extraneous

English

WOTD – 22 November 2007

Etymology

From Latin extrāneus (“from without, strange”). Doublet of strange. Cognate with estrange (verb), Spanish extraño.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɛkˈstɹeɪ.ni.əs/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ekˈstɹæɪ.ni.əs/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ɪkˈstɹeɪ.ni.əs/, /ɛkˈstɹeɪ.ni.əs/

• Audio (US):

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• Audio (General Australian):

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• Rhymes: -eɪniəs

Adjective

extraneous (not comparable)

1. Not belonging to, or dependent upon, a thing; without or beyond a thing; foreign.

   to separate gold from extraneous matter

   Extraneous substances were found on my cup of water.

2. Not essential or intrinsic.
   • 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:

     Edward had seen beauty often, and seen it with every possible aid; but never had he seen beauty so perfect, yet so utterly devoid of extraneous assistance.

   • 1964 May, “News and Comment: Minister hamstrings BR workshops”, in Modern Railways, page 291:

     If the Government believes that part of the railways' salvation is to be found in ridding them of extraneous concerns, it should have had the courage either to close the railway works down as quickly as possible, or to hive them off as an entirely separate concern, [...].

Synonyms

• (not belonging to): additional, alien, foreign, intrusive; See also Thesaurus:foreign
• (not essential): superfluous, extra; See also Thesaurus:extrinsic

Antonyms

• intraneous

Derived terms

• extraneous variable
• extraneously
• extraneousness

Translations

not belonging to, or dependent upon, a thing

• Arabic: خَارِجِيّ (ar) (ḵārijiyy)
• Bulgarian: въ́ншен (bg) (vǎ́nšen), чужд (bg) (čužd)
• Dutch: bijkomende (nl), vreemde (nl), extra (nl)
• Finnish: asiaankuulumaton (fi)
• French: étranger (fr)
• German: fremd (de), nicht zugehörig
• Hungarian: idegen (hu)
• Ido: stranjera (io)
• Irish: coimhthíoch
• Latin: extrāneus
• Portuguese: estranho (pt)
• Russian: посторо́нний (ru) (postorónnij), вне́шний (ru) (vnéšnij), чу́ждый (ru) (čúždyj)
• Serbo-Croatian: stran (sh), nepripadajući
• Spanish: externo (es), ajeno (es), irrelevante (es), que no viene al caso, que no viene a cuento, foráneo (es), foraño, forano (es)
• Swedish: främmande (sv), ovidkommande (sv), yttre (sv)

not essential or intrinsic

• German: überflüssig (de), unnötig (de), nicht wesentlich
• Spanish: extrínseco (es)