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TUTORIAL 1b BELT DRIVE SYSTEM Instruction : Group 1 ple se ns!er "uestion 1#$#%#&#1'#1&#1(#1)#1* + $, Group $# ns!er "uestion -# '#(#)# *# 1,#11#1$#1% + 11. A belt runs over a pulley of 800 mm diameter at a speed of 180 rpm. The angle of lap is 165o and the maximum tension in the belt is 2 k . !etermine the po"er transmitted if the #oeffi#ient of fri#tion bet"een the belt and the pulley is 0.$.%Ans&8.'2( k)* A #asting "eighs 6 k and is freely suspended from a rope "hi#h makes 2.5 turns round a drum of 200 mm diameter. +f the drum rotates at (0 rpm, determine the for#e re-uired by a man to pull the rope from the other end of the rope. Also find the po"er to raise the #asting. The #oeffi#ient of fri#tion is 0.25.%Ans &118 , 2.(6(k)* A belt drive transmit 8 k) of po"er from a shaft rotating at 2(0 rpm to another shaft rotating at 160 rpm. The belt is 8 mm thi#k. The diameter of the smaller pulley is 600 mm and the t"o shafts are 5 m apart. The #oeffi#ient of fri#tion is 0.25. .f the maximum stress in the belt is limited to $ /mm 2, find the "idth of the belt for 0i1 an open belt dive, and 0ii1 a #ross belt drive. %Ans& 82.$mm, '6.6mm* A 100 mm "ide and 10 mm thi#k belt transmit 5 k) of po"er bet"een t"o parallel shafts. The distan#e bet"een the shaft #entres is 1.5 m and the diameter of the smaller pulley is ((0 mm. The driving and the driven shafts rotate at 60 rpm and 150 rpm respe#tively. The #oeffi#ient of fri#tion is 0.22. 2ind the stress in the belt if the t"o pulleys are #onne#ted by 0i1 an open belt and 0ii1 a #ross belt. Take 340.22.%Ans& $.16 /mm2, 2.$$5 /mm2* An open belt drive is re-uired to transmit 10 k) of po"er from a motor running at 600 rpm. !iameter of driving pulley is 250 mm. The speed of the driven pulley is 220 rpm. The belt is 12 mm thi#k and has a mass density of 0.001 g/mm 2. 6afe stress in the belt is not to ex#eed 2.5 /mm2. The t"o shafts are 1.25 m apart. The #oeffi#ient of fri#tion is 0.25. !etermine the "idth of the belt. %Ans & 82.8 mm* A flat belt type is used for a belt drive system connecting two pulleys 1.2 m apart. The driver pulley with diameter 40 cm is rotating with speed 3 0 rpm! while diameter of driven pulley is 100 cm. "oefficient of friction of the contact surface between belt and pulley is 0.3. #a$imum allowable tension is 600%. &ind' (i) *ower transmitted by the belt (ii) +nitial tension of the belt. (iii)+f the flat belt is now replaced by a ,ee-.elt with groove angle of = $0 0 ! find the power transmitted by this belt. /Ans 0 2.404 12! 436 %! 3. 123

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2 4. %ow! using the same data as e$ample 1! treat now the belt is elastic! given that mass per unit length is 0.4 1g5m! cross section of belt is 320 mm 2! and modulus of elasticity of 300 #%5m2! find the power delivered by the system. /Ans0 2.31123 A conveyor system with open drive large diameter pulley is 4 0 m! the diameter of the small pulley is 300 mm and the distance between the pulley is 2. m. The coefficient of friction between the small pulley and belt given as 0.4! while the ma$imum allowable tension when the belt is on the point of slippage is 1 00 %. 7etermine the power transmitted at a speed of 10 m 5 s. "alculate the additional power needed when (i) the initial tension is increased by 108 (ii) The coefficient of friction between the small pulley and belt is top-up at 108. /Ans 0 10.63 12! 11.69 12! 11.34 123 A belt drive system consists of three (3) ,-shaped conveyor belts installed in parallel! which is wound on a same si:e grooved pulley! which has a grooved angle of 4 o. "ross-sectional area of each belt is 00 mm 2 and the coefficient of friction is 0.2. The density of the belt material is 1.6 #g 5 m 3 and the safe stress ma$imum is 2 #% 5 m2. "alculate the power that can be transmitted between two pulleys of the same si:e with a diameter of 300 mm. The pulley speed is 1 00 rpm!determine the shaft speed! at ma$imum power. /Ans0 116.4 12! 2032.2 rpm3 Two pulleys, one 450 diameter and the other 200 mm diameter, are on parallel shafts 1.95 m apart, and are connected by crossed belt. Find the length of belt re uired and the angle of contact between belt and each pulley. !hat power can be transmitted by the belt when the larger pulley rotates at 200 re"#min, if ma$imum permissible tension in the belt is 1 %& and the coefficient friction between the belt and pulley is 0.25' ()ns* +.+,4 rad, 2.,4 %!) belt dri"e consists of two ./belt in parallel, on groo"ed pulleys of the same si0e. The angle of the groo"e is +0o. The cross/sectional area of each belt is ,50 mm2 and coefficient friction is 0.12. The density of the belt material is 1.2 1g#m+ and the ma$imum safe stress in the material is , 1&#m 2 . 2alculate the power that can be transmitted between pulleys of +00 mm diameter rotating at 1500 re"#min. Find also the shaft speed in re"#min, at which the power transmitted would be a ma$imum. ()ns* 1,2%!, 2300 re"#minT"o parallel shafts that are $.5 m apart are #onne#ted by t"o pulleys of 1 m and (00 mm diameters, the larger pulley being the driver runs at 220 rpm. The belt "eighs 1.2 kg per metre length. The maximum tension in the belt is not to ex#eed 1.8 k . The #oeffi#ient of fri#tion is 0.28. +"ing to slip on one of the pulleys, the velo#ity of the driven shaft is 520 only. !etermine the 0i1 tor-ue on ea#h shaft 0ii1 po"er transmitted 0iii1 po"er lost in fri#tion 0iv1 effi#ien#y of the drive. %Ans& (6$.5 m, 10.6'5 k), 582 ), 5.(57*

