.to_bytes() in Python Last Updated : 21 Apr, 2025 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report In Python, the .to_bytes() method is used to convert an integer into its byte representation. This is useful when weneed to store or transmit data in binary format.Example: Convert the integer 10 into bytes Python num = 10 byte_data = num.to_bytes(2, 'big') print(byte_data) Outputb'\x00\n' Explanation:10: The integer being converted..to_bytes(2, 'big'): 2: Specifies the byte length (2 bytes). 'big': Most significant byte first (big-endian).b'\x00\n': The byte representation of 10 using big-endian format.Syntaxint.to_bytes(length, byteorder, *, signed=False)Parameters length: The number of bytes the integer should occupy.byteorder: The byte order used to represent the integer. It can be: 'big': Most significant byte first (big-endian). 'little': Least significant byte first (little-endian).signed: (Optional) If True, allows the representation of negative numbers. Default is False (unsigned).Return TypeReturns a bytes object representing the integer in the specified format.Examples of .to_bytes() method1. Using Little-Endian Python num = 10 byte_rep = num.to_bytes(2, 'little') print(byte_rep) Outputb'\n\x00' Explanation:10 in binary is 00001010, and in little-endian, it is represented as b'\n\x00'.The b'\n\x00' output shows that 10 is stored as \n (10 in hexadecimal) followed by \x00 (a zero byte).2. Representing Negative Numbers Python num = -10 byte_rep = num.to_bytes(2, 'big', signed=True) print(byte_rep) Outputb'\xff\xf6' Explanation:-10 in two's complement (signed) using big-endian is represented as b'\xff\xf6'.The b'\xff\xf6' output indicates that -10 is stored using two bytes where the first byte is 0xFF (representing the negative sign) and the second byte is 0xF6 (which is -10 in two's complement form).3. Converting bytes back to integer Python byte_data = b'\x00\x0a' num = int.from_bytes(byte_data, 'big') print(num) Output10 Explanation:b'\x00\x0a' represents the byte sequence where the first byte is 0x00 (0 in decimal) and the second byte is 0x0a (10 in decimal).Using big-endian byte order, this byte sequence is converted to the integer 10. Comment More infoAdvertise with us Next Article Convert String to bytes-Python P pragatikheuvg Follow Improve Article Tags : Python Python Programs Practice Tags : python Similar Reads Convert String to bytes-Python The goal here is to convert a string into bytes in Python. This is essential for working with binary data or when encoding strings for storage or transmission. For example, given the string "Hello", these methods can convert it into a byte representation like b'Hello'. Let’s explore different method 2 min read Convert String to bytes-Python The goal here is to convert a string into bytes in Python. This is essential for working with binary data or when encoding strings for storage or transmission. For example, given the string "Hello", these methods can convert it into a byte representation like b'Hello'. Let’s explore different method 2 min read Convert String to bytes-Python The goal here is to convert a string into bytes in Python. This is essential for working with binary data or when encoding strings for storage or transmission. For example, given the string "Hello", these methods can convert it into a byte representation like b'Hello'. Let’s explore different method 2 min read Append Data To Binary File In Python We are given a binary file and our task is to append data into that binary file in Python using different approaches. In this article, we will see how we can append data to binary file in Python. Append Data to Binary File in Python below, are the examples of Append Data To Binary File In Python: Ap 3 min read Python - Ways to convert hex into binary We are given a hexadecimal number we need to convert it to binary. For example a = "1A3" we need to convert it to binary so that resultant output should be 110100011.Using bin() and int()We can convert hexadecimal to binary by first converting it to an integer using int() and then using the bin() fu 1 min read codecs.encode() in Python With the help of codecs.encode() method, we can encode the string into the binary form . Syntax : codecs.encode(string) Return : Return the encoded string. Example #1 : In this example we can see that by using codecs.encode() method, we are able to get the encoded string which can be in binary form 1 min read Like