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wasm2mpy

StandWithUkraine Build status GitHub license Support vshymanskyy

wasm2mpy enables developers to write code in statically compiled languages and run it on MicroPython-based embedded systems (such as ESP32, Raspberry Pi Pico, STM32, and nRF52) with near-native performance. Since MicroPython is relatively slow for computationally intensive applications, wasm2mpy provides the tools necessary to run demanding software, such as AI models and signal processing algorithms, more efficiently.

Status

App \ Target x86/x64 armv6m armv7m/+s/+d esp82661 esp32 rv32imc
πŸš€ TypeScript2 βœ…βœ… βœ… βœ…βœ…βœ… ⚠️3 βœ… βœ…
🀩 C++ βœ…βœ… βœ… βœ…βœ…βœ… 🟑 βœ… βœ…
πŸ¦€ Rust βœ…βœ… βœ… πŸŸ‘πŸŸ‘βœ… ⚠️3 βœ… βœ…
πŸ€– TinyGo βœ…βœ… βœ… πŸŸ‘πŸŸ‘βœ… ⚠️3 βœ… βœ…
⚑ Zig βœ…βœ… βœ… βœ…βœ…βœ… ⚠️3 βœ… βœ…
✨ Virgil βœ…βœ… βœ… βœ…βœ…βœ… 🟑 βœ… βœ…
βš™ WAT βœ…βœ… βœ… βœ…βœ…βœ… 🟑 βœ… βœ…
πŸ‡¨ Coremark βœ…βœ… 🚧 βœ…βœ…βœ… 🟑 βœ… βœ…

βœ… builds and runs OK
🟑 builds OK, doesn't run
🚧 work in progress

CoreMark results

  • ESP32-C3 160MHz: 179.791
  • STM32F405 168MHz: 233.918
  • ESP32 240MHz: 228.363
  • ESP32-S3 240MHz: 271.573
  • BL616 320MHz: 344.293
  • iMXRT1062 600MHz: 1911.437
  • i5-8250U 1.6GHz: 18696.248

Upload and Run

Follow the build instructions

mpremote cp zig.mpy :lib/
mpremote exec "import zig; zig.setup()"
⚑ Zig is running!

Run any exported function

Note

This requires adding some glue code to the runtime.
Glue code can be auto-generated, but for now it's a manual process.

For example, test/simple.wasm just adds 2 numbers:

(module
    (func (export "add") (param i32 i32) (result i32)
        (i32.add (local.get 0) (local.get 1))
    )
)
MicroPython v1.24.0-preview.224.g6c3dc0c0b on 2024-08-22; Raspberry Pi Pico W with RP2040
Type "help()" for more information.
>>> import simple
>>> simple.add(3, 4)
7
>>> simple.add(10, 6)
16

Access WASM module memory

>>> import cpp
>>> cpp.setup()
🀩 C++ is running!
>>> cpp._memory[4096:4096+32]
bytearray(b' Blink\x00\xf0\x9f\xa4\xa9 C++ is running!\x00\n\x00\x00\x00')
>>> new_data = b"Hello C++ world"
>>> cpp._memory[4096+12:4096+12+len(new_data)] = new_data
>>> cpp.setup()
🀩 Hello C++ world

How It Works?

The idea is very similar to embedded-wasm-apps:

image

TODO

Further reading

Footnotes

  1. esp8266 requires the use of esp.set_native_code_location, and setting WASM_PAGE_SIZE to 8192 (or need to wait for WASM Custom Page Sizes) ↩

  2. AssemblyScript ↩

  3. not enough memory to run, need to wait for WASM Custom Page Sizes ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

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Running WebAssembly as a native MicroPython module

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  • C 61.9%
  • Assembly 21.0%
  • C++ 11.7%
  • Python 2.7%
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