Contents

Preface ..................................................................................................
.......... 5
Importance Chapter Guidelines for IBPS PO 2013
Reasoning ............................
Classi!cation ...........................................................................................
......... "
Sol#ed $%amples
&Classi!cation' .................................................................................................
............ (
Practice Set
&Classi!cation' .................................................................................................
................. 11
Classi!cation Practice Set
&)ns*ers' .................................................................................................. 13
)nalog+ ...................................................................................................
....... 1,
Sol#ed $%amples
&)nalog+' ..........................................................................................................
........... 1"
Practice Set
&)nalog+' ..........................................................................................................
.................. 1-
)nalog+ Practice Set
&)ns*ers' .........................................................................................................
... 20
Coding .ecoding
............................................................................................ 21
Sol#ed $%amples &Coding
.ecoding' .....................................................................................................
23
Practice Set &Coding
.ecoding' .........................................................................................................
.... 2/
Coding .ecoding Practice Set
&)ns*ers' ............................................................................................. 2"
S+llogism ................................................................................................
........ 2-
Sol#ed $%amples
&S+llogism' .......................................................................................................
........... 31
Practice Set 0 1
&S+llogism' .......................................................................................................
............. 3,
Practice Set 0 2
&S+llogism' .......................................................................................................
............ 3"
S+llogism Practice Set 0 1
&)ns*ers' .................................................................................................... ,0
S+llogism Practice Set 0 2
&)ns*ers' .................................................................................................... ,0
.irection Sence
.............................................................................................. ,1
Sol#ed $%amples &.irection
Sence' ........................................................................................................ ,3
Practice Set &.irection
Sence' ..............................................................................................................
. ,/
.irection Sence Practice Set
&)ns*ers' ................................................................................................ ,"
Input 0 Output
................................................................................................. ,-
Sol#ed $%amples &Input 0
Output' ...........................................................................................................
/0
Practice Set 0 1 &Input 0
Output' .............................................................................................................
. /,
Practice Set 0 2 &Input 0
Output' .............................................................................................................
. /"
Input 0 Output Practice Set 0 1
&)ns*ers' .............................................................................................. 0
Input 0 Output Practice Set 0 2
&)ns*ers' .............................................................................................. 0
Blood Relations
.............................................................................................. 1
Sol#ed $%amples &Blood
Relations' ........................................................................................................
3
Practice Set 0 &Blood
Relations' .........................................................................................................
.... /
Blood Relations Practice Set 0
&)ns*ers' .............................................................................................. "
)lpha1et 2 3um1er Se4uence 5est
................................................................ -
Sol#ed $%amples &)lpha1et 2 3um1er Se4uence
5est' ........................................................................ "1
Practice Set 0 1 &)lpha1et 2 3um1er Se4uence
5est' .......................................................................... ",
Practice Set 0 2 &)lpha1et 2 3um1er Se4uence
5est' .......................................................................... ""
)lpha1et 2 3um1er Se4uence 5est Practice Set 0 1
&)ns*ers' ........................................................... "(
)lpha1et 2 3um1er Se4uence 5est Practice Set 0 2
&)ns*ers' ........................................................... "(
6ogical 7enn .iagrams
................................................................................... -0
Sol#ed $%amples &6ogical 7enn
.iagrams' ............................................................................................ -3
Practice Set &6ogical 7enn
.iagrams' ................................................................................................... -/
6ogical 7enn .iagrams Practice Set 0
&)ns*ers' ................................................................................. --
)rrangements8 6inear 2 Circular
.................................................................... -(
Sol#ed $%amples &)rrangement 6inear 2
Circular' ............................................................................... (3
Practice Set 0 1 &)rrangement 6inear 2
Circular' ................................................................................. (-
Practice Set 0 2 &)rrangement 6inear 2
Circular' ............................................................................... 101
)rrangement 6inear 2 Circular Practice Set 0 1
&)ns*ers' ............................................................... 10,
)rrangement 6inear 2 Circular Practice Set 0 2
&)ns*ers' ............................................................... 10,
Pu99le 5est
................................................................................................... 10/
Sol#ed $%amples &Pu99le
5est' .............................................................................................................
112
Practice Set 1 0 &Pu99le
5est' ................................................................................................................
11
Practice Set 2 0 &Pu99le
5est' ................................................................................................................
11(
Pu99le 5est Practice Set 0 1
&)ns*ers' ................................................................................................. 122
Pu99le 5est Practice Set 0 2
&)ns*ers' ................................................................................................. 122
$ligi1ilit+ 5est
............................................................................................... 123
Sol#ed $%amples &$ligi1ilit+
5est' ......................................................................................................... 12/
Practice Set 0 &$ligi1ilit+
5est' ..............................................................................................................
132
$ligi1ilit+ 5est Practice Set 0
&)ns*ers' ............................................................................................... 13,
6ogical Reasoning
........................................................................................ 13/
6ogical Reasoning8 Statement 0
)rguments ....................................................................................... 13
6ogical Reasoning8 Statement 0
)ssumptions .................................................................................... 13"
6ogical Reasoning8 Statement and Courses of
)ction ....................................................................... 13-
6ogical Reasoning8 Statement 0
Inferences ....................................................................................... 13(
6ogical Reasoning8 Cause and
$:ect ................................................................................................ 1,1
Sol#ed $%amples &6ogical
Reasoning' .................................................................................................
1,2
Practice Set 0 1 &6ogical
Reasoning' ....................................................................................................
1,
Practice Set 0 2 &6ogical
Reasoning' ....................................................................................................
1,(
6ogical Reasoning Practice Set 0 1 & )ns*ers 2
$%planations' ....................................................... 1/2
6ogical Reasoning Practice Set 0 2
&)ns*ers' .................................................................................... 1/,
.ata Su:icienc+
........................................................................................... 1//
Sol#ed $%amples &.ata
Su:icienc+' .....................................................................................................
1/"
Practice Set 0 1 &.ata
Su:icienc+' ......................................................................................................
. 10
Practice Set 0 2 &.ata
Su:icienc+' ......................................................................................................
. 13
.ata Su:icienc+ Practice Set 0 1
&)ns*ers' ........................................................................................ 1/
.ata Su:icienc+ Practice Set 0 2
&)ns*ers' ........................................................................................ 1/
3on 7er1al Reasoning
.................................................................................. 1
Sol#ed $%amples &3on 7er1al
Reasoning' ........................................................................................... 1"1
Practice Set 0 1 &3on 7er1al
Reasoning' .............................................................................................. 1"-
Practice Set 0 2 &3on 7er1al
Reasoning' ............................................................................................. 1-1
3on 7er1al Reasoning Practice Set 0 1
&)ns*ers' .............................................................................. 1-/
3on 7er1al Reasoning Practice Set 0 2
&)ns*ers' .............................................................................. 1-/
Types of Classifcation
Type I: Selecting the odd word
Example: Select the word which is least like the other words in the
grop.
&a' .agger &1' ;ammer &c' <nife &d' S*ord &e' Blade
Soltion: &1' ;ere all are sharp edged and ha#ing a cutting action e%cept
;ammer.
Type II: Selecting the odd pair of words
Example: Choose the odd pair of words
&a' Oil8 6amp &1' Po*er8 =achine &c' O%+gen8 6ife &d' >ater8 5ap
Soltion: &d' clearl+ in all the pairs second re4uires the !rst to function
Type III: Selecting the odd !meral
Example: Choose the nm"er which is di#erent from others in the
grop
&a' 1"&1' 2" &c' 2(&d' 3" &e' /(
Soltion: &1' $ach of the num1ers e%cept 2"? is a prime num1er.
Type I$: Selecting the odd !meral grop or !meral Pair
Example: Choose the nm"er which is di#erent from others.
&a' 210,( &1' 2,0, &c' 2/0/, &d' 2"0-1
Soltion: &c' In all other num1ers? the second num1er is the s4uare of one0
third of the !rst num1er.
Type $: Selecting the odd letter %rop
Example: Choose the grop of letters which is di#erent from others.
&a' )PB@ &1' CR.5 &c' $AB7 &d' G>;C
Soltion: &1' In all other? the !rst and the third as *ell as the second and
the fourth are consecuti#e letters in the $nglish alpha1et.
&irection '(.)* +,
Bour of the follo*ing !#e are aliDe in a certain *a+ and so form a group.
>hich is the one that does not 1elong to that groupE (IBPS RRB Exam
2012)
(.)
&1' Repair &2' =end &3' Correct &,' Rectif+ &/' 5rou1le
-nswer: '5,Soltion: $%cept 5rou1le? all others are s+non+ms.
(..
&1' $mplo+ed &2' 5rained &3' ;ired &,' )ppointed &/' Commissioned
-nswer: '., Soltion: $%cept 5rained? all others are same in meaning.
(.+
&1' @uicD
&2' BrisD
&3' @uiet
&,' Bast
&/' Rapid
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
$%cept @uiet? all others are s+non+ms.
(./ Bour of the follo*ing !#e are aliDe in a certain
*a+ &1ased on the $nglish alpha1etical series'
and hence form a group. >hich is the one that
does not 1elong to that group if the $nglish
alpha1etical series is 1roDen into t*o e4ual
hal#es? ie the !rst 13 alpha1ets are clu11ed
together and the last 13 alpha1ets are clu11ed
separatel+E
&1' B;
&2' SA
&3' =)
&,' C<
&/' 6B
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
$%cept SA? all the pairs of letters 1elong to the !rst half.
&irections '(.5*0,
Bour of the follo*ing !#e are aliDe in a certain *a+ 1ased
on their seating positions in the a1o#e arrangement
and hence form a group. >hich of the Fo*ing does not
1elong to the groupE
(Corporation Bank PO Exam 2011)
(.5
&1' B$
&2' CG
&3' G)
&,' .;
&/' )B
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Other pairs consist of immediate neigh1ours.
(.0
&1' B
&2' B
&3' G
&,' )
&/' .
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
Other are facing to*ards the centre.
&irections '(..0*.1,
Bour of the follo*ing !#e are aliDe in a certain *a+ and
hence form a group. >hich is the one that does not
1elong to the groupE
(Indian Overseas Bank PO Exam 2011)
10 IBPS B)3< PO $C)= 20138 8 Reasoning
(.1
&1' $+e
&2' <idne+
&3' ;eart
&,' 6ungs
&/' $ar
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
$%cept heart? all other 1od+ parts are t*o in num1er in
the human 1od+.
(.2
&1' Ani4ue
&2' $%clusi#e
&3' Rare
&,' .istinct
&/' $%tinct
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
)ll others are similar in meaning.
