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Thermo-Syphon Water Cooling System

The thermo-syphon cooling system uses natural convection rather than a pump to circulate water through the engine. As water is heated by the engine, it expands and becomes less dense, rising and flowing to the radiator to cool. Once cooled, the now denser water sinks back down into the engine by gravity alone, continuously circulating through the system. While cheaper and more reliable than pump-driven cooling, thermo-syphon systems have disadvantages like reduced cooling at the hottest parts of the engine under heavy loads.

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Kiran Tilaganji
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691 views2 pages

Thermo-Syphon Water Cooling System

The thermo-syphon cooling system uses natural convection rather than a pump to circulate water through the engine. As water is heated by the engine, it expands and becomes less dense, rising and flowing to the radiator to cool. Once cooled, the now denser water sinks back down into the engine by gravity alone, continuously circulating through the system. While cheaper and more reliable than pump-driven cooling, thermo-syphon systems have disadvantages like reduced cooling at the hottest parts of the engine under heavy loads.

Uploaded by

Kiran Tilaganji
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Thermo-syphon Water Cooling System

The thermo-syphon cooling system (Fig. 12.30) operates on the principle of natural convection caused by variation in density of water, and hence does not use a pump. The heated water expands, due to which the density decreases. When it cools down, its volume decreases and hence density increases. This variations in density sets up convection currents so that circulation of water takes place. All components of water-cooling systems except the circulating pump are used in this case.

Fig. 12.30. Thermo-syphon liquid cooling system. The advantages of thermo-syphon cooling are : (a) Cheap as no water pump is required. (b) Reliable as there are no moving parts. (c) Circulation of water depends solely on engine temperature. The hotter the engine, the greater is the circulation. Disadvantages of thermo-syphon cooling are as follows (which are additional points over those provided under section 12.1.3). (a) In order to achieve efficient circulation, the radiator top tank must be well above the engine. This needs a high bonnet line. (b) Cooled water enters the engine at the bottom of the cylinder, where the engine normally runs fairly cool and it heats up to maximum as it reaches the top of the cylinders. Therefore, it has a reduced cooling effect on the hottest part of the engine. (c) Difficult to fit an interior heater successfully without a water pump. (d) Under conditions of very heavy load or in hot climates the water may not circulate as quickly as required. Incorporation of a water pump insures positive water circulation and removes all the disadvantages of the thermo-syphon cooling process. Advantages of water-cooling systems working on the thermo-syphon principle over aircooling systems : (a) It is generally considered more suitable than air-cooling for multi-cylinder engines. (b) Water has very high specific heat therefore ; a small amount of water is able to absorb a large

amount of heat. (c) Water is cheap and easily obtainable. (d) By means of thermostat, engine temperature can be controlled. (e) Engine noise is reduced because it passes through the water jacket. (/) Engine heated water can be used to heat the car interior and in some cases the induction manifold. Thermostat Valve on wiseGEEK:

While a pressure balanced valve system is usually less expensive than a thermostatic valve system, a thermostat valve typically provides better temperature regulation. As with a thermostatic valve, a pressure balanced valve helps regulate incoming hot and cold water supplies. In addition to holding the thermostat, these housings may also serve as an air bleed point for the cooling system. A thermostat housing may have a bleed valve that can be loosened to allow the escape of any air that has been trapped in the block.

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