13457
Phonetic
component 		先
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		洗
Old
Chinese 		/*sɯːlʔ/
Definitions
[edit]

洗

  1. to wash; to rinse
    洗衣  ―  xǐyī  ―  to wash clothes
    洗碗  ―  xǐwǎn  ―  to wash the dishes
  2. to clean; to purify
  3. to redress; to right
  4. (religion) baptism
    洗禮／洗礼  ―  xǐlǐ  ―  baptism
    施洗  ―  shīxǐ  ―  to administer baptism; to baptize
    受洗  ―  shòuxǐ  ―  to receive baptism; to be baptized
  5. to kill and loot; to sack
    清洗  ―  qīngxǐ  ―  to purge
    洗劫  ―  xǐjié  ―  to loot
  6. (photography) to develop (a photo)
    沖洗／冲洗  ―  chōngxǐ  ―  to develop a photo
  7. (photography, figurative, colloquial) to print (a photo) from digital camera
  8. to clear; to erase (a recording, a file, etc.)
  9. (card games) to shuffle
    洗牌  ―  xǐpái  ―  to shuffle cards
    這些牌還沒洗過。 [MSC, trad.]
    这些牌还没洗过。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhèxiē pái hái méi xǐ guò. [Pinyin]
    These cards haven't been shuffled yet.
  10. (derogatory) to whitewash
    這都能洗？／这都能洗？  ―  Zhè dōu néng xǐ?  ―  You can even cover up something like this?
  11. (Northern Min) to give birth to; to beget
Synonyms
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  • (to wash):
Dialectal synonyms of 洗 (“to wash”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 洗
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 洗
Taiwan 洗
Singapore 洗
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 洗
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 洗
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 洗
Wuhan 洗
Guilin 洗
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 洗
Hefei 洗
Cantonese Guangzhou 洗
Hong Kong 洗
Yangjiang 洗
Singapore (Guangfu) 洗
Gan Nanchang 洗
Hakka Meixian 洗
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 洗
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 洗
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 洗
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 洗
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 洗
Jin Taiyuan 洗
Northern Min Jian'ou 洗
Eastern Min Fuzhou 洗
Southern Min Xiamen 洗
Singapore (Hokkien) 洗
Chaozhou 洗
Singapore (Teochew) 洗
Singapore (Hainanese) 洗
Wu Shanghai 汏
Shanghai (Songjiang) 汏, 淨
Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) 汏
Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) 汏
Suzhou 汏
Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) 汏
Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) 汏
Wuxi 汏
Changshu 汏
Kunshan 汏
Jiaxing 汏
Changzhou 洗, 揩, 汏
Liyang 洗
Changzhou (Jintan) 洗
Yixing 汏
Danyang 洗
Danyang (Tongjiaqiao) 洗
Jingjiang 洗
Jiangyin 代, 汏 rare
Huzhou (Shuanglin) 汏
Hangzhou 汏, 洗
Hangzhou (Yuhang) 汏
Zhuji (Wangjiajing) 洗
Shengzhou (Taiping) 洗
Ningbo ⿰氵丈
Yuyao 汏
Taizhou (Huangyan) 洗, 汏
Wenzhou 洗, 盪
Quzhou 洗, 汏 rare
Jinhua 洗, 汏
Yongkang 洗
Xiang Changsha 洗
Shuangfeng 洗
  • (to develop a photo): 沖洗／冲洗 (chōngxǐ)
  • (to give birth to):
Dialectal synonyms of 生 (“to give birth to”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 生
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 生
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 生
Singapore 生
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 生
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 生
Ürümqi 生
Southwestern Mandarin Wuhan 生
Cantonese Guangzhou 生, 臊
Hong Kong 生, 臊
Dongguan 生
Singapore (Guangfu) 生
Gan Nanchang 生
Huizhou Jixi 生
Jin Taiyuan 生
Northern Min Jian'ou 洗
Eastern Min Fuzhou 生
Southern Min Xiamen 生
Quanzhou 生
Zhangzhou 生
Tainan 生
Singapore (Hokkien) 生
Manila (Hokkien) 生
Singapore (Teochew) 生
Haikou 生
Wu Shanghai 養 especially of human beings, 生
Suzhou 養 especially of human beings, 生
Wenzhou 生
Jinhua 生
Xiang Loudi 生
Compounds
[edit]

Pronunciation 2

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 洗
alternative forms 冼
Rime
Character 洗
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 蘇典切
Baxter senX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/senX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/senX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sɛnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/sɛnX/
Li
Rong 		/senX/
Wang
Li 		/sienX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/sienX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xiǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sin2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 洗
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xiǎn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ senX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*sˁərʔ/
English wash

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 洗
Reading # 2/2
No. 13460
Phonetic
component 		先
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		銑
Old
Chinese 		/*sɯːnʔ/
Definitions
[edit]

洗

  1. † to wash one's feet
  2. a surname
Compounds
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Etymology 2

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 洗

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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洗

  1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 使 (“to need”)

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of 洗 – see 㭠 (“large jujube”).
(This character is a variant form of 㭠).

Etymology 4

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For pronunciation and definitions of 洗 – see 洒 (“respectful; fearful”).
(This character is a variant form of 洒).

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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洗

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to wash

Readings

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  • Go-on: さい (sai)、せん (sen, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: せい (sei)、せん (sen, Jōyō)
  • Kun: あらう (arau, 洗う, Jōyō)

Korean

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Hanja

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洗 (eumhun 씻을 세 (ssiseul se))

  1. hanja form? of 세 (“wash”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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洗: Hán Nôm readings: tẩy, dẫy, giẫy, rải, rảy, tiển

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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