&irections '(. 3*)),
Bour of the follo*ing !#e are aliDe in a certain *a+
&1ased on the $nglish alpha1etical series' and hence
form a group. >hich is the one that does not 1elong to
that groupE
(.3
&1' )BC
&2' )BC.7
&3' )BC.$B5
&,' )BC>
&/' )BC.$S
-nswer: '5,
(.)4
&1' .3$6
&2' <RI5
&3' ;AGS
&,' B@.O
&/' G>6A
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
5he pattern is
(.))
&1' CCIG
&2' )H6G
&3' .>75
&,' BH@O
&/' G5<I
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
In all others? the second letter of the group has the
same position in the alpha1et from the right as the !rst
letter has from the left.
Classi!cation Practice Set
&irection55 In each of the following 6estions fnd the word which is
di#erent from the rest.
(.) &)' Rose &B' 6il+ &C' =arigold &.' Cactus
(.. &)' BlacD &B' Red &C' Iello* &.' Blue
(.+ &)' )rm &B' Boot &C' 3ose &.' $ar
(./ &)' 5omato &B' Potato &C' Carrot &.' Onion
(.5 &)' CricDet &B' Badminton &C' 5ennis &.' ;ocDe+
&irection55 7ind ot the pair which is di#erent from the others in
each of the following 6estions.
(.0 &)' School 2 Students &B' Court and )d#ocates &C' Standing Spectators &.'
Road and Pedestrians
(.1 &)' PaperJJ>hite &B' SD+JJBlue &C' CassetteJJSong
&.' 6eafJJGreen
(.2 &)' BootJ;and &B' $+eJ3ose &C' Bod+J;ead &.'
>ristJBinger
(.3 &)' PetrolJCar &B' InDJPen &C' Gar1ageJ.ust1in
&.' 6eadJPencil
&irections55 In each of the following 6estions fnd ot the grop of
letters which is di#erent from the others.
(.)4 &)' )H &B' .A &C' $7 &.' G5
(.)) &)' )B6 &B' .I3 &C' $GP &.' =RC
(.). &)' C;G &B' 6== &C' BBC &.' ;$G
(.)+ &)' B;$ &B' .GG &C' SI5 &.' GP= &$' PAS
&irections55 Choose the nm"er which is di#erent from the rest in
each of the following 6estions.
(.)/ &)' 2" &B' , &C' 12/ &.' 1,,
(.)5 &)' 12/ &B' 21 &C' "2( &.' /2/
(.)0 &)' 30 &B' 2" &C' /- &.' &$' 30
(.)1 &)' 21/ &B' 12 &C' / &.' 2- &$' (
&irections55 In each of the following for grops of letters are gi8en.
-rrange there letters of each grop to make a meaningfl word and
then fnd the odd man ot.
(.)2 &)' IS5 &B' <PSI &C' AP=G &.' AR3
(.)3 &)' ))IS &B' )R)CBI&C' II.3) &.' AOR$P$
(..4 &)' AS;O$ &B' $$C5=3 &C' RCB<I &.' O.>O
(..) &)' OO55)P &B' =63O$&C' PP)6$ &.' R3$GO)
Classi!cation Practice Set &)ns*ers'
1 &.' 2 &)' 3 &B' , &)' / &B' &C' " &C' - &)' ( &C' 10 &B' 11 &B'
12 &.' 13 &$' 1, &.' 1/ &.' 1 &B' 1" &)' 1-
&.' 1( &C' 20 &)' 21 &)'
1, IBPS B)3< PO $C)= 20138 8 Reasoning
)nalog+
lt is a similarit+ or compara1ilit+ 1et*een liDe features of t*o things on
*hich a comparison ma+ 1e 1ased. In these
t+pes of 4uestions a series of num1ers or alpha1etical letters or
com1inations of 1oth are gi#en. 5he candidate is
re4uired to stud+ the pattern and either to complete the gi#en series *ith
the suita1le term or to !nd the *rong term
in the series.
Types of -nalogy 9elationships
Type I: Completing the -nalogos Pair
In these t+pes of 4uestions? three *ords are gi#en and t*o *ords are
related to each other in some *a+.
5he candidate is re4uired to !nd out the relationship 1et*een the third and
fourth *ord on the 1asis of the
relationship of the !rst t*o *ords.
Example: Plant: Tree:: %irl::
&a' Sister
&1' =other
&c' >omen
&d' >ife
Soltion: &c' Clearl+ !rst gro*s into the second.
Type II: Simple or &irect -nalogy
Bollo*ing e%ample *ill e%plain the concept of Simple or .irect )nalog+8
Example: Earth is related to -xis in the same way as wheel is related
to ;..:...
&a' ;u1
&1' Scooter
&c' 5+re
&d' Road
Soltion: &a' ;ere the !rst rotates a1out the second.
Type III: Selecting the -nalogies Pair
Bollo*ing e%ample *ill e%plain the a1o#e concept8
Example: Sonnet: Poem
&a' Chapter8BooD
&1' 6ie8Balsehood
&c' =urder8Crime
&d' Ballad8Stan9a
Soltion: &c' Clearl+ Sonnet is a part of Poem? similarl+ murder is one of
the t+pe of Crime.
Type I$: &o"le -nalogy
In the follo*ing e%ample? t*o *ords indicated 1+ I and II ha#e 1een left out.
5he correct *ord to come
in place of I is gi#en as one of the four alternati#es &1'? &2'? &3' and &,'
against I and the correct *ord
to come in place of II is gi#en as one of the four alternati#es &)'? &B'? &C' and
&.' against II. 5here is some
relationship 1et*een the t*o *ords to the left of sign &88' and the same
relationship o1tains 1et*een the
Chapter8 )nalog+
IBPS B)3< PO $C)= 20138 8 Reasoning 1/
)nalog+
t*o *ords to the right of the sign &88'. 5he correct com1ination is gi#en as
one of the four alternati#es &a'?
&1'? &c' and &d'. Bind the correct com1ination.
Example: I: <orse:: =ray :II
I. &1' 3eigh &2';oof &3' Ride &,' Saddle
II. &)' Rela+ &B' Pon+ &C' >agon &.' .onDe+
&a' 1) &1' 1. &c' 2. &d' 3C
-nswer: &1' Clearl+? !rst is the sound produced 1+ II.
Type $: Selecting a similar word
In this t+pe of 4uestions? a group of threeKfour inter related *ords is gi#en.
Candidate is re4uired to select
a *ord from the gi#en alternati#es that is similar to the gi#en *ords and
hence 1elongs to the same group.
Example: >m"ai: ?olkata: >angalore
&a' ;+dera1ad
&1' Cochin
&c' .elhi
&d' Gaipur
-nswer: &1' clearl+? all are port cities.
Type $I: >ltiple 5 word -nalogy
In this t+pe of 4uestions? a group of three and four *ords is gi#en and all of
them are inter0related. 5he
candidate is re4uired to !nd out the relationship among the *ords gi#en in
the 4uestion and choose
another group *ith the similar relationship from the gi#en alternati#es.
Type $II: -nalogy "ased on !m"ers
5his section deals *ith the follo*ing t+pes of 4uestions8
Example: '), .0:5:: 05::
&a' (
&1' -
&c' "
&d'
Soltion: &1' Clearl+ the relationship is &%2 L 1' 8 %.
Example: '., )):).)4
&a' 821
&1' "8102(
&c' -8,,-
&d' (8"2(
Soltion: &c' Clearl+ the relationship is %8 &%3 0 %2'
Example: '+, %i8en set: '2)@ 11@03,
&a' &/? /2? ,,'
&1' &,? 1? /3'
&c' &"/?"1?0'
&d' &(2? --? "('
Soltion: &a' ;ere 1st num1er J , M 2nd 3um1er
2nd 3um1er J - M 3rd 3um1er.
Type IA: -nalogy "ased on -lpha"et:
In these t+pe of @uestions a candidate is re4uired to !nd out the
relationship 1et*een t*o gi#en groups
of letters related to each other in some *a+ and then choose either a letter
group or pair consisting of
1 IBPS B)3< PO $C)= 20138 8 Reasoning
)nalog+
similarl+ related letter groups.
Bollo*ing e%ample *ill e%plain the a1o#e concept8
Example: =BC?ET: -CT$=&CD&7SB:: =E!BS: :
&a' C.P@OP7>5A
&1' SA3OR
&c' )C3P=O57R5
&d' )C3P=O7>5A
Soltion: &c' ;ere each letter of !rst group is replaces 1+ t*o letters?
*here one letter comes 1efore it and one
comes after that particular letter in the second group.
IBPS B)3< PO $C)= 20138 8 Reasoning 1"
Sol#ed $%amples &)nalog+'
&irections '(.), Stdy the following information to
answer the gi8en 6estions.
)? B? C? C? I? H? are seated in a straight line facing 3orth.
C is third to the right of H and B sits second to the right
of C. C sits to the immediate right of ).
(Indian Bank PO Exam 2011)
(.) If - : A and F : -@ then G :
&1' I
&2' B
&3' )
&,' C
&/' 3one of these
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
H ) C C I B
&irections '(..,
Stud+ the follo*ing information to ans*er the gi#en
4uestions. 3ine friends 6? =? 3? O? P? @? R? S and 5 are
sitting around a circle facing the centre. 5 sits !fth to
the right of R. 3 is not an immediate neigh1our of either
R or 5. = sits 1et*een Sand P. 3 sits fourth to the left of
P. 0 sits second to the right of @. S is not an immediate
neigh1our of 5.
(Punjab ationa! Bank Po Exam 2010)
(.. If S : ( then ! : :
&1' R
&2' O
&3' 6
&,' 5
&/' 3one of these
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
&irections '(.+, These 6estions are "ased on the
position of English alpha"ets.
(Centra! Bank o" India PO Exam 2010)
(.+ Hhich of the following has the same
relationship as that of CD : ?> :
&1' R5 8 A7
&2' $B 8 G;
&3' C$ 8 .B
&,' Cannot 1e determined
&/' 3one of these
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
)s
Similarl+? the gi#en ans*er options follo*. But none of
them is follo*ing such pattern.
(./ Hhich of the following pairs of words ha8e the
same relationship as 7-! : <E-T:
(Orienta! Bank o" Commer#e PO Exam 200$)
&1' >ater 8 .rinD
&2' 6ight 8 3ight
&3' 5each 8 Student
&,' )ir 8 Breathe
&/' Bood 8 ;unger
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
)s NfanO is related to NheatO similarl+? NfoodO is related to
NfoodO is related to NhungerO.
)nalog+
1- IBPS B)3< PO $C)= 20138 8 Reasoning
&irections * In each of the following 6estions fnd ot the
alternati8e which will replace the 6estion mark.
