kamel

See also: Kamel

Danish

Etymology

From late Old Norse kamell, from Latin camelus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”).

Noun

kamel c (singular definite kamelen, plural indefinite kameler)

1. camel

Inflection

Declension of kamel

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kamel	kamelen	kameler	kamelerne
genitive	kamels	kamelens	kamelers	kamelernes

Kashubian

Kamel.

Etymology

Borrowed from German Kamel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈka.mɛl/
• Rhymes: -amɛl
• Syllabification: ka‧mel

Noun

kamel m animal (female equivalent kamelka)

1. camel (mammal of the genus Camelus)

   Synonym: wielbłąd

References

• Jan Trepczyk (1994) “wielbłąd”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “wielbłąd”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[1]

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From German Kamel, from Latin camēlus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), from Proto-Semitic *gamal-; compare Arabic جَمَل (jamal) and Hebrew גמל (gamál).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaˈmɛl/

Noun

kamel m anim (feminine kamelka)

1. camel (beast of burden)

Declension

Declension of kamel

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	kamel	kamela	kamele
Genitive	kamela	kamelowu	kamelow
Dative	kameloju	kameloma	kamelam
Accusative	kamela	kamelowu	kamele, kamelow
Instrumental	kamelom	kameloma	kamelami
Locative	kamelu	kameloma	kamelach

References

• Lower Sorbian vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

Mapudungun

Adverb

kamel (Raguileo spelling)

1. last year

Middle English

Noun

kamel

1. Alternative form of camel

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), via Old Norse kamell.

Noun

kamel m (definite singular kamelen, indefinite plural kameler, definite plural kamelene)

1. a camel (in particular the Bactrian camel, Camelus bactrianus)

kamel

Related terms

• dromedar

References

• “kamel” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), via Old Norse kamell.

Noun

kamel m (definite singular kamelen, indefinite plural kamelar, definite plural kamelane)

1. a camel (as Norwegian Bokmål above)

Related terms

• dromedar

References

• “kamel” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin camēlus. First attested in 1471.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /kamɛlʲ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /kamɛlʲ/

Noun

kamel m animacy unattested

1. camel (mammal)

   Synonym: wielbłąd

   • 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 96:

     Rozmnozenye camelow inundacio camelorum (inundatio camelorum operiet te Is 60, 6)

     [Rozmnożenie kamelow inundacio camelorum (inundatio camelorum operiet te Is 60, 6)]

Descendants

• Polish: kamel

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “kamel”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish kamel, from Latin camēlus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈka.mɛl/
• Rhymes: -amɛl
• Syllabification: ka‧mel

Noun

kamel m animal

1. (rare, regional or obsolete) Synonym of wielbłąd (“camel”)
   • 1855, “Turcya”, in Czas‎^[2], page 3:

     Zaspy piaszczyste, przez które wielkie okręty, jedynie rozbrojone i na kamelach (na podłożonych pod nie tratwach drzewa) przesunąć się mogą, […] .

     Sanddrifts that large ships, only disarmbed and on camels (on the tree's rafts placed under them), can't pass through, further.

   • 1928, Tygodnik na Powiat Tarnogórski : z dodatkiem "Orędownik Powiatowy" : pismo poświęcone sprawom lokalnym‎^[3], volume 6, number 70, page 2:

     W niedzielę zakończa Sarrasani swe przedstawienia w Zabrzu i w przeciągu poniedziałku dopołudnia przewiezą auto 56 lwów, 14 tygrysów, lwów morskich, leopardów hipopetama, niedźwiedzi itp. zaś osobne pociągi 22 słoniami, 200 końmi, kamelami, cebrami, bawołami, buhajami dostajni w Bytomiu.

     On Sunday, Sarrasani ends his performances in Zabrze and during Monday morning they will transport 56 lions, 14 tigers, sea lions, hippo leopards, bears, etc., and separate trains with 22 elephants, 200 horses, camels, zebras, buffaloes, with bulls in Bytom.

   • 1937, Gazeta Olsztyńska‎^[4], page 3:

     Moje druchny egipskie zaproszały ma żebym wstąpsiuł do nich jek banda w Kairze to ma zaziozó na kamelach do piramidów łoglądać mumie egipskie.

     My Egyptian lady friends were inviting me to join their group in Cairo on camels to the pyramids to look at Egyptian mummies.

   • 2007, Bogdan Dzierżawa, “Starzikowo chojinka”, in Tygodnik Rybnicki‎^[5], ul. Zborowa 4, 47-400 Racibórz, Poland: Wydawnictwo Nowiny Sp. z o.o., →ISSN:

     Posadziył Jorgusia na kamela, kero ruszyła z kopyta, a starzik godo: – Widzisz tam daleko, kaj sie te chałupy biylom, tam jadymy, bo dzisioj sie tam mały Jezusek narodziył.

     He sat Jorguś down on the camel, which Chadra moved from its hooves, and the old man says: -Do you see far out there, where those huts shine white, that's where we're going, because today little Jesus was born there.

Declension

Declension of kamel

	singular	plural
nominative	kamel	kamele
genitive	kamela	kameli
dative	kamelowi	kamelom
accusative	kamela	kamele
instrumental	kamelem	kamelami
locative	kamelu	kamelach
vocative	kamelu	kamele

Further reading

• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “kamel”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 213

Romani

Etymology

Three etymologies have been proposed:

1. Inherited from Sanskrit काम (kāma, “love, desire”).
2. Borrowed from Middle Persian [script needed] (kām-am).
3. Borrowed from Old Armenian կամ-իմ (kam-im) (itself an Iranian borrowing).

All three are ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).

Verb

kamel

1. to love
2. to want

Descendants

• Caló: camelar
  • → Spanish: camelar

Further reading

• Marcel Courthiade (2009) “kam/el I, -lǎs”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 185a
• Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “kamel (kamlǎs)”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 150

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish kamel, from Late Old Norse kamell, from Latin camelus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *gamal-.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

kamel c

1. camel (especially the Bactrian camel, Camelus bactrianus)

Declension

Declension of kamel

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	kamel	kamels
	definite	kamelen	kamelens
plural	indefinite	kameler	kamelers
	definite	kamelerna	kamelernas

Synonyms

• baktrisk kamel

Related terms

• kameldjur
• kameldrivare
• kamelföl
• kamelförare
• kamelhingst
• kamelhår
• kamelkaravan
• kamelrygg
• kamelryttare
• kamelsadel
• kamelsto
• kamelull

See also

• dromedar (“dromedary”)
• karavan (“caravan”)
• puckel (“hump”)

References

• kamel in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• kamel in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• kamel in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Upper Sorbian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Kamel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaˈmɛl/
• Rhymes: -ɛl
• Hyphenation: ka‧mel
• Syllabification: ka‧mel

Noun

kamel m animal

1. (zoology) camel

   Synonym: wjelbłud

Declension

Declension of kamel (masculine soft stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	kamel	kamelej	kamele
genitive	kamela	kamelow	kamelow
dative	kamelej	kamelomaj	kamelam
accusative	kamela	kamelej	kamele
instrumental	kamelom	kamelomaj	kamelemi
locative	kamelu	kamelomaj	kamelach
vocative	kamelo	kamelej	kamele

References

• “kamel” in Soblex