Gustav Mahler

Gustav Mahler

Gustav Mahler (7 Juli 1860-18 Mèi 1911) inggih punika minangka salah satunggaling komposer saking nagara Ostenrik. Piyambakipun dados misuwur nalika mimpin minangka satunggaling konduktor wonten ing gedung opera. Piyambakipun makarya minangka konduktor wiwit taun 1881. Wonten ing taun 1901 piyambakipun pindhah dhateng villa énggal wonten ing Danau Majernigg, Carinthia. Piyambakipun séda nalika taun 1911.

Karya

Simfoni

• Symphony No. 1 in D major (?1884–1888; rev. 1893–1896; 2nd rev. 1906).
• Symphony No. 2 in C minor (1888–1894; rev. 1903)
• Symphony No. 3 in D minor (1893–1896; rev. 1906)
• Symphony No. 4 in G major (1892, 1899–1900; rev. 1901–1910)
• Symphony No. 5 in C-sharp minor/D major (1901–1902; scoring repeatedly rev.)
• Symphony No. 6 in A minor (1903–1904; rev. 1906; scoring repeatedly rev.)
• Symphony No. 7 in E minor (1904–1905; scoring repeatedly rev.)

American premiere of Mahler's Symphony No. 8

• Symphony No. 8 in E-flat major (1906–1907)
• Das Lied von der Erde (kanthi judhul A Symphony for One Tenor and One Alto (or Baritone) Voice and Orchestra, After Hans Bethge's "The Chinese Flute") (1908–1909)
• Symphony No. 9 in D major (1908–1909)
• Symphony No. 10 (1910–1911) (boten rampung; dipunlajengaken dumugi pungkasan, draft 1,945 bars exists, nanging kathah ingkang dèrèng jangkep lan kathah-kathahipun boten babagan orchestra.)
  • Various completions by:
    • Adagio (first movement) lan "Purgatorio" (third movement) kasamektakaken kanggé penampilan Ernst Krenek kanthi kontribusi saking Franz Schalk, Alban Berg lan Alexander Zemlinsky (1924)
    • Joseph Wheeler (1948–1965)
    • Deryck Cooke, dipuniringi déning Berthold Goldschmidt, Colin Matthews lan David Matthews (1960, 1964, 1976, 1989)
    • Clinton Carpenter (1966)
    • Remo Mazzetti, Jr. (1989)
    • Rudolf Barshai (2000)
    • The duo of Nicola Samale lan Giuseppe Mazzucca (2002)

Karya vokal

• Das klagende Lied, cantata (1880; rev. 1893, 1898)
• Drei Lieder, 3 tembang kanthi tenor lan piano (1880)
• Lieder und Gesänge, 14 tembang kanthi piano accompaniment (1880–1890)
• Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen, kanggé swanten piano utawi orchestra accompaniment (1883–1885)

(literally Songs of a Travelling Journeyman,limrahipun katerjemahaken Songs of a Wayfarer.)

• Lieder aus "Des Knaben Wunderhorn" (The Youth's Magic Horn), kanggé swanten kanthi piano utawi orchestra accompaniment (1888–1896; kali sanèsipun taun 1899 lan 1901)
• Rückert Lieder, kanggé swanten kanthi piano utawi orchestra accompaniment (1901–1902)
• Kindertotenlieder (Songs on the Death of Children), for voice lan orchestra (1901–1904)
• Das Lied von der Erde (The Song of the Earth) for alto (or baritone) lan tenor solo lan orchestra (1908–1909)

Karya sanès

• Piano Quartet in A minor (1876)

Pranala njaba

• Obituaries
  • Mahler's obituary in the Musical Times of June 1911
• Biographies and essays
  • Discovering Mahler Archived 2008-05-11 at the Wayback Machine. The fourth and final volume of Donald Mitchell's study of the composer and his music (The Boydell Press 2007)
  • Gustav Mahler Profile on the BBC
  • Gustav Mahler Profile Archived 2015-04-23 at the Wayback Machine. on the Classical Composers Database
  • An survey of Mahler Symphonies recordings
  • Lewis Thomas: Late Night Thoughts on Listening to Mahler's Ninth Symphony
  • Gustav Mahler and the Crisis of Jewish Identity
  • Andante Mahler page
  • Gustav Mahler: Symphony # 4, written by Peter Gutmann, music journalist.
• Mahler organizations, archives...
  • The Gustav Mahler Society (UK)
  • The Gustav Mahler Society of New York
  • The International Gustav Mahler Society Archived 2012-08-14 at the Wayback Machine.
  • The Mahler Archives
  • Médiathèque Musicale Mahler
  • gustav-mahler.es (Spain)
  • The Gustav Mahler Society (Czech Republic)-maintains Mahler's Birthplace
• Recordings, books and sheet music
  • Project Gutenberg Australia has a biography of Gustav Mahler by Gabriel Engel (1892-1952), Gustav Mahler, Song Symphonist
  • Musik gratis oleh Mahler di International Music Score Library Project
  • "What the Universe Tells Me: Unraveling the Mysteries of Mahler's Third Symphony" a 2 DVD set from VAI