(.) Peace: Chaos : : Creation: :
&)' Build &B' Construction &C' .estruction &.' =anufacture
(.. -rchitect : =ilding : : Sclptor : :
&)' =useum &B' Stone
&C' Chisel
&.' Statue
(.+ Cloth : <ill : : !ewspaper : :
&)' $ditor
&B' Reader
&C' Paper
&.' Press
(./ College : Stdent : : <ospital : :
&)' 3urse
&B' .octor
&C' 5reatment
&.' Patient
&irections * In each of the following 6estions@
select the alternati8e that will come in place of
6estion mark.
(.5 =DEC?E& : GEDAP$H : : : : EF7>AS
&)' .$B)5$
&B' R$SA65
&C' 6)BOR
&.' 6)A3C;
(.0 7IED& : %C7>E : : SIC?DE : :
&)' R;BG<.
&B' R;GB<.
&C' 5G6.=B
&.' 5G.6=B
(.1 P-SS : (=TT : : 7-ID : :
&)' GGB=
&B' GBG=
&C' =BGG
&.' =GBG
(.2 (IE? : >>?E : : G-HC : :
&)' A$SG
&B' ASG)
&C' 7A$S
&.' SA$G
&$' 3one of these
&irections * In each of the following 6estions which
alternati8e will replace the 6estion mark:
(.3 2 : ./ : : : : +.
&)' /
&B'
&C' 10
&.' -
(.)4 ).+ : )+. : : .+5 : :
&)' 232
&B' 3/2
&C' 2/3
&.' 2/2
(.)) )// : )4 : : )03 : :
&)' 1,
&B' 11
&C' 13
&.' 12
(.). )/ : 3 : : .0 : :
&)' 12
&B' 13
&C' 31
&.' 1/
&irections * In each of the following 6estions
consists of pair of words "earing a relationship
among these@ from amongst the alternati8es@ pick
p the pair that "est illstrate a similar relationship.
(.)+ Silence : !oise
Practice Set &)nalog+'
)nalog+
IBPS B)3< PO $C)= 20138 8 Reasoning 1(
&)' @uiet 8 Peace
&B' Baldness 8 ;air
&C' 5alD 8 >hisper
&.' Sing 8 .ance
(.)/ 9i8er : Ecean
&)' Child 8 School
&B' BooD 8 6i1rar+
&C' 6ane 8 Road
&.' Cloth 8 Bod+
(.)5 %DE$E : <-!&
&)' 3$C< 8 CO66)R
&B' 5I$ 8 S;IR5
&C' SOC<S 8 B$$5
&.' CO)5 8 POC<$5
(.)0 Chalk : =lack*"oard
&)' 5+pe 8 Point
&B' 5a1le 8 Chair
&C' .oor 8 ;andle
&.' InD 8 Paper
(.)1 Halk is related to 9n in the same way as I=reeJeK is related to:
&)' Cold
&B' .ust
&C' >ind
&.' )ir
(.)2 ISmokeK is related to IpolltionK in the same way as IwarK is
related to:
&)' 7ictor+
&B' 5reat+
&C' .efeat
&.' .estruction
(.)3 I?athakK is related to IB.P.K in the sameway as IEddisyK is related
to:
'-, -ssam
'=, ?erala
'C, Erissa
'&, %Larat
(..4 -s I7lowerK is related to I=dK in the same way as I7ritK is
related to:
'-, Seed
'=, Tree
'C, 7lower
'&, Stem
'E, Petal
-nalogy
.4 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
-nalogy Practice Set '-nswers,
) 'C, . '&, + '&, / '&, 5 '&,
0 '&,
1 '=,
2 '-,
3 '=,
)4 '&,
)) '=,
). '&,
)+ '=,
)/ 'C,
)5 'C,
)0 '&,
)1 '&,
)2 '&,
)3 'C,
.4 'C,
-nalogy
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning .)
Coding &ecoding
Chapter: Coding &ecoding
Coding &ecoding test is to Ldge a candidateKs a"ility to decipher the
code langage. Coding is the process of
con8erting a word into another langage "y sing letters and
nm"ers while decoding is to con8ert the coded 8ale
"ack into the normal langage. In each 6estion of this topic a word
and coded form of the word will "e gi8en to the
stdent. - stdent will re6ired to decode the logic "ehind this
coding and then apply the logic to another gi8en word
to fnd the answer in form of a code.
English alpha"ets and their corresponding nm"er 8ales helps the
candidate to increase the performance in this area.
The position of the letter in the English -lpha"et is considered to "e
the 8ale of the alpha"et in 6estions on letter
series. -lso@ when we are conting from - to F@ we again start with -@
i.e. we treat the letters as "eing cyclic in natre.
Hhile attempting the letter series one shold know the 8ale of each
of the alpha"et as
-lpha"ets in natral series are:
- = C & E 7 % < I C ? D > ! E P ( 9 S T B $ H A G F
) . + / 5 0 1 2 3 )4 )) ). )+)/ )5 )0 )1 )2 )3 .4 .) .. .+ ./ .5 .0
The Hord ECETG is 8ery helpfl in fnding the position of the
alpha"et as
E C E T G
5 )4 )5 .4 .5
7or example@ if we want to fnd the position of the alpha"et ISK@ then
as we know that ITK is .4@ so ISK is .4 * ) M )3.
-lso@ we can fnd the position of an alpha"et from the end "y
s"tracting its 8ale from .1. 7or example@ the position
of & from the end is .1 5 / M .+.
The pattern "elow is 8ery sefl to fnd many types of 6estion in
-lpha"et Series when we write the last )+ alpha"ets
in front of the frst )+ alpha"ets of the English:
- = C & E 7 % < I C ? D >
F G A H $ B T S 9 ( P E !
The 6estions on coding and decoding are "asically of three types as
gi8en "elow.
I. DETTE9 TE DETTE9
). In a certain code IS<I>D-K is written as I9%<D?F@ how will P-T!-
"e coded then:
'a, EFT>F
'", EFS>F
'c, (=B>=
'd, EFTF>
Soltion: Each letter is coded as the letter pre8ios to it@ i.e. S M 9@
< M %@ I M <@ > M D@ D M ?@ - M F. P-T!- will
"ecome EFS>F. <ence the answer is '",.
.. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Coding &ecoding
.. If CEC( is coded as A$(C@ then =&IP will "e coded as :
'a, HB9(
'", GH9?
'c, HBPI
'd, GHPI
Soltion: The frst )+ letters of the alpha"et are coded "y the )+
letters of the alpha"et in re8erse@ i.e.
M - = C & E 7 % < I C ? D > 'frst )+ letters,
M F G A H $ B T S 9 ( P E ! ')+ letters in re8erse,
It is o"8ios from the a"o8e coding scheme that :
= M G@ & M H@ I M 9 and ? M P or P M ?
Therefore@ = & I P will "e coded as G H 9 ?.
So@ the answer is '",.
II. DETTE9 TE !B>=E9
+. If DE&ES is coded as /0+.)@ how will yo code the word &EES:
'a, ).+/
'", /+.)
'c, +0.)
'd, +.0)
Soltion: <ere@ yo will o"ser8e that all the letters of &EES are
inclded in the letters of DE&ES@ for which yo ha8e
the code & M +@ E M 0@ E M .@ S M ). Therefore &EES M +0.). So@ the
answer is 'd,.
/. &-FE is written as /).05 in a certain code. <ow will =EG "e
written in the same code:
'a, /)/.5
'", 5).4
'c, .)5.5
'd, +53
Soltion: In this 6estion the position of each alpha"et is gi8en like
& is / @ F is .0 etc. So the Code of
=EG will "e .)5.5 as = is .@ E is )5 and G is .5. So@ the answer is 'c,
III.>ISC-DD-!EEBS TGPES
5. In a certain code I/)5K means Imilk is hotKN I)2K means Ihot sopKN
and I235K means Isop is tastyK. Hhat
( nm"er will indicate the word ItastyK:
'a, 3
'", 2
'c, 5
'd, /
Soltion: The code for IhotK is ).So@ the code of IsopK is 2. !ow the
code of IisK is 5. <ence we can say that the
code of ItastyK is 3. So@ the answer is 'a,
0. If I"lackK is called IpinkK@ IpinkK is called I"leK@ K"leK is called
I"rownK@ I"rownK is called IorangeK@ IorangeK is
called I8ioletK@ I 8ioletK is called IredK and IredK is called I"lackK@ what
is the color of "lood :
'a, "lack
'", "rown
'c, pink
d, orange
Soltion: -s the color of "lood is red and red is called "lack in the
gi8en coded langage. So the color of "lood is
"lack in the gi8en coded langage. So the answer is 'a,
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning .+
Sol8ed Examples 'Coding &ecoding,
(.) In a certain code ITE->HE9?K is written as
I!=7BC(!$K and ISE>EK is written as IPT&DK.
<ow is IPE9SE!K written in that code:
(IBPS Spe#ia!ist O%i#er 2012)
'), (&EEPT
'., (&E>!9
'+, S7(>!9
'/, S7(EPT
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
T E - > H E 9 ?
P
> - E T ? 9 E H
O)P O)P O)P O)P *)P *)P *)P *)P
! = 7 B C ( ! $
and
S E > E
P
E S E >
O)P O)P *)P *)P
P T & D
<ence@
P E 9 S E !
P
9 E P ! E S
O)P O)P O)P *)P *)P *)P
S 7 ( > ! 9
(.. In a certain code@ I=-S?ETK is written as
I5Q+RS)K and T9IE&K is written as@ I)/TS.K.
<ow is IS?I9TK written in that code:
'), +RT/)
'., +TR/)
'+, +RS/)
'/, +S/R)
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
%i8en:
= - S ? E T 9 I &
5 Q + R S ) / T .
Therefore@ code for S?I9T * +RT/)
&irections '(.+*/,: Stdy the following information
and answer the gi8en 6estion.
(RBI O%i#er Exam 2011)
In a certain way@ IP9ECECTK is related to ICEEP9TK@
IPD-!EK is related to IED!PK and IHI!K is related to
I!HK.
(.+ 7ollowing the same pattern@ IE9%-!ISE&K will
"e related to
'), -&E%EI9S
'., -&E%IES9
'+, -&E%IE9S
'/, -&E%=E9S
'5, Cannot "e determined
P 9 E C E C T U C E E P 9 T
P D - ! E U E D ! P
H I ! U ! H
In e8ery word@ the middle element is dropped and rest
of the alpha"ets are arranged in alpha"etical order.
E 9 % - ! I S E & U - & E % I E 9 S
(./ 7ollowing the same pattern@ I&IST-!CEK will "e
related to
'), -C&EI!ST
'., -C&EI!S
'+, -C&I!ST
'/, -C&!STI
'5, Cannot "e determined
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
7ollowing the same pattern@ &IST-!CE cannot "e
Coding &ecoding
./ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
related as it contains e8en nm"er of alpha"ets while others contain
odd nm"er of alpha"ets. Therefore@ there is no
middle letter in the gi8en word &IST-!CE.
