cenedl

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh kenedyl, from Old Welsh kenedel (“kindred, family to the ninth degree of kinship”), from Proto-Brythonic *kenedl, from Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“family”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken-.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkɛnɛdl/, [ˈkʰɛnɛdl̩ˠ]
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkeːnɛdl/, [ˈkʰeːnɛdl̩], /ˈkɛnɛdl/, [ˈkʰɛnɛdl̩]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛnɛdl

Noun

cenedl f (plural cenhedloedd)

1. nation

   Cenedl heb iaith, cenedl heb galon.

   A nation without a language is a nation without a heart.

2. (archaic) tribe, clan, kindred

   Synonym: llwyth

3. (archaic) generation

   Synonym: cenhedlaeth

4. (archaic) sort, species, kind

   Synonyms: math, siort

5. (archaic) ethnicity

   Synonym: ethnigrwydd

6. (biblical) gentile
   • 1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, Luc 2:29-32:

     Yr awr hon, Arglwydd, y gollyngi dy was mewn tangnefedd, yn ôl dy air: canys fy llygaid a welsant dy iachawdwriaeth, yr hon a baratoaist gerbron wyneb yr holl bobloedd; goleuni i oleuo y Cenhedloedd, a gogoniant dy bobl Israel.

     Lord, now You are letting Your servant depart in peace, according to Your word; for my eyes have seen Your salvation which You have prepared before the face of all peoples, a light to bring revelation to the Gentiles, and the glory of Your people Israel.

7. (grammar) gender (of nouns, adjectives etc.)

Derived terms

• cenhedlaeth (“generation”)
• cenhedliad (“procreation, conception”)
• Cenhedloedd Unedig (“United Nations”)
• cenhedlu (“to procreate, to reproduce”)
• pencenedl (“head of kindred (in Welsh laws)”)

Related terms

• cenedlaethol (“national”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of cenedl

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cenedl	genedl	nghenedl	chenedl

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cenedl”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies