1.) An engine, running at 120 r.p.m., drives a line shaft by means of a belt.

The engine pulley is

650 mm diameter and the pulley on the line shaft being 350 mm. A 800 mm diameter pulley
on the line shaft drives a 130 mm diameter pulley keyed to a dynamo shaft. Find the speed
of the dynamo shaft, when 1. There is no slip, and 2. There is a slip of 2% at each drive.

Given: N1 = 120 r.p.m. ; d1 = 650 mm ; d2 = 350 mm ; d3 = 800 mm ; d4 = 130 mm

Let N4 = Speed of the dynamo shaft

1. When there is no slip

N 4 d 1 x d 3 N 4 650 x 800
We know that = ∨ =
N 1 d 2 x d 4 120 350 x 130

N 4=1371 rpm

2. When there is a slip of 2% at each drive

N 4 d1 xd 3 s1 s2
We know that = (1− )(1− )
N 1 d 2x d 4 100 100

N 4 650 x 800
=
120 350 x 130
1− (
2
100
1−
2
100 )( )
N 4=1317 rpm Ans .

2.) The power is transmitted from a pulley 2 m diameter running at 150 r.p.m. to a pulley 3.25
m diameter by means of a belt. Find the speed lost by the driven pulley as a result of creep,
if the stress on the tight and slack side of the belt is 1.2 MPa and 0.4 MPa respectively. The
Young’s modulus for the material of the belt is 90 MPa

Given : d1 = 2 m ; N1 = 150 r.p.m. ; d2 = 2.25 m ; σ1 = 1.2 MPa = 1.4 × 106 N/m2 ; σ2 = 0.4 MPa =
0.4 × 106 N/m2 ; E = 90 MPa = 90 × 106 N/m2

Let N2 = Speed of the driven pulley.

Neglecting creep, we know that

N2 d1 d1 2
= or N 2=N 1 x = 150 x =¿92.30 rpm
N1 d2 d2 3.25

Considering creep, we know tha

N 2 d 1 E+ √ σ 2
= x
N 1 d 2 E+ √ σ 1
 2 90 x 106 + √ 0.4 x 106
Or N 2=150 x x =92 rpm
3.25 90 x 106 + √ 1.2 x 106
∴ Speed lost by driven pulley due to creep
= 92.30 rpm - 92 rpm = 0.3 rpm Ans .
3.) Find the power transmitted by a belt running over a pulley of 500 mm diameter at 150
r.p.m. The coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley is 0.25, angle of lap 160°
and maximum tension in the belt is 2300 N.

Given : d = 500 mm = 0.5 m ; N = 150 r.p.m. ; µ = 0.20 ; θ = 140° = 140 × π / 180 = 2.44 rad ;
T1 = 2300 N

We know that velocity of the belt,

π d . N π x 0.5 x 150 m
v= = =3.92
60 60 s
Let T2 = Tension in the slack side of the belt.

We know that 2.3log ( TT 12 )=µ . θ=0.20 x 2.44=0.488

log( TT 12 )= 0.488
2.3
= 0.2121

T1
=1.62 ...(Taking antilog of 0.2121)
T2

T 1 2300
And T 2= = =1419.75 N
1.62 1.62
We know that power transmitted by the belt,
P = (T1 – T2 ) v = (2300 – 1419.75) 3.92 = 3450.58 W or 3.45 kW Ans .

4.) A casting weighing 7 kN hangs freely from a rope which makes 3.5 turns round a drum of
400 mm diameter revolving at 30 r.p.m. The other end of the rope is pulled by a man. The
coefficient of friction is 0.23. Determine 1. The force required by the man, and 2. The power
to raise the casting.

Given : W = T1 = 7 kN = 7000 N ; d = 400 mm = 0.4 m ; N = 20 r.p.m. ; µ = 0.23

1. Force required by the man

Let T2 = Force required by the man.
Since the rope makes 3.5 turns round the drum, therefore angle of contact,
θ = 3.5 × 2 π = 7 π rad
 We know that 2.3log ( TT 12 )=µ . θ=0.23 x 7 π=5.05
log ( TT 12 )= 5.05
2.3
= 2.199 or
T1
T2
=154.88 ...(Taking antilog of 2.199)

T1 7000
T 2= = =45.196 N
154.88 154.88

2. Power to raise the casting

We know that velocity of the rope,
π d . N π x 0.4 x 30 m
v= = =0.6283
60 60 s
∴ Power to raise the casting,
P = (T1 – T2 ) v = (7000 – 45.196) 0.6283 =4369 W = 4.36 kW Ans
5.) A rope drive transmits 500 kW from a pulley of effective diameter 3 m, which runs at a
speed of 100 r.p.m. The angle of lap is 150° ; the angle of groove 45° ; the coefficient of
friction 0.28 ; the mass of rope 1.9 kg / m and the allowable tension in each rope 2100 N.
Find the number of ropes required.