(.5 In a certain code@ IPD-!TK is written as IQV.TWK and IGIED&K is
written as IX0/VRK. <ow is I&ED-GK written
in that code: (&nd'ra Bank PO Exam 2011)
), X/T.R
'., X/V.R
'+, R/.VX
'/, R/V.X
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
P D - ! T G I E &
Q V . T W X 0 / R
Y & E D - G Z R / V .X
Coding &ecoding
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning .5
(.) In a certain code@ -PPDE is written as =PPD&
and CE-T is written as &E -S@ then how will "e
<E-9T written in that code:
'), %E-9S
'., IE-9S
'+, <E-ST
'/, T9EE<
'5, !one of these
(.. In a certain code langage@ ST9-I! is written
as BHT&?(. <ow will "e PD-CES written in
that code:
'), 9EC7%$
'., 9!&7%$
'+, 9E&E%$
'/, 9EC7<$
'5, !one of these
(.+ In a certain code langage@ -!TICIP-TIE!
is written as ICIT!-!EIT-P. <ow will "e
P9E&BCTI$ITG written in that code:
'), CB&E9PGTI$IT
'., CB&E9PGTIBIT
'+, CB&EP9GTI$IT
'/, CB&E9PTGIBIT
'5, !one of these
(./ In a certain code@ if DEB& is written as C(S7@
then which of the following English words will
"e coded as P?(%:
'), 9ISE
'., 9EPE
'+, 9E-&
'/, 9ICE
'5, 9EDE
(.5 In a certain code langage@ TE>PE9-D is
written as ED&S>=SP@ how is CE!SI&E9
written in that code langage:
'), 9>!=S7EC
'., =!>9S7EC
'+, 9>!=CE7S
'/, TEP&(&C<
'5, !one of these
(.0 Ina certain code langage@ S<EBD&E9 is
written as $PIT(&C?@ how is >E9!I!%S
written in that code:
'), ESP!97><
'., !PSE97><
'+, ESP!<7>9
'/, ESP!S7E>
'5, !one of these
(.1 In a certain code langage@ Ino more foodK is
written as Ita ka daK and Imore than thatK is
written as Isa pa kaK. <ow is that written in
IthatK code:
'), sa
'., ka
'+, sa or pa
'/, &ata inade6ate
'5, !one of these
(.2 In certain code langage@ Ihow many goals
scored@ is written as I5+31K@ Imany more
matchesK is written as I32.K and Ihe
scored f8eK is written as I)0+.K <ow is IgoalsK is
written in that code:
'), 5
'., 1 or 5
'+, 1
'/, &ata inade6ate
'5, !one of these
(.3 In a certain code langage@ SED&IE9 is written
as C7SC9!?@ then how is %E!IEBS written in
that code:
'), P$T<<7E
'., PBT<7&>
'+, P$T<>&7
'/, T$P<7&>
'5, !one of these
(.)4 In a certain code@ CE!(BE9 is written as
>!=9(&T. <ow is STE->E9 written in that
code:
'), &9S=(&D
'., &S9=D&(
'+, &S9F(&D
Practice Set 'Coding &ecoding,
Coding &ecoding
.0 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'/, &S9=(&D
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.!os.))*)5, Stdy the following information to answer
the gi8en 6estions.
In a certain code Icolors of the skyK is written as Iki fa soK@ Irain"ow
colorsK is written as Iro kiK and Isky high rocketK
is written as Ila pe LoK and Ithe rocket worldK is written as Ipe so neK.
(.)) Hhich of the following is the code for Icolors sky highK:
'), ro Lo la
'., fa la Lo
'+, la ki so
'/, i Lo la
'5, fa ki Lo
(.). Hhich of the following will[may represent ItheK:
'), Enly IfaK
'., Either IfaK or IlaK
'+, Enly IsoK
'/, Enly IlaK
'5, Either IsoK or IfaK
(.)+ Hhat does IpeK represent in the code:
'), colors
'., sky
'+, high
'/, rain"ow
'5, rocket
(.)/ <ow canK colors of the skyK "e written in this codes:
'), fa la t ki
'., fa so pe la
'+, Lo fa ro la
'/, ki la fa so
'5, ki la fa t
(.)5 Hhich of the following is the code for IhighK:
'), Enly IlaK
'., Enly ILoK
'+, Either IlaK of ILoK
'/, Enly IroK
'5, !one of these
Coding &ecoding
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning .1
) '.,
. '),
+ '),
/ '),
5 '),
0 '),
1 '+,
2 '.,
3 '5,
)4 '/,
)) '/,
). '+,
)+ '5,
)/ '/,
)5 '.,
Coding &ecoding Practice Set * '-nswers,
Coding &ecoding
.2 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Syllogism
Chapter: Syllogism
Syllogism is mode of thinking in which one reasons from two
statements or propositions@ called premises to a third
statement or a propositions called the conclsion. - premise is a
statement that ser8es as the "asis of the argment.
Det s see some statements to ela"orate the concept.
). -ll stars twinkle
In this statement all the stars are twinkles@ hence they shold come
nder twinkles. So the representation will "e
as follows:
S M Stars@ T M Twinkle
.. Some stars twinkle.
-s in this statement only some stars are twinkles@ there shold "e
two intersecting circles. So the representation
will "e as follows:
The shaded area represents the stars that twinkle. S M Stars@ T M
Twinkle
+. !o stars twinkle
-s no stars twinkle@ hence these two are independent of each other.
So the representation will "e as follows:
S M Stars@ T M Twinkle
/. Enly stars twinkle
In this case only stars twinkle@ twinkle will come nder stars.
!othing else can twinkle so twinkle will not ha8e
anything except starts intersecting with it. So the representation will
"e as follows:
S M Stars@ T M Twinkle
Det s now see some examples to nderstand this "etter.
Example '), Statements:
). -ll trees are green.
.. =anyan is a tree.
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning .3
Syllogism
Soltion: He will get the following diagrams from the a"o8e two
statements.
= M =anyan@ T M Tree@ % M %reen@
-s seen from the diagram@ if all trees are green and =anyan is a tree.
=anyan is inclded in the set of
%reens and mst "e %reen as well.
Example '., Statements:
). some professors are serios peoples.
.. -ll serios people wear spectacles.
Soltion: He will get the following diagrams from the a"o8e two
statements.
Therefore some professors wear spectacles. <ere the shaded area
represents those professors who wear
spectacles
Example '+, Statements:
). -ll dogs "ark.
.. Tommy "arks
Soltion: <ere@ Tommy is another element in the set of "arking
things and may not "e a dog. The diagrammatic
representation wold "e as follows:
<owe8er@ here we cannot conclde that Tommy is a dog. -ll we can
conclde is that Tommy may or may
not "e a dog.
Example '/, Statements I : -ll tomatoes are red.
Statements II : -ll grapes are tomatoes.
Conclsion I : -ll grapes are red.
Conclsion II : Some tomatoes are grapes.
Soltion: The statements will gi8e the following diagram:
Hhen all tomatoes are red and all grapes are tomatoes@ then all
grapes are also red. Hhen all grapes are
tomatoes@ then some tomatoes mst "e grapes. Therefore@ "oth
conclsions I and II are correct.
Example '5, Statements I : -ll ri8ers are montains.
Statements II : Some ri8ers are deserts.
+4 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Conclsion I : Some montains are deserts.
Conclsion II : Some deserts are not montains.
Soltion: The statements will gi8e the following diagram:
or
Hhen all ri8ers are montains and some ri8ers are deserts@ then
some deserts may or may not "e
montains. Therefore@ only conclsion I follow.
Syllogism
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning +)
Sol8ed Examples 'Syllogism,
&irections '(.)*1,
In each grop of 6estions "elow are gi8en two[three
statements followed "y two conclsions nm"ered
I and II. Go ha8e to take the gi8en statements to
"e tre e8en if they seem to "e at 8ariance with
commonly known facts and then decide which of the
gi8en conclsions logically follows from the two[three
statements@ disregarding commonly known facts. %i8e
answer
). if only conclsion I follows.
.. if only conclsion II follows.
+. if either conclsion I or conclsion II follows.
/. if neither conclsion I nor conclsion II follows.
5. if "oth conclsion I and conclsion II follow.
(.) Statements:
Some exams are tests.
!o exam is a 6estion.
Conclsions:
I. !o 6estion is a test.
II. Some tests are defnitely not exams.
-nswer: '/,
Soltion: 9efer the diagram "elow
(.. Statements:
-ll forces are energies.
-ll energies are powers.
!o power is heat.
Conclsions:
I. Some forces are defnitely not powers.
II. !o heat is force.
-nswer: '.,
(.+ Statements:
-ll forces are energies.
-ll energies are powers.
!o power is heat.
Conclsions:
I. !o energy is heat.
II. Some forces "eing heat is a possi"ility.
-nswer: '),
Soltion: 9efer the diagram "elow
(./ Statements:
!o note is a coin.
Some coins are metals.
-ll plastics are notes.
Conclsions:
I. !o coin is plastic.
II. -ll plastics "eing metals is a possi"ility.
-nswer: '5,
(.5 Statements:
!o note is a coin.
Some coins are metals.
-ll plastics are notes.
Conclsions:
I. !o metal is plastic.
II. -ll notes are plastics.
-nswer: '/,
Soltion: (estions /*5 -ccording to the
statements@ 8enn*diagram is
(.0 Statements:
Some sym"ols are fgres.
-ll sym"ols are graphics.
!o graphic is a pictre.
Conclsions:
I. Some graphics are fgres.
Syllogism
+. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
II. !o sym"ol is a pictre.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion: 9efer the diagram "elow
(.1 Statements:
-ll 8acancies are Lo"s.
Some Lo"s are occpations.
Conclsions:
I. -ll 8acancies are occpations.
II. -ll occpations "eing 8acancies is a possi"ility.
-nswer: '.,
Soltion: 9efer the diagram "elow
&irections '(.2*).,
In each 6estion "elow are gi8en two[three statements
followed "y two conclsions nm"ered I and II. Go
ha8e to take the gi8en statements to "e tre e8en if
they seem to "e at 8ariance with commonly known
facts and then decide which of the gi8en conclsions
logically follows from the gi8en statements disregarding
commonly known facts. %i8e answer
). if only conclsion I follows.
.. if only conclsion II follows.
+. if either conclsion I or conclsion II follows.
/. if neither conclsion I nor conclsion II follows.
5. if "oth conclsion I and conclsion II follow.
(.2 Statements:
-ll gliders are parachtes.
!o parachte is an airplane.
-ll airplanes are helicopters.
Conclsions:
I. !o helicopter is a glider.
II. -ll parachtes "eing helicopters is a possi"ility.
-nswer: '.,
(.3 Statements:
-ll gliders are parachtes.
!o parachte is an airplane.
-ll airplanes are helicopters.
