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Differential Diagnosis of Rash Illness: Disease Sign/Symptoms Type of Rash Other Features

This document provides information to help differentiate between various diseases that present with a rash, including measles, rubella, chickenpox, scarlet fever, fifth disease, roseola, impetigo, heat rash, diaper rash, drug reactions, and smallpox. For each disease, it lists the signs and symptoms, characteristics of the rash, and other important features. Being able to identify distinguishing factors can help healthcare providers make an accurate diagnosis and recommend the proper treatment.

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Carlo Conde
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57 views

Differential Diagnosis of Rash Illness: Disease Sign/Symptoms Type of Rash Other Features

This document provides information to help differentiate between various diseases that present with a rash, including measles, rubella, chickenpox, scarlet fever, fifth disease, roseola, impetigo, heat rash, diaper rash, drug reactions, and smallpox. For each disease, it lists the signs and symptoms, characteristics of the rash, and other important features. Being able to identify distinguishing factors can help healthcare providers make an accurate diagnosis and recommend the proper treatment.

Uploaded by

Carlo Conde
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Differential Diagnosis of Rash Illness

DISEASE
Measles (10 day or hard measles)

SIGN/SYMPTOMS
3-4 days of fever higher that 101F; red, watery eyes which are very sensitive to light; cough, runny nose, tired

TYPE OF RASH
!ed, raised, "lotchy rash which "egins on face and nec#; s$reads slowly downward, eventually reaching the legs and feet "y the %th day &y '-( days rash is "rownish color, with occasional $eeling a$$earance 4in# to red rash, "eginning on head or nec# and s$reads downward, fades and disa$$ears in 3 days 5o $eeling a$$earance 9arly rash a$$ears li#e insect "ites, random sites, $rogresses to red, raised lesions with a small "lister in center 5ew lesions a$$ear daily for several days 0ll stages of rash can a$$ear at the same time :esions usually crust and sca" within '-10 days Fine, "right, red rash that "riefly turns white if you $ress on it Most $rominent on nec#, in arm$its, groin, or folds in the s#in :ight $eeling of s#in on hands and feet 3and$a$ery, rough feel to the rash !ed, flushed chee#s, reddened face with white ring around the mouth, red laceli#e rash on trun# and e6tremities :asting %-@ days 3udden, raised, smooth rash, which disa$$ears in C4 to 4D hrs 3tarts on trun#, can "ecome total "ody rash !ed, raised rash, most on trun# and face, may a$$ear on $alms and soles !ash may a$$ear with "listers in mouth, fluid filled "um$s on hands, feet !ash lasts 1-10 days

OTHER FEATURES
)ighly contagious, air"orne s$read *hite s$ots can a$$ear in the mouth, on the inside of the chee#s !ash usually does not itch

!u"ella (3 day or .erman measles)

/hic#en $o6 (7aricella 8oster virus)

/hildren may have few or no early signs 0dults1 1-' days of low-grade fever, headache, 2oint $ains, runny nose, tired, red, watery eyes 3wollen glands in nec# or "ehind ears .enerally low- grade fever for 1-3 days, loss of a$$etite, headache

+ ,mmuni-ation for $revention very im$ortant Many infections are so mild they are unrecogni-ed 3erious concerns to $regnant women as it may cause "irth defects, therefore + ,mmuni-ation for $revention very im$ortant :esions can a$$ear on the scal$, in the mouth, ears, genital regions and arm$its ;isease is s$read "y dro$lets in the air and "y contact with the watery "listers

3carlet Fever

1-3 days feeling very tired, sore throat, fever, and vomiting

Fifth?s ;isease (4arvovirus &1@)

!oseola

&rief, nons$ecific illness consisting of fever, malaise, myalgias, and headache Aften s$reads in e$idemics among children 3-' days of fever over 100BF, can have runny nose, tired 3udden onset of fever to 103B 3ore throat, cold-li#e sym$toms, headache, tired, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Face can "e flushed (red) with white ring around the mouth; tongue can swell and "ecome coated with a <straw"erry= a$$earance +!elationshi$ of scarlet fever and rheumatic heart disease in untreated cases +>reatment with anti"iotics 3unlight ma#es rash worse Face has <sla$$ed chee#= a$$earance May fade and recur for few wee#s !ash follows the fever .enerally, mild illness

9nteroviral !ash e g /o6sac#ie virus, )and, Foot and Mouth

3everal different disease syndromes may "e $resent E common in children is )and, Foot and Mouth disease 7irus shed in stool, good handwashing im$ortantF

Differential Diagnosis of Rash Illness

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DISEASE
,m$etigo

SIGN/SYMPTOMS
!ash a$$ears as little $in si-ed <$im$les= "ut evolves Guic#ly into ma2or s#in eru$tions filled with $us

TYPE OF RASH
&egins as $in si-ed "listers that "rea#, allowing the discharge to s$read on the s#in surface, causing s#in "rea#down *hite or yellow crust form at the sites, can cover large areas if untreated &ands or reddened areas or $atches of reddened areas

OTHER FEATURES
/hildren often have this rash around the mouth $articularly under the nose and chin ,m$etigo <itches= )andwashing im$ortant >reatment with anti"iotics

+)eat !ash+ (4ric#ly heat)

Aften a$$ears in moist s#in folds of legs, arms, H nec#; also at waistline and on "uttoc#s

;ia$er !ash

!eddened s#in on "uttoc#s, or <dia$er area= as a result of irritation or infection from stool, urine or $rolonged s#in contact with $lastic dia$ering materials ;evelo$s in moist areas Accasionally fever, red, runny eyes, sores in the mouth, genital regions, and asthma li#e sym$toms to e6treme difficulty "reathing Fever for C-4 days "efore rash, e6tremely ill

;rug or food reaction

3mall$o6

!ash can "e generali-ed reddened s#in surface, evolving to "listered a$$earance and s#in "rea#down, with inflamed, moist and "leeding $atches >his rash causes discomfort and $ain !ash may a$$ear as raised s#in areas li#e <welts= or as <hives= in a cluster ,tching usually $resent !ash may a$$ear Guic#ly, may "e isolated areas to a com$lete "ody rash !ash starts with small "um$s on face and u$$er arms, then s$reads over the whole "ody, more concentrated on e6tremities and face >he lesions "ecome "listered, then filled with $us, then sca" over

)eat rash is a result of hot, humid weather conditions and the s#in contact with itself, dia$ers or clothing Most often associated with $lastic dia$er $ants or dis$osa"le dia$er $lastic irritating the s#in surface and increasing stimulus of sweat glands < ;ia$er rash= can "e caused "y $rolonged contact with soiled dia$ers; however, some viral or fungal organisms may cause sores and "listering a$$earance

;iscuss introduction of medicines or new foods to $revent further illness /an a$$ear Guic#ly and "e serious (>his rash a$$ears for no other a$$arent reason ) !ash is most often confused with early chic#en$o6 Fever and severe illness for several days "efore rash onset suggests small$o6 and not chic#en$o6

0da$ted from /ommunica"le ;isease Fli$ /hart, I Ford and I :i"erante, Marico$a /ounty ;e$artment of 4u"lic )ealth and 4ima /ounty )ealth ;e$artment, 1@@4

Differential Diagnosis of Rash Illness

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