Given : P = 500 kW ; d = 3 m ; N = 90 r.p.m. ; θ = 150° = 150 × π / 180 = 2.61 rad; 2 β = 45° or

β = 22.5° ; µ = 0.25 ; m = 1.9 kg / m ; T = 2100 N

We know that velocity of the rope,

π d . N π x 3 x 100 m
v= = =15.70
60 60 s
∴ Centrifugal tension, TC = m . v =1.9 ¿ = 468.80 N
2

and tension in the tight side of the rope,

T1 = T – TC = 2100 – 468.80 = 1631.19 N
Let T2 = Tension in the slack side of the rope.
We know that

2.3log ( TT 12 )=µ . θ cosec β=0.25 x 2.61 x cosec 22.5° =1.70

log ( TT 12 )= 1.70
2.3
= 0.741 or
T1
T2
=5.50 ...(Taking antilog of 0.741)

1631.19 1631.19
And T 2= = =709.21 N
5.50 5.50
We know that power transmitted per rope
= (T1 – T2 ) v = (1631.19– 709.21) 15.70= 14475.08 W = 14.47 kW
 Total power transmitted 500
∴ Number of ropes= = =34.54∨35 Ans
Power transmitted per rope 14.47

6.) A piece of equipment is driven by a 25-hp motor through a standard B90 V-Belt (length
correction factor is 1.5 in). The motor runs at 1150 rpm. The nominal speed of the
equipment must be 550 rpm. Compute the pitch length of the belt if the motor sheave
diameter is 15 inches.

Solution:
Lp = L inside + correction
Lp = 90 + 1.5 = 92 in Ans.

7.) A belt is required to transmit 18.5 kW from a pulley of 1.2 m diameter running at 250 rpm to
another pulley which runs at 500 rpm.The distance between the centers of pulleys is 2.7 m.
The following data refer to an open belt drive, = 0.25. Safe working stress for leather is 1.55
N/mm2. Thickness of belt = 10mm. Determine the width and length of belt taking
centrifugal tension into account. Also find the initial tension in the belt and absolute power
that can be transmitted by this belt and the speed at which this can be transmitted.

For maximum power transmission

σ 1 1.55 N
σc= = =0.5166
3 3 mm
2

w 2 6
Also σc= v x 10
g
6
10 x 10 2 6
∴ 0.5166 = x v x 10
9810
m
∴ 22.51
s

Power transmitted ( σ 1−σc ) kv

=
mm
2
1000

( 1.55−0.5166 ) (0.52)(22.51)
=
1000

= 0.012096 kW

∴ Total absolute power = Area of c/s of belt x power per mm 2

= 1503.18 x 0.012096 = 18 kW Ans.

8.) Power is transmitted using a V-belt drive. The included angle of V-groove is 30°. The belt is
30 mm deep and maximum width is 30 mm. If the mass of the belt is 0.30 kg per metre
length and maximum allowable stress is 1.2 MPa, determine the maximum power
transmitted when the angle of lap is 140°. µ = 0.20.

Given : 2 β = 30° or β = 15° ; t = 30 mm = 0.03 m ; b = 30 mm = 0.03 m ; m = 0.30 kg/m ; σ =

1.2 MPa = 1.2 × 106 N/m2 ; θ = 140° = 140° × π / 180 = 2.444 rad ; µ = 0.20

We know that maximum tension in the belt,

T = σ. b. t = 1.2 × 106 × 0.03 × 0.03 = 1080 N

and for maximum power to be transmitted, velocity of the belt

v=
√ √
T
3m
=
1080
3 x 0.30
=34.64
m
s

Let T1 = Tension in the tight side of the belt, and

T2 = Tension in the slack side of the belt.

We know that

2.3log ( TT 12 )=µ . θ cosec β=0.20 x 2.44 x cosec 15 °=1.885

( TT 12 )= 1.885
log
2.3
= 0.8197 or
T1
T2
=6.6023 ...(Taking antilog of 0.8197)

T 1080
Centrifugal tension, Tc= = =360 N
3 3
And T1 = T – TC = 1080 – 360 = 720 N
T 1 720
T 2= = =174.334 N
4.13 4.13
We know that maximum power transmitted,
P = (T1 – T2 ) v = (720 – 174.334) 34.64 = 18901.87 W = 18.90 kW Ans

9.) What horsepower is to be taken off the driven shaft of an open-belt drive operated under
the following conditions: driving pulley 94 in. in diameter, driven pulley 48 in. in diameter,
speed of driving pulley 150 rpm, total tension on tight side of belt 450 lb, total tension on
slack side of belt 100 lb?

Solution>
 P= ( 450−100 ) ¿ ¿ Ans.

10.) A 914 mm driving pulley and a 1235 mm driven pulley are arranged on a meter
centers. The output of the driven shaft is 84 Hp. The belt speed is assumed to be 1360
m/min with a coefficient of friction of 0.30 and a slip of 3.5 % each pulley. Determine
the rpm of the driven shaft.

Solution:

V = πDN ( 1+% Slip ) → Driven

1360 = π ( 1.235 ) N ( 1+0.035 ) → Driven

N = 338 rpm Ans.