Conclsions:
I. !o glider is an airplane.
II. -ll gliders "eing helicopters is a possi"ility.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion: (estions 2*3 9efer the diagram "elow
'a,
'",
2. Enly II follows.
3. =oth I \ II follows.
(.)4 Statements:
Some mails are chats.
-ll pdates are chats.
Conclsions:
I. -ll mails "eing pdates is a possi"ility.
II. !o pdate is a mail.
-nswer: '),
Soltion: 9efer the diagram "elow
'a,
'",
'c,
Syllogism
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ++
Enly I follows.
(.)) Statements:
!o stone is metal.
Some metals are papers.
-ll papers are glass.
Conclsions:
I. !o glass is metal.
II. -t least some glasses are metals.
-nswer: '.,
(.). Statements:
!o stone is metal.
Some metals are papers.
-ll papers are glass.
Conclsions:
I. -ll stones "eing glass is a possi"ility.
II. !o stone is paper.
-nswer: '),
Soltion: (estions ))*). 9efer the diagram "elow
'a,
'",
'c,
)). Enly II follows.
).. Enly I follows.
Syllogism
+/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
&irections '(.)*2,
In each 6estion "elow are two[ three statements
followed "y two conclsions nm"ered I and II. Go
ha8e to take the gi8en statements to "e tre e8en if
they seem to "e at 8ariance with commonly known
facts and then decide which of the gi8en conclsions@
logically follows from the gi8en statements disregarding
commonly known facts. %i8e answer
). If only conclsion I follows.
.. If only conclsion II follows.
+. If either conclsion I or conclsion II follows.
/. If neither conclsion I nor conclsion II follows.
5. If "oth conclsion I and conclsion II follow.
(.) Statements:
-ll "ildings are hoses.
!o hose is an apartment.
-ll apartments are ]ats.
Conclsions:
I. !o ]at is a hose.
II. !o "ilding is an apartment.
(.. Statements:
-ll "ildings are hoses.
!o hose is an apartment.
-ll apartments are ]ats.
Conclsions:
I. -ll "ildings "eing ]ats is a possi"ility.
II. -ll apartments "eing "ilding is a possi"ility.
(.+ Statements:
Some oceans are seas.
-ll oceans are ri8ers.
!o ri8er is a canal.
Conclsions:
I. -ll ri8ers can ne8er "e oceans.
II. -ll canals "eing oceans is a possi"ility.
(./ Statements:
Some oceans are seas.
-ll oceans are ri8ers.
!o ri8er is a canal.
Conclsions:
I. !o ocean is a canal.
II. -t least some seas are ri8ers.
(.5 Statement:
!o day is night.
-ll nights are noon.
!o noon is an e8ening.
Conclsions:
I. !o day is noon.
II. !o day is an e8ening.
(.0 Statement:
!o day is night.
-ll nights are noon.
!o noon is an e8ening.
Conclsions:
I. !o e8enings are nights.
II. -ll days "eing noon is a possi"ility.
(.1 Statements:
Some papers are "oards.
!o "oard is a card.
Conclsions:
I. !o card is a paper.
II. Some papers are cards.
(.2 Statements:
Some papers are "oards.
!o "oard is a card.
Conclsions:
I. -ll cards "eing papers is a possi"ility.
II. -ll "oards "eing papers is a possi"ility.
&irections '(.3 * )+,
In each 6estion "elow are three statements followed
"y two conclsions nm"ered I and II. Go ha8e to take
the three gi8en statements to "e tre e8en if they seem
to "e at 8ariance with commonly known facts and then
decide which of the gi8en conclsions logically follows
from the three statements disregarding commonly
known facts.
%i8e answer '), if only conclsion I follows.
Practice Set * ) 'Syllogism,
Syllogism
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning +5
%i8e answer '., if only conclsion II follows.
%i8e answer '+, if either conclsion I or conclsion II
follows.
%i8e answer '/, if neither conclsion I nor conclsion
II follows.
%i8e answer '5, if "oth conclsion I and conclsion II
follow.
(.3 Statements:
-ll keys are locks.
!o lock is a door.
-ll doors are windows.
Conclsions:
I. !o key is a door.
II. Some windows are locks.
(.)4 Statements:
-ll districts are cities.
-ll states are cities.
Some cities are contries.
Conclsions:
I. Some states are districts.
II. Some contries are states.
(.)) Statements:
-ll "ooks are pages.
-ll li"raries are "ooks.
-ll words are pages.
Conclsions:
I. -ll words are "ooks.
II. -ll li"raries are pages.
(.). Statements:
-ll ships are aeroplanes.
-ll trcks are ships.
-ll cars are trcks.
Conclsions:
I. Some ships are not cars.
II. -ll cars are aeroplanes.
(.)+ Statements:
Some clods are ashes.
Some ashes are particles.
-ll particles are elements.
Conclsions:
I. !o particle is a clod.
II. Some elements are ashes.
&irections '(.)/*.+,
In each 6estion "elow are either two or three
statements followed "y two conclsions I and II. Go
ha8e to take the two or three gi8en statements to "e
tre and then decide which of the gi8en conclsions
logically follows from the two[three gi8en statements@
disregarding the commonly known facts. %i8e answer
). If only conclsion I follows.
.. If only conclsion II follows.
+. If either conclsion I or II follows.
/. If neither conclsion I nor II follows.
5. If "oth conclsions I and II follows.
(.)/ Statements:
!o ta"le is wood.
Some woods are chairs.
-ll chairs are stones.
Conclsions:
I. !o stone is ta"le.
II. Some stones are woods.
(.)5 Statements:
-ll letters are "lack.
-ll "lack are "le.
!o "le is green.
Conclsions:
I. !o letter is green.
II. >ost "le are "lack.
(.)0 Statements:
Some frits are mangoes.
Some mangoes are red.
-ll red are 8egeta"les.
Conclsions:
I. !o frit is red.
II. Some frits are red.
(.)1 Statements:
Some eyes are ears.
Some ears are hands.
Conclsions:
I. !o hand is an eye.
II. Some eyes are hands.
(.)2 Statements:
Some "ooks are pens.
Some pens are pencils.
Some pencils are "ttons.
Conclsions:
I. Some "ttons are pens.
II. Some pencils are "ooks.
(.)3 Statements:
Some caps aye shirts.
Syllogism
+0 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
-ll shirts are papers.
Conclsions:
I. -ll shirts which are caps are papers.
II. Some shirts are caps.
(..4 Statements:
)4R shoes are chappals.
5R chappals are papers.
33R papers are pens.
Conclsions:
I. Some shoes are papers.
II. Seine shoes are pens.
(..) Statements:
-ll - are F.
-ll F are A.
-ll G are -.
Conclsions:
I. -ll - are G.
II. -ll G are A.
(... Statements:
Some water is cold.
!o cold is milk.
Some milk is water.
Conclsions:
I. Some water that is cold is milk.
II. Some milk that is water is cold.
(..+ Statements:
Some waste is white.
Some white is water.
Some water is waste.
Conclsions:
I. Some waste which is white is water.
II. Some water is neither waste nor white.
Syllogism
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning +1
&irections '(.)*5,:
In each of the 6estion*sets "elow are two[three
statements followed "y two conclsions nm"ered
I and II. Go ha8e to take the gi8en statements to "e
tre e8en if they seem to "e at 8ariance with commonly
known facts and then decide which of the gi8en
conclsions logically follows from the gi8en statements@
disregarding commonly known facts. %i8e answer
). if only conclsion I follows.
.. if only conclsion II follows.
+. if either conclsion r or conclsion Il follows.
/. if neither conclsion I nor conclsion II follows.
5. if "oth conclsion I and conclsion It follow.
(.) Statements:
-ll stars are "ottles.
Some "ottles are papers.
!o paper is a calendar.
Conclsions:
I. -ll stars "eing papers is a possi"ility.
II. !o calendar is a "ottle.
(.. Statements:
-ll stars are "ottles.
Some "ottles are papers.
!o paper is a calendar.
Conclsions:
I. -ll calendars "eing stars is a possi"ility.
II. -t least some "ottles are stars.
(.+ Statements:
-ll stars are "ottles.
Some "ottles are papers.
!o paper is a calendar.
Conclsions:
I. -t least some calendars are "ottles.
II. !o calendar is a star.
(./ Statements:
Some pencils are "lankets.
-ll "lankets are erasers.
Conclsions:
I. -t least some pencils are erasers.
II. -ll erasers "eing pencils is a possi"ility.
(.5 Statements:
Some pencils are "lankets.
-ll "lankets are erasers.
Conclsions:
I. !o eraser is a pencil.
II. -ll "lankets "eing pencils is a possi"ility.
&irections '(.0*)),
In each 6estion "elow are gi8en two[three statements
followed "y two conclsions nm"ered I and II. Go
ha8e to take the gi8en statements to "e tre e8en if
they seem to "e at 8ariance with commonly known
facts. 9ead all the conclsions and then decide which
of the gi8en conclsions logically follows from the gi8en
statements@ disregarding commonly known facts. %i8e
answer
). if only conclsion I follows.
.. if only conclsion II follows.
+. if either conclsion I or conclsion II follows.
/. if neither conclsion I nor conclsion II follows.
5. if "oth conclsion I and conclsion II follow.
(.0 Statements:
-ll rings are circles.
-ll s6ares are rings.
!o ellipse is a circle.
Conclsions:
I. Some rings "eing ellipses is a possi"ility.
II. -t least some circles are s6ares.
(.1 Statements:
!o hose is an apartment.
Some "ngalows are apartments.
Conclsions:
I. !o hose is a "ngalow.
II. -ll "ngalows are hoses.
(.2 Statements:
Some gases are li6ids.
-ll li6ids are water.
Conclsions:
I. -ll gases "eing water is a possi"ility.
II. -ll sch gases which are not water can ne8er
"e li6ids.
Practice Set * . 'Syllogism,
Syllogism
+2 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
(.3 Statements:
-ll mintes are seconds.
-ll seconds are hors.
!o second is a day.
Conclsions:
I. !o day is an hor.
II. -t least some hors are mintes.
(.)4 Statements:
Some teachers are professors.
Some lectrers are teachers.
Conclsions:
I. -ll teachers as well as professors "eing
lectrers is a possi"ility.
II. -ll those teachers who are lectrers are also
professors.
(.)) Statements:
Some teachers are professors.
Some lectrers are teachers.
Conclsions:
I. !o professor is a lectrer.
II. -ll lectrers "eing professors is a possi"ility.
&irections '(.).*)1,
In each 6estion "elow are gi8en two[three statements
followed "y two conclsions nm"ered I and II. Go
ha8e to take the two[three gi8en statements to "e tre
e8en if they seem to "e at 8ariance with commonly
known facts and then decide which of the gi8en
conclsions logically follows from the gi8en statements
disregarding commonly known facts.
