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Grade 10 Control and Coordination

The document discusses control and coordination in the human body. It explains that the nervous system and muscular tissues provide control and coordination through neurons, synapses, and three types of responses: reflex, voluntary, and involuntary. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes nerves connecting the CNS to other body parts. The brain is divided into the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Control and coordination in plants occurs through tropic movements responding to stimuli and growth hormones, while in animals it is carried out by hormones secreted by endocrine glands.

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92 views2 pages

Grade 10 Control and Coordination

The document discusses control and coordination in the human body. It explains that the nervous system and muscular tissues provide control and coordination through neurons, synapses, and three types of responses: reflex, voluntary, and involuntary. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes nerves connecting the CNS to other body parts. The brain is divided into the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Control and coordination in plants occurs through tropic movements responding to stimuli and growth hormones, while in animals it is carried out by hormones secreted by endocrine glands.

Uploaded by

22550
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Grade 10

Control and Coordination

Nervous system
Working together of various integrated body systems in response to changes in the
body for maintenance of bodily functions is known as control and coordination
Nervous and muscular tissues provide control and coordination
Neurons -functional units of the nervous system, conduct messages in the form of
impulses
Synapse- a small gap between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of the next
neuron
Three types of responses of the nervous system- reflex action, voluntary
action, and involuntary action

A. Reflex action
 Automated action in response to a stimulus
 Possible due to quick detection by sensory receptors and the resultant
movement of muscles
 Reflex arc situated in the spinal cord

B. Voluntary action
 Actions such as writing, talking etc. that are under the control of the body

C. Involuntary action
 Actions such as breathing, digestion etc. that are not under conscious control

Parts of the nervous system


Human nervous system divided into- central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral
nervous system (PNS)
CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord
PNS consists of the nerves that connects the CNS to different parts of the body
The Brain, spinal cord, and nerves are the important parts of the nervous system

Brain
 Human brain is classified into- forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain
 Forebrain- cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus
 Midbrain
 Hindbrain- pons, medulla, and cerebellum
Tropic movement
Directional movement of a specific part of the plant in response to an external
stimulus
Phototropism- response to light
Geotropism- response to gravity
Hydrotropism- response to water
Chemotropism- response to chemicals
Thigmotropism- response to touch

Chemical coordination in plants


Growth and development in plants is possible because of growth hormones or
phytohormones
Auxin, Gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, and ethylene are examples of
phtohormones

Chemical coordination in animals


Carried out with the help of hormones
Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands such as the pituitary gland, thyroid
gland, adrenal gland, pancreas etc.

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