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$ 1$. A 8 belt drive "ith the follo"ing data transmits po"er from an ele#tri# motor to a #ompressor. 6pe#ifi#ation are & 9o"er transmitted 4 60 k), 6peed of the ele#tri# motor 4 '50 rpm, 6peed of the #ompressor4$00 rpm, !iameter of #ompressor pulley4800 mm, :entre distan#e bet"een pulleys41.5 m, ;aximum speed of the belt 4 $0 m/s, ;ass density of the belt 4 500kg/m$, :ross se#tional area of belt4$50 mm2. Allo"able stress in the belt4 2.2 /mm2. <roove angle of the pulley 4 $8o. :oeffi#ient of fri#tion 4 0.28. !etermine the number of the belts re-uired and the length of ea#h belt.%Ans & 5, (.'5 m* !etermine the maximum transmitted by a 8 belt drive having the in#luded 8 groove angle of $5o. The belt used is 18 mm deep "ith 18 mm maximum "idth and "eighs $00 g per metre length. The angle of lap is 1(5 o and the maximum permissible stress is 1.5 /mm2. Take #oeffi#ient of fri#tion to be 0.2. %Ans & 6.12 k)* The grooves on the pulleys of a multiple rope drive have an angle of 50 o and a##ommodate ropes of 22 mm diameter having a mass of 0.8 kg per metre length for "hi#h a safe operating tension of 1200 has been laid do"n. The t"o pulleys are e-ual si=e. The drive is designed for maximum po"er #onditions. 6peed of both the pulleys is 180 rpm. Assuming #oeffi#ient of fri#tion as 0.25, determine the diameter of the pulleys and the number of ropes "hen the po"er transmitted is 150 k). %Ans & ! 14 !2 4 2.$' m, 10 ropes* The follo"ing data relate to a rope drive & 9o"er transmitted420 k), !iameter of pulley 4 (80 mm, 6peed 4 80 rpm, Angle of lap on smaller pulley 4160 o, umber of ropes 4 8, ;ass of rope/m length 4(8 <2kg, >imiting "orking tension 4 1$2 <2k , :oeffi#ient of fri#tion40.$. Angle of groove 4((o. .f < is the girth in m, determine the initial tension and the diameter of ea#h rope. %Ans& ''0.8 , 0.$2' m* 2.5 k) of po"er is transmitted by an open belt drive. The linear velo#ity of the belt is 2.5 m/s. The angle of lap on the smaller pulley is 165 o. The #oeffi#ient of fri#tion is 0.$. !etermine the effe#t on po"er transmission in follo"ing #ases & 0i1 .nitial tension in the belt is in#reased by 87, 0ii1 .nitial tension in the belt is de#reased by 87 0iii1 angle of lap is in#reased by 87 by the use of an idler pulley, for the same speed and the tension on the tight side. 0iv1 #oeffi#ient of fri#tion is in#reased by 87 by suitable dressing to the fri#tion surfa#e of the belt. %Ans & 9o"er in#rease 87, 9o"er de#rease 87, 9o"er in#rease (.657, 9o"er in#rease '7 * .n a belt drive, the mass of the belt is 1 kg/m length and its speed is 6 m/s. The drive transmits 5.6 k) of po"er. !etermine the initial tension in the belt and the strength of the belt. The #oeffi#ient of fri#tion is 0.25 and the angle of lap is 220 o. %Ans& 15$8 , 2'$8 *