). if only conclsion I follows.
.. if only conclsion II follows.
+. if either conclsion I or conclsion II follows.
/. if neither conclsion I nor conclsion II follows.
5. if "oth conclsions I and II follow.
(.). Statements:
Some colors are paints.
-ll colors are 8arnishes.
!o 8arnish is a dye.
Conclsions:
I. !o paint is a dye.
II. -ll paints "eing 8arnishes is a possi"ility.
(.)+ Statements:
Some colors are paints.
-ll colors are 8arnishes.
!o 8arnish is a dye.
Conclsions:
I. Some 8arnishes are paints.
II. !o dye is a color.
(.)/ Statements:
-ll s6ares are triangles.
!o triangle is a circle.
-ll circles are rectangles.
Conclsions:
I. !o rectangle is a s6are.
II. -ll rectangles "eing s6ares is a possi"ility.
(.)5 Statements:
-ll s6ares are triangles.
!o triangle is a circle.
-ll circles are rectangles.
Conclsions:
I. !o s6are is a circle.
II. -t least some circles are s6ares.
(.)0 Statements:
!o paper is a "ook.
Some "ooks are li"raries.
Conclsions:
I. -ll li"raries "eing "ooksK is a possi"ility.
II. !o li"rary is a paper.
(.)1 Statements:
-ll hills are montains.
-ll montains are rocks.
Conclsions:
I. -ll those rocks which are montains are also
hills.
II. -ll hills are rocks.
&irections '(.)2*./,
In each 6estion "elow are two[three statements
followed "y two conclsions nm"ered I and II. Go
ha8e to take the two[three gi8en statements to "e tre
e8en if they seem to "e at 8ariance with commonly
known facts and then decide which of the gi8en
conclsions logically follows from the gi8en statements
disregarding commonly known facts. %i8e answer
). if only conclsion I follows.
.. if only conclsion II follows.
+. if either conclsion I or conclsion II follows.
/. if neither conclsion I nor conclsion II follows.
5. if "oth conclsion I and conclsion II follow.
(.)2 Statements:
Some instittes are "anks.
-ll instittes are academies.
-ll academies are schools.
Conclsions:
I. Some instittes are not schools.
II. -ll academies "eing "anks is a possi"ility.
(.)3 Statements:
Syllogism
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning +3
Some instittes are "anks.
-ll instittes are academies.
-ll academies are schools.
Conclsions:
I. -ll "anks can ne8er "e schools.
II. -ny "ank which is an institte is a school.
(..4 Statements:
-ll energies are forces.
!o force is tor6e.
-ir tor6es are powers.
Conclsions:
I. -ll energies "eing power is a possi"ility.
II. -ll powers "eing force is a possi"ility.
(..) Statements:
-ll energies are forces.
!o force is tor6e.
-ir tor6es are powers.
Conclsions:
I. -ll those powers if they are forces are also energies.
II. !o energy is tor6e.
(... Statements:
-ll circles are s6ares.
Some s6ares are rectangles.
Conclsions:
I. -ll rectangles "eing s6ares is a possi"ility.
II. -ll circles "eing rectangles is a possi"ility.
(..+ Statements:
!o gadget is a machine.
-ll machines are compters.
Conclsions:
I. !o compter is a gadget.
II. -ll compters "eing gadgets is a possi"ility.
(../ Statements:
Some paintings are drawings.
-ll sketches are paintings.
Conclsions:
I. -ll sketches are drawings.
II. Some sketches "eing drawings is a possi"ility.
Syllogism
/4 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
) '),
. '5,
+ '/,
/ '5,
5 '.,
0 '),
1 '/,
2 '),
3 '),
)4 '),
)) '.,
). '.,
)+ '5,
)/ '/,
)5 '),
)0 '),
)1 '.,
)2 '.,
)3 '.,
.4 '),
.) '.,
.. '5,
.+ '/,
./ '.,
Syllogism Practice Set * ) '-nswers, Syllogism Practice Set * .
'-nswers,
) '.,
. '/,
+ '/,
/ '5,
5 '/,
0 '5,
1 '+,
2 '5,
3 '),
)4 '/,
)) '.,
). '.,
)+ '.,
)/ '.,
)5 '),
)0 '+,
)1 '+,
)2 '/,
)3 '5,
.4 '/,
.) '.,
.. '/,
.+ '/,
Syllogism
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning /)
&irection Sence
Chapter: &irection Sence
In these types of 6estions a sccessi8e follow 5p of di#erent
directions is formlated then a candidate is re6ired to
fnd ot the fnal direction or the distance "etween two points.
7ollowing fgre shows the for main directions and for cardinal
directions to help the candidates:
'<ere@ ! M !orth@ !E M !orth*East@ E M East@ SE M Soth*East@ S M
Soth@ SH M Soth*Hest@
H M Hest@ !H M !orth*Hest,
Example: Prakash@ 9am@ >ohan and SanLay are playing a game of
Carrom@ Prakash@ >ohan and SanLay@ 9am
are partners. SanLay is to the right of >ohan who is facing west.
Then 9am is facing
'a, East
'", Hest
'c, !orth
'd, Soth
Soltion:
This pro"lem is "ased on &irection Sense
Step I: He can represent the for directions East@ Hest@ !orth@ and
Soth in the following manner
Step II:
/. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
&irection Sence
Step III:
Ths@ 9am is facing towards north.
<ence@ option 'c, is the correct answer.
Example: If a person is going to the east of his home and trning to
his left after that trning to his right.
He can draw his path as
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning /+
Sol8ed Examples '&irection Sence,
&irections '(.),: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions.
(IBPS PO()* 2011)
- school "s dri8er starts from the school@ dri8es . km
towards !orth@ takes a left trn and dri8es for 5 km. <e
then takes a left trn and dri8es for 2 km "efore taking
a left trn again and dri8ing for frther 5 km. The dri8er
fnally takes a left trn and dri8es ) km "efore stopping.
(.) <ow far and towards which direction shold
the dri8er dri8e to reach to the school again:
'), + km towards !orth
'., 1 km towards East
'+, 0 km towards Soth
'/, 0 km towards Hest
'5, 5 km towards !orth
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
9emaining distance M 2 5 '. O ), M 5 km
<ence@ the dri8er re6ires to tra8el 5 km towards !orth
to reach the school again.
&irections '(..*+,: Stdy the following information
and answer the 6estions gi8en:
(Corporation Bank PO Exam 2011)
Sam walked 5m towards north from point - and
reached point =. <e took a right trn from point = and
walked 1m and reached point C. <e took a right trn
from point C and walked )4 m to reach point &. <e took
another right trn from point & and walked 0m to reach
point E. Sam took a right trn from point E and walked
5m to reach point 7.
(.. <ow far and in which direction is point 7 from
point -:
'), ) m towards east
'., ) m towards soth
'+, ) m towards north
'/, ) m towards west
'5, Point - coincides with point 7
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
(.+ Hhat was the total distance that Sam walked:
'), +5m
'., +2m
'+, +.m
'/, +)m
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
5 O 1 O )4 O 0 O 5 M ++m
(./ Shyam walked 0 m facing towards East@ then
took a right trn and walked a distance of 3 m.
<e then took a left trn and walked a distance
of 0 m. <ow far is he from the starting point:
(&nd'ra Bank PO Exam 2011)
'), )5 m
'., .) m
&irection Sence
// I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'+, )2 m
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
Det Shyam start from - and tra8el to & 8ia = and C. He ha8e to fnd
ot the distance -& which is e6al to
^').,. O '3,. M )5
(.)4 Town & is )+ km towards the East of town -. - "s starts from
town -@ tra8els 2 km towards Hest and
takes a right trn. -fter talking the right trn@ it tra8els 5 km and
reached town =. 7rom town = the "s
takes a right trn again@ tra8els .) km and stops. <ow far and
towards which direction mst the "s
tra8el to reach town &:
(S+ndi#ate bank 2010)
'), )+ km towards Soth
'., 5 km towards Hest
'+, .) km towards Soth
'/, 5 km towards Soth
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
He ha8e to fnd ot C to &.
&irection Sence
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning /5
(.) %oing 54 m to the Soth of her hose. 9adhika
trns left and goes another .4 m. Then@
trning to the !orth. She goes +4 m and then
starts walking to her hose. In which direction
is she facing now:
'), !orth
'., !orth*Hest
'+, Soth
'/, Soth*East
'5, East
(.. -mit walked +4 m towards East@ took a right
trn and walked /4 m. Then@ he took a left trn
and walked +4 m. In which direction is he now
from the starting point:
'), !orth*East
'., East
'+, Soth*East
'/, Soth
'5, !one of these
(.+ - ri8er ]ows Hest to East and on the way trns
left and goes in a semi*circle rond a hillock
and then trns left at right angles. In which
direction is the ri8er fnally ]owing:
'), East
'., Hest
'+, !orth
'/, Soth
'5, !one of these
(./ -nkit started walking towards !orth. -fter
walking +4 m@ he trned towards left and
walked /4 m. <e then trned left and walked
+4 m. <e again trned left and walked 54 m.
<ow far is he from his original position:
'), 54 m
'., /4 m
'+, +4 m
'/, .4 m
'5, !one of these
(.5 - walks )4 m in front and )4 m to the right.
Then e8ery time trning to his left@ he walks 5@
)5 and )5 m respecti8ely. <ow far is he now
from his starting point:
'), 5 m
'., )4 m
'+, )5 m
'/, .4 m
'5, .+ m
(.0 H walked /4 m towards Hest@ took a left trn
and walked +4 m. Then@ he took a right trn
and walked .4 m. <e again took a right trn
and walked +4 m. <ow far was he from the
starting point:
'), 14 m
'., 04 m
'+, 34 m
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
(.1 -shok started walking towards Soth. -fter
walking 54 m he took a right trn and walked
+4 m. Then@ he took a right trn and walked
)44 m. <e again took a right trn and walked
+4 m and stopped. <ow far and in which
direction was he from the staring point:
'), 54 m Soth
'., )54 m !orth
'+, )24 m East
'/, 54 m !orth
'5, !one of these
(.2 9ama tra8els a distance of 5 km from a place
- towards !orth@ trns left and walks + km
again trns right and walks . km. 7inally trns
right and walks + km to reach the place =.
