BIO 230

Take Home Exam 1 ___________________________________Name

Directions: You may use your book, notes and text website to help answer the questions. You MAY NOT use any other person to help you answer the questions. Please maintain your own personal and academic integrity. Thanks! Due 11:00 AM on 10/03/11
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Scientists at the biotechnology company Genentech created the first recombinant DNA product for use in humans. Approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1982, this product was: A) A gene chip B) Human growth hormone C) Chymosin D) Erythropoietin E) Insulin 2) The use of computer hardware and software to analyze biological data such as DNA sequence comparison data is known as: A) Recombinant DNA technology B) Genomics C) Bioremediation D) Bioinformatics E) Nanotechnology 3) Studying the entire complement of DNA in an organism's cells is known as: A) Genomics B) Bioremediation C) Recombinant DNA technology D) Bioinformatics E) Nanotechnology 4) Combining DNA from different sources is an example of: A) Genomics B) Nanotechnology C) Bioremediation D) Bioinformatics E) Recombinant DNA technology 5) ________ is the use of living organisms or their products to clean up the environment, improve human health, and provide more nutritious and disease-free food. A) Biotechnology B) Bioprocessing C) Bioremediation D) Genetic engineering E) Biodegradation 6) Subtle differences in DNA sequences that vary from person to person are called: A) Genomics B) Chromosomes C) DNA microarrays D) Single-nucleotide polymorphisms E) Pharmacogenomics 1 1)

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7) The complementary base that hydrogen bonds with thymine in a DNA double helix is: A) Guanine B) Cytosine C) Uracil D) Adenine E) Thymine 8) Which of the following is a structural feature of DNA but not RNA? A) Contains phosphate groups B) Single stranded C) Contains the nitrogenous base uracil D) Contains the nitrogenous base adenine E) Contains deoxyribose sugars 9) Addition of a poly(A) tail to mRNA molecule: A) Allows the mRNA to be recognized by ribosomes during translation B) Is an important step in translation C) Results in removal of introns D) Allows mRNA molecules to be more stable in the cytoplasm E) Only occurs in bacteria 10) This enzyme separates strands of DNA during DNA replication to make DNA single stranded so it can be copied: A) DNA polymerase B) DNA helicase C) DNA primase D) Reverse transcriptase E) DNA ligase 11) Which organelles are the site of ATP production by aerobic cellular respiration? A) Mitochondria B) Ribosomes C) Golgi D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum E) Lysosomes 12) ________ bind to mRNA and tRNA during translation and allow for polypeptides to be synthesized. A) Chromosomes B) Ribosomes C) Nuclei D) Chloroplasts E) RNA polymerases 13) ________ is the enzyme that copies DNA during DNA replication. Thermostabile forms of this enzyme are essential for PCR. A) RNA primase B) RNA polymerase C) DNA polymerase D) DNA ligase E) DNA helicase 14) Which of the following is the typical start codon in most mRNA molecules? A) CAG B) UGA C) AAA D) AUG 2

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15) Which type of RNA molecules transport amino acids to the ribosome during translation? A) rRNA B) miRNA C) tRNA D) mRNA E) siRNA 16) Which type of RNA molecules contain the genetic code of a gene that is read by ribosomes during translation? A) siRNA B) mRNA C) miRNA D) tRNA E) rRNA 17) Synthesis of RNA from a DNA template is called: A) Reverse transcription B) Translation C) Transformation D) Transcription E) None of these choices 18) Which of the following techniques involves hybridizing a cDNA sample to a chip containing thousands of single-stranded DNA sequences, allowing one to study the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously? A) Agarose gel electrophoresis B) FISH C) Southern blot D) PCR E) DNA microarray 19) When making a complementary DNA (cDNA) library, which enzyme is used to copy mRNA into DNA? A) RNA polymerase B) DNA ligase C) DNA polymerase D) Primase E) Reverse transcriptase 20) In a recombinant DNA experiment, which enzyme is used to join together DNA fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides? Recall that this same enzyme joins together Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during DNA replication. A) DNA helicase B) DNA primase C) DNA polymerase D) Reverse transcriptase E) DNA ligase 21) During library screening, PCR, Southern blotting, and other techniques, binding two pieces of DNA to each other by hydrogen bonding is called: A) Hybridization B) Autoradiography C) Reverse transcription D) DNA ligation E) Polyadenylation

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22) ________ is a DNA binding dye that fluoresces when DNA in an agarose gel is illuminated with ultraviolet light. A) Ethidium bromide B) Lactic acid C) Casein D) Ethanol E) Malt 23) A ________ is a single-stranded DNA molecule attached to a radioactive or fluorescent compound that is complementary to a specific sequence of DNA. Such pieces of DNA are used to identify and study cloned genes in hybridization experiments. A) Vector B) Probe C) Promoter D) Polypeptide E) Plasmid 24) Transformation in a cloning experiment is: A) Using PCR to clone a gene B) Ligating pieces of foreign DNA together C) A technique for determining gene copy number in a genome D) Inserting DNA into bacteria cells E) Cutting DNA with restriction enzymes 25) Which of the following is an incorrect statement about restriction enzymes? A) Restriction enzymes usually recognize palindromic sequences B) Restriction enzymes can cut to create blunt- ended pieces of DNA C) Restriction enzymes can cut to create overlapping single- stranded ends of DNA D) Restriction enzymes create phosphodiester bonds between pieces of DNA in a cloning experiment E) Most restriction enzymes are isolated from bacteria 26) Approximately how large is the human genome? A) 13 million bp B) 20,000 bp C) 1 billion bp D) 3 billion bp E) 30 billion bp 27) Based on what you know about which organisms naturally produce restriction enzymes and how restriction enzymes are named, which of the following enzymes is isolated from the bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens? A) BamHI B) SmaI C) EcoRI D) PstI E) HindIII 28) Approximately how many genes are present in the human genome? A) 50,000 genes B) 20 billion genes C) 100,000 genes D) 20,000 genes E) 3 billion genes

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29) Which of the following techniques is the best choice for amplifying DNA? A) Microarray analysis B) DNA sequencing C) Affinity chromatography D) PCR E) Southern blot analysis 30) Which of the following techniques is most commonly used to separate and analyze DNA by size? A) DNA microarray analysis B) DNA libraries C) Agarose gel electrophoresis D) PCR E) Hybridization 31) A ________ consists of cloned DNA fragments for all expressed genes in a particular tissue. A) Guggenheim library B) shotgun library C) genomic DNA library D) cDNA library E) PCR library 32) Which of the following techniques is most efficient for transforming bacterial cells? A) Gene gun B) Pronuclear microinjection C) Electroporation D) Sperm-mediated transfer E) ES cell transfer

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ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. Use complete sentences please. 33) Please descibe the difference between a risk and a hazard. Give an example of a risk and associated hazard. 6 points. 34) Please describle the importance of being diligent with your laboratory notebook and what are the consequences of not following the proper procedure with respect to writing in your lab notebook. 6 points. 35) On a separate piece of paper, write a "mock" lab notebook entry for the procedures on making brownies. You must follow all steps discussed in class. 10 points.