GABA production by enteric neurons suppresses ILC3 activation to prevent inflammation and maintain gut homeostasis.

Spatial transcriptomics reveals distinct microglial mechanisms driving amyloid-β clearance in both passively and actively immunized patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

The authors show that brain inflammation in COVID-19 correlates with viral load, systemic inflammation and virus-sensing pattern recognition receptors. Microglial dysfunction occurs at sites of vascular inflammation with myelin injury and synapse loss.

Fan and colleagues show that the neurotransmitter GABA signals in intestinal ILC3s to suppress IL-17A production through a regulatory loop that involves suppression of C/EBP-β and induction of Igfb7.

GABA production by enteric neurons suppresses ILC3 activation to prevent inflammation and maintain gut homeostasis.

A possible mechanism underlying the worsening of asthma symptoms after eating is found in mice, where type 2 immunity in the lung (which is a primary driver of asthma) is found to be potentiated by food intake.

A study in Science Immunology shows that meningeal regulatory T (T_reg) cells limit the activation, proliferation and parenchymal infiltration of T cells and NK cells, indicating that T_reg cells act as gatekeepers of the brain.

Strategies to advance the field of neuroimmunology by embracing its complexity via inclusion of its multidisciplinary properties were discussed at a meeting in Cold Spring Harbor. Attendees proposed fostering of open communications and funding of collaborations across disciplines, and the recognition that our understanding of the neuroimmune system requires interdisciplinary science.

A study in Science reports that intestinal innate lymphoid cells migrate to the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels to promote glucagon production.