Hhat is the distance "etween - and =:
'), 1 km
'., )+ km
'+, . km
'/, )4 km
'5, !one of these
(.3 >ohan walked +4 m towards Soth@ took a left
trn and walked )5 m. <e then look a right
trn and walked .4 m. <e again took a right
trn and walked )5 m. <ow far is he from the
Practice Set '&irection Sence,
&irection Sence
/0 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
starting point:
'), 35 m
'., 54 m
'+, 14 m
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
(.)4 7acing towards Soth@ 9am started walking and trned left
after walking +4 m@ he walked .5 m and
trned left and walked +4 m. <ow far is he from his starting position
and in which direction:
'), -t the starting point only
'., .5 m Hest
'+, .5 m East
'/, +4 m East
'5, !one of these
&irection Sence
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning /1
) '.,
. '+,
+ '),
/ '5,
5 '),
0 '.,
1 '/,
2 '),
3 '.,
)4 '.,
&irection Sence Practice Set * '-nswers,
&irection Sence
/2 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Inpt * Etpt
Chapter: Inpt * Etpt
These are the pro"lems that test yor aptitde. Go will "e gi8en
some inpt and a machine 'its working, sing some
examples. Go ha8e to stdy this working and accordingly process
the data gi8en to yo.
In the 6estions related to this topic@ yo are expected to "e the
_machine`. Go wold "e told what processing has to
"e done. Go wold "e gi8en the inpt@ yor Lo" wold "e gi8e the
otpt in accordance to the inpt.
In the topic of inpt otpt there are primarily for types of
operation that can "e asked in a particlar 6estion. The
for operations are as follows:
). Erdering inpt according to gi8en criteria@ e.g. alpha"etically@ in
increasing[decreasing order etc.
.. >athematical >aniplations on the otpt which wold in this
case o"8iosly "e nmerical. The operations
cold "e do"ling@ s6aring@ adding.
+. Shifting or Interchanging positions of characters[alpha"ets[words
etc.@ in the inpt according to 6estions e.g.
Ishift )st character to lastK or Iinterchange )st \ lastK etc.
/. Ethers like making an alpha"et capital@ replacing alpha"et "y
corresponding nm"er etc.
So@ which ot of these is "eing sed can "e decided as:
a If words 'of the inpt, do not change in the otpt after an
operation@ the operations is either reordering or shifting.
In this case check for rearrangement frst@ if it is not the operations
performed then check for shifting next.
a If words 'of the inpt, do change in the otpt@ the operation is
either >athematical 'if nm"ers are sed, or fall
into category of other operations 'if alphanmeric data is sed,.
Example '), - compter rearranges a particlar inpt sing some
operations 4)@ 4.@ 4+@ and 4/.
Inpt: I ha8e long waited for yor arri8al.
Step 4): arri8al long ha8e waited for yor I
Step 4.: long arri8al waited ha8e for I yor
Step 4+: Gor waited arri8al ha8e for I long
Step 4/: Haited yor ha8e arri8al for long I
If step / gi8es _I know yo will not come "ack` what step will ha8e
_yo "ack I come not will know`:
Soltion:
Since words remain nchanged here@ so this is case of either
rearrangement or shifting. So@ let s nm"er
each word
I M )@ ha8e M .@ long M +@ waited M /@ for M 5@ yor M 0@ arri8al M 1
Inpt: ) . + / 5 0 1
Step 4): 1 + . / 5 0 )
Step 4.: + 1 / . 5 ) 0
Step 4+: 0 / 1 . 5 ) +
Step 4/: / 0 . 1 5 + )
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning /3
Inpt * Etpt
So@ the logic "eing following is as follows:*
Step 4) M Swap )st \ lastN .nd \ +rd
Step 4. M Swap )st \ .nd@ last two \ +rd and /th
Step 4+ M Swap )st \ last@ .nd \ +rd.
Step 4/ M )st \ .nd@ last two@ \ +rd and /th.
Since after two steps operations again repeat and hence yo can
gess the 5th@ 0th@ 1th steps.
Step 4/: I know yo will not come "ack
Step 45: "ack yo know will not come I
Step 40: Go "ack will know not I come
Step 41: Come will "ack know not I yo
Step 42: Hill come know "ack not yo I
Step 43: I know come "ack not yo will
Step )4: ?now I "ack come not will yo
Step )): Go "ack I come not will know
<ence step )) is the answer.
Example '., -nswer the 6estion on "asis of the information gi8en
"elow.
Inpt: +0@ .2@ )0@ 54@ /5@ .)@ 14@ +.
Step I: 14@ +0@ .2@ )0@ 54@ /5@ .)@ +.
Step II: 14@ 54@ +0@ .2@ )0@ /5@ .)@ +.
Step III: 14@ 54@ /5@ +0@ .2@ )0@ .)@ +.
Step I$: 14@ 54@ /5@ +0@ +.@ .2@ )0@ .)
Step $: 14@ 54@ /5@ +0@ +.@ .2@ .)@ )0
'I, If inpt is 1)@ 23@ 5+@ +.@ .4N how many steps wold machine
take:
'a, /
'", 1
'c, 5
'd, either 1 or 5
'II, If inpt is )4.@ 1.@ +.@ /2@ ))4N which wold "e the last step:
'a, ))4@ )4.@ 1.@ /2@ +.
'", +.@ /2@ 1.@ )4.@ ))4
'c, Cannot say
'd, !one of these
Soltion:
It is o"8ios that machine arranges the nm"er descending order:
'I, Since we ha8e 5 nm"ers@ reordering them wold re6ire / steps@
so machine wold take / steps to
complete. -nswer is 'a,
'II, Since descending order is re6ired@ 'a, is the o"8ios choice.
54 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Sol8ed Examples 'Inpt * Etpt,
&irections '(.)*/,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions:
- word and nm"er arrangement machine when gi8en
an inpt line of words and nm"ers rearranges them
following a particlar rle in each step. The following
is an illstration of inpt and rearrangement. '-ll the
nm"ers are two*digit nm"ers.,
(IBPS C,E PO()* 2012)
Inpt: tall /2 )+ rise alt 33 10 +. wise Lar high .2
50 "arn
Step I: )+ tall /2 rise 33 10 +. wise Lar high .2 50
"am alt
Step II: .2 )+ tall /2 rise 33 10 +. wise Lar high 50
alt "arn
Step III: +. .2 )+ tall /2 rise 33 10 wise Lar 50 alt
"arn high
Step I$: /2 +. .2 )+ tall rise 33 10 wise 50 alt "arn
high Lar
Step $: 50 /2 +. .2 )+ tall 33 10 wise alt "arn high
Lar rise
Step $I: 10 50 /2 +. .2 )+ 33 wise alt "arn high Lar
rise tall
Step $II: 33 10 50 /2 +. .2 )+ alt "arn high Lar rise
tall wise -nd Step $II is the last step of the
a"o8e inpt@ as the desired arrangement is
o"tained.
&s per t'e ru!es "o!!o-ed in t'e above steps. /nd out
in ea#' o" t'e "o!!o-in0 1uestions t'e appropriate
step "or t'e 0iven input2
Inpt: 2/ why sit )/ +. not "est ink feet 5) .1 8ain 02
3. '-ll the nm"ers are two*digit nm"ers.,
(.) Hhich step nm"er is the following otpt:
+. .1 )/ 2/ why sit not 5) 8ain 3. 02 feet "est ink
'), Step $
'., Step $I
'+, Step I$
'/, Step III
'5, There is no sch step.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
The machine rearranges words and nm"ers in sch a
way that nm"ers are arranged from left side with the
smallest nm"er coming frst and mo8e s"se6ently
so that in the last step nm"ers arearranged in
descending order. Hhile the words are arranged from
right side as they appear in English alpha"etical order.
Inpt: 2/ why sit )/ +. not "est ink feet 5) .1 8ain
02 3.
Step I: )/ 2/ why sit +. not ink feet 5) .1 8ain 02
3. "est
Step II: .1 )/ 2/ why sit +. not ink 5) 8ain 02 3.
"est feet
Step III: +. .1 )/ 2/ whys it not 5) 8ain 02 3. "est
feet ink
Step I$: 5) +. .1 )/ 2/ why sit 8ain 02 3. "est feet
ink not
Step $: 02 5) +. .1 )/ 2/ why 8ain 3. "est feet ink
not sit
Step $I: 2/ 02 5) +. .1 )/ why 3. "est feet ink not
sit 8ain
Step $II: 3. 02 2/ 5) +. .1 )/ "est feet ink not sit
8ain why
(.. Hhich word[nm"er wold "e at 5th position
from the right in Step $:
'), )/
'., 3.
'+, "est
'/, why
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
The machine rearranges words and nm"ers in sch a
way that nm"ers are arranged from left side with the
smallest nm"er coming frst and mo8e s"se6ently
so that in the last step nm"ers are arranged in
descending order. Hhile the words are arranged from
right side as they appear in English alpha"etical order.
Inpt: 2/ why sit )/ +. not "est ink feet 5) .1 8ain
02 3.
Step I: )/ 2/ why sit +. not ink feet 5) .1 8ain 02
3. "est
Step II: .1 )/ 2/ why sit +. not ink 5) 8ain 02 3.
"est feet
Inpt * Etpt
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 5)
Step III: +. .1 )/ 2/ whys it not 5) 8ain 02 3. "est
feet ink
Step I$: 5) +. .1 )/ 2/ why sit 8ain 02 3. "est feet
ink not
Step $: 02 5) +. .1 )/ 2/ why 8ain 3. "est feet ink
not sit
Step $I: 2/ 02 5) +. .1 )/ why 3. "est feet ink not
sit 8ain
Step $II: 3. 02 2/ 5) +. .1 )/ "est feet ink not sit
8ain why
(.+ <ow many elements 'words or nm"ers, are
there "etween IfeetK and I+.K as they appear in
the last step of the otpt:
'), Ene
'., Three
'+, 7i8e
'/, Se8en
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
The machine rearranges words and nm"ers in sch a
way that nm"ers are arranged from left side with the
smallest nm"er coming frst and mo8e s"se6ently
so that in the last step nm"ers are arranged in
descending order. Hhile the words are arranged from
right side as they appear in English alpha"etical order.
Inpt: 2/ why sit )/ +. not "est ink feet 5) .1 8ain
02 3.
Step I: )/ 2/ why sit +. not ink feet 5) .1 8ain 02
3. "est
Step II: .1 )/ 2/ why sit +. not ink 5) 8ain 02 3.
"est feet
Step III: +. .1 )/ 2/ whys it not 5) 8ain 02 3. "est
feet ink
Step I$: 5) +. .1 )/ 2/ why sit 8ain 02 3. "est feet
ink not
Step $: 02 5) +. .1 )/ 2/ why 8ain 3. "est feet ink
not sit
Step $I: 2/ 02 5) +. .1 )/ why 3. "est feet ink not
sit 8ain
Step $II: 3. 02 2/ 5) +. .1 )/ "est feet ink not sit
8ain why
-s mentioned in step $II@ there are three words .1
)/@ "est "etween IfeetK and I+.K
(./ Hhich of the following represents the position
of@ IwhyK in the forth step:
'), Eighth from the left
'., 7ifth from the right
'+, Sixth from the left
'/, 7ifth from the left
'5, Se8enth from the left
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
The machine rearranges words and nm"ers in sch a
way that nm"ers are arranged from left side with the
smallest nm"er coming frst and mo8e s"se6ently
so that in the last step nm"ers are arranged in
descending order. Hhile the words are arranged from
right side as they appear in English alpha"etical order.