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( 15. The initial tension in a belt drive is found to be 600 and the ratio of fri#tion tensions is 1.8. The mass of the belt is 0.8 kg/m length. !etermine the 0i1 velo#ity of the belt for maximum po"er transmission.0ii1 tension on the tight side of the belt "hen it is started. 0iii1 tension on the tight side of the belt "hen running at maximum speed. %Ans & 15.8 m/s, ''1.( , 51(.6 * .n an open belt drive, the diameter of the larger and the smaller pulleys are 1.2 m and 0.8 m respe#tively. The smaller pulley rotates at $20 rpm. The #entre distan#e bet"een the shafts is ( m. )hen stationary the initial tension in the belt is 2.8 k . The mass of the belt is 1.8 kg/m and the #oeffi#ient of fri#tion bet"een the belt and the pulley is 0.25. !etermine the po"er transmitted. %Ans& 2(.106 k)* A flat belt is to be designed to transmit 110kW at a belt speed 25 m/s between two pulleys of diameters 250 mm and 400 mm, ha ing pulley !entre distan!e of 1 m. "he allowable stress is #.5 $%/m2 and belts are a ailable ha ing a thi!kness &to'width ratio 0.1 and a material density of 1100 kg/m (. )i en that the !oeffi!ient of fri!tion between the belt and pulleys is 0.(, determine the minimum re*uired belt width. What would be the ne!essary installation for!e between the pulley bearings and what will be the for!e between the pulley bearings when the full power is being transmitted. +Ans , -..5 mm, 11.2. %, 10 425 %/ A small air !ompressor is belt'dri en from a lay shaft in a workshop, the pulley on the !ompressor being (00 mm diameter, and the angle of lap of the belt is 105 o. When the belt is mo ed from the loose to the fast pulley, it slips for # s until the !ompressor attains its !onstant speed of (00 re /min. "he flywheel of the !ompressor has a moment of inertia of 4 kgm 2 and the fri!tion re*uires a !onstant tor*ue of 4 %m. 1f the !oeffi!ient of fri!tion 0.2# during the a!!elerating period, find the tensions in both rea!hes of the belt, and also the distan!e that the belt'slips and the energy lost in that time due to the belt slip. +Ans , 100 %, 1#.#4m, 24.0 2/ "wo parallel hori3ontal shafts, whose !entre lines are 4.# m apart, one being erti!ally abo e the other, are !onne!ted by an open belt dri e. "he pulley on the upper shaft is 1.05 m diameter, that on the lower shaft is 1.5 m diameter. "he belt is 150 mm wide and the initial tension in it when stationary and when no tor*ue is being transmitted is ( k%. "he belt has a mass of 1.5 kg/m length4 the gra itational for!e on it may be negle!ted but !entrifugal for!e must be taken into a!!ount. "he material of the belt may be assumed to obey 5ooke6s law, and the free lengths of the belt between pulleys may be assumed to be straight. "he !oeffi!ient of fri!tion between the belt and either pulley is 0.(. 7al!ulate, 8i9 the pressure in %/m2 between the belt and the upper pulley when the belt and pulleys are stationary and no tor*ue is being transmitted,8ii9 the tension in the belt and the pressure between the belt and the pressure between the belt and the upper pulley if the upper shaft rotates at 400 re /min and there is no resisting tor*ue on the lower shaft, hen!e no power being transmitted, and 8iii9 the greatest tension in the belt if the upper shaft rotates at 400 re /min and the ma:imum possible power is being transmitted to the lower shaft. +Ans , (#100 %/m2, 2# -00 %/m2, (-.0 %,

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;igure below shows a belt dri e fitted with a gra ity idler. "he dri er rotates anti!lo!kwise at (00 re /min and the !oeffi!ient of fri!tion between belt and pulley is 0.(. <etermine the initial belt tension and the power transmitted. %egle!t any sag in the belt. +Ans, 1.0 %. 1--0 W/

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;igure below shows the layout of a band brake applied to the brake drum of a hoist, where the braking for!e = is applied at one end of a le er. Whi!h is pi oted on a fi:ed ful!rum at ;. "he drum diameter is 1m, the ar! of !onta!t 225 o and >?0.(. 7al!ulate the for!e = to gi e a braking tor*ue of 4000 % m if the drum is rotating, 8i9 !lo!kwise, and. 8ii9 anti!lo!kwise. 7omment on the large differen!e between the answers to 8i9 and,8ii1. +Ans , 10..2 %, 1.10%/

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"he essential features of a transmission dynamometer are shown in figure below. A is the dri ing pulley whi!h runs at 500 re /min. @ and 7 are Ao!key pulleys mounted on a hori3ontal beam pi oted at <, about whi!h point the !omplete beam is balan!ed when at rest. B is the dri en pulley, and all portions of the belt between the pulleys are erti!al. A, @ and 7 are ea!h (00 mm diameter, and the thi!kness and mass of the belt are to be negle!ted. <; is .50 mm. ;ind 8i9 the alue of the mass m ne!essary to maintain the beam in a hori3ontal position when 4 kW is being transmitted, and 8ii9 the alue of m when the belt Aust begins to slip on A, > being 0.2 and the ma:imum tension in the belt 1100%. +Ans,41.5 kg, 41.- kg/