Inpt: 2/ why sit )/ +. not "est ink feet 5) .1 8ain
02 3.
Step I: )/ 2/ why sit +. not ink feet 5) .1 8ain 02
3. "est
Step II: .1 )/ 2/ why sit +. not ink 5) 8ain 02 3.
"est feet
Step III: +. .1 )/ 2/ whys it not 5) 8ain 02 3. "est
feet ink
Step I$: 5) +. .1 )/ 2/ why sit 8ain 02 3. "est feet
ink not
Step $: 02 5) +. .1 )/ 2/ why 8ain 3. "est feet ink
not sit
Step $I: 2/ 02 5) +. .1 )/ why 3. "est feet ink not
sit 8ain
Step $II: 3. 02 2/ 5) +. .1 )/ "est feet ink not sit
8ain why
The position of IwhyK in forth step is sixth from the
left end.
&irections '(.5*3,: Stdy the following information
to answer the gi8en 6estions.
- word and nm"er arrangement machine when gi8en
an inpt line of words and nm"ers rearranges them
following a particlar rle. The following is an il)stration
of inpt and rearrangement. '-ll the nm"ers are twodigit
nm"ers.,
(IBPS C,E PO()* 2011)
Inpt: sine 22 1) cos theta )/ 50 gamma delta .0
Step I: cos sine 1) theta )/ 50 gamma delta .0 22
Step II: delta cos sine theta )/ 50 gamma .0 22 1)
Step III: gamma delta cos sine theta )/ .0 22 1) 50
Step I$: sine gamma delta cos theta )/ 22 1) 50 .0
Step $: theta sine gamma delta cos 22 1) 50 .0 )/
Step $ is the last step of the rearrangement.
&s per t'e ru!es "o!!o-ed in t'e above steps. /nd out
in ea#' o" t'e "o!!o-in0 1uestions t'e appropriate
steps "or t'e 0iven input2
Inpt for the 6estions:
Inpt: for 5. all 30 .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop +2 /0
Inpt * Etpt
5. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'-ll the nm"ers gi8en in the arrangement are two*digit
nm"ers.,
(.5 Hhich word[nm"er wold "e at 2th position
from the right in step I$:
'), )5
'., road
'+, ht
'/, Lam
'5, stop
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
Inpt: for 5. all 30 .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop
+2 /0
Step I: all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop +2
/0 30
Step II: "s all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0
30 1+
Step III: for "s all .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0 30
1+ 5.
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+
5. /0
Step $: Lam ht for "s all .5 road )5 stop 30 1+ 5.
/0 +2
Step $I: road Lam ht for "s all )5 stop 30 1+ 5. /0
+2 .5
Step $II: stop road Lam ht for "s all 30 1+ 5. /0 +2
.5 )5
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+
5. /0 Eighth from the right * road.
(.0 Hhich step nm"er wold "e the following
otpt:
"s all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0 30 1+
'), There will "e no sch step.
'., III
'+, II
'/, $
'5, $I
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Inpt: for 5. all 30 .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop
+2 /0
Step I: all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop +2
/0 30
Step II: "s all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0
30 1+
Step III: for "s all .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0 30
1+ 5.
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+
5. /0
Step $: Lam ht for "s all .5 road )5 stop 30 1+ 5.
/0 +2
Step $I: road Lam ht for "s all )5 stop 30 1+ 5. /0
+2 .5
Step $II: stop road Lam ht for "s all 30 1+ 5. /0 +2
.5 )5
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30
1+ 5. /0 Eighth from the right * road.
(.1 Hhich of the following wold "e step $II:
'), stop road Lam ht for "s all )5 30 1+ 5. /0 +2 .5
'., road Lam ht for "s all stop )5 .5 +2 /0 5. 1+ 30
'+, stop road Lam ht for "s all 30 1+ 5. /0 +2 .5 )5
'/, Lam ht for "s all .5 road stop )5 30 1+ 5. /0 +2
'5, There will "e no sch step.
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Inpt: for 5. all 30 .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop
+2 /0
Step I: all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop +2
/0 30
Step II: "s all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0
30 1+
Step III: for "s all .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0 30
1+ 5.
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+
5. /0
Step $: Lam ht for "s all .5 road )5 stop 30 1+ 5.
/0 +2
Step $I: road Lam ht for "s all )5 stop 30 1+ 5. /0
+2 .5
Step $II: stop road Lam ht for "s all 30 1+ 5. /0 +2
.5 )5
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+
5. /0 Eighth from the right * road.
(.2 Hhich word[nm"er wold "e at 0th position
from the left in step $:
'), .5
'., stop
'+, Lam
'/, all
'5, road
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
Inpt: for 5. all 30 .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop
+2 /0
Step I: all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop +2
/0 30
Step II: "s all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0
30 1+
Step III: for "s all .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0 30
1+ 5.
Inpt * Etpt
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 5+
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+ 5. /0
Step $: Lam ht for "s all .5 road )5 stop 30 1+ 5. /0 +2
Step $I: road Lam ht for "s all )5 stop 30 1+ 5. /0 +2 .5
Step $II: stop road Lam ht for "s all 30 1+ 5. /0 +2 .5 )5
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+ 5. /0 Eighth
from the right * road.
(.3 Hhich of the following wold "e step III:
'), ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+ 5. /0
'., for "s all .5 Lam road )5 ht +2 stop 30 /0 1+ 5.
'+, ht for "s all Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+ 5. /0 .5
'/, for "s all .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0 30 1+ 5.
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
Inpt: for 5. all 30 .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop +2 /0
Step I: all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht 1+ "s stop +2 /0 30
Step II: "s all for 5. .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0 30 1+
Step III: for "s all .5 Lam road )5 ht stop +2 /0 30 1+ 5.
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+ 5. /0
Step $: Lam ht for "s all .5 road )5 stop 30 1+ 5. /0 +2
Step $I: road Lam ht for "s all )5 stop 30 1+ 5. /0 +2 .5
Step $II: stop road Lam ht for "s all 30 1+ 5. /0 +2 .5 )5
Step I$: ht for "s all .5 Lam road )5 stop +2 30 1+ 5. /0 Eighth
from the right * road.
Inpt * Etpt
5/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
&irections '(.)*5,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions.
- word and nm"er arrangement machine when gi8en
an inpt line of words and nm"ers rearranges the in
following a particlar rle in each step. The following is
an illstration of inpt and rearrangement.
( & nd'ra Bank PO Exam 2011)
Inpt: say dry /. 30 get +3 kite 01
Step I: 30 say dry /. get +3 kite 01
Step II: 30 dry say /. get +3 kite 01
Step III: 30 dry +3 say /. get kite 01
Step I$: 30 dry +3 say 01 /. get kite
Step $: 30 dry +3 say 01 get /. kite
Step $ is the last step of the rearrangement.
3ou 'ave to ans-er t'e 1uestions b+ "o!!o-in0 t'e
same ru!es as i!!ustrated above2
(.) If the second step of an inpt is _10 from /2
sper itself 50 )2 went`@ how many more steps
will "e re6ired to complete the arrangement:
'), 7i8e
'., Six
'+, 7or
'/, Three
'5, !one of these
(.. Hhich step will "e the last step of an inpt for
which the third step is _3) go .2 mock pet /+
lead +1`:
'), Eighth
'., Se8enth
'+, Sixth
'/, 7ifth
'5, !one of these
(.+ Hhat will "e the third step if the inpt is _thirty
days from now +. 50 21 ./`:
'), 21 thirty days from now +. 50 ./
'., 21 days thirty from now +. 50 ./
'+, 21 days ./ thirty from now +. 50
'/, 21 thirty ./ days +. from now 50
'5, !one of these
(./ If the third step of an inpt is _05 daily ). tie /.
.+ foreign rgent`@ what will defnitely "e the
inpt:
'), foreign 05 tie rgent ). /. .+ daily
'., foreign 05 rgent tie /. daily .+ ).
'+, foreign 05 ). rgent tie /. daily .+
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
(.5 If the second step of an inpt is _5. at deep
follow /) )0 road +.`@ what will "e the ffth step:
'), 5. at )0 road +. deep follow /)
'., 5. at )0 road /) deep follow +.
'+, 5. at )0 road +. follow /) deep
'/, There will "e no sch step.
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.0*)4,: Stdy the following information
to answer the gi8en 6estions:
- word and nm"er arrangement machine when gi8en
an inpt line of words and nm"ers rearranges them
following a particlar rle. The following is an illstration
of inpt and rearrangement.
& ! ! a( 'abad Bank PO Exam 2011)
Inpt: sm .2 ha8e )3 30 /2 lck nice 12 rope
Step I: ha8e sm .2 )3 /2 lck nice 12 rope 30
Step II: lck ha8e sm .2 )3 /2 nice rope 30 12
Step III: nice lck ha8e sm .2 )3 rope 30 12 /2
Step I$: rope nice lck ha8e sm )3 30 12 /2 .2
Step $: sm rope nice lck ha8e 30 12 /2 .2 )3
-nd step $ is the last step of the rearrangement.
&s per t'e ru!es "o!!o-ed in t'e above steps. /nd out
in2 ea#' o" t'e "o!!o-in0 1uestions t'e appropriate
step "or t'e input 0iven be!o-4
Inpt: /3 last Jen )0 2. yet can 8ast ++ aim 21 5/
Practice Set * ) 'Inpt * Etpt,
Inpt * Etpt
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 55
(.0 <ow many steps will "e needed to complete
the arrangement:
'), I$
'., $
'+, $I
'/, $II
'5, !one of these
(.1 8ast last can aim Jen )0 yet ++ 21 2. 5/ /3
'), III
'., II
'+, $II
'/, I$
'5, There will "e no sch step
(.2 Hhich of the following wold "e step I:
'), aim /3 can Jen )0 yet 8ast ++ 5/ 21 2. last
'., 8ast last can aim Jen )0 yet ++ 21 2. 5/ /3
'+, Jen /3 last )0 2. yet can 8ast ++ aim 5/ 21
'/, aim /3 last Jen 2. yet can 8ast ++ 21 5/ )0
'5, !one of these
(.3 In step $@ which of the following words
nm"ers wold "e at 0th position from the right:
'), 21
'., )0
'+, Jen
'/, aim
(.)4 Hhich of the following wold "e the fnal
arrangement:
'), Jen yet 8ast last can aim )0 ++ /3 5/ 2. 21
'., aim can last 8ast yet Jen )0 ++ /3 5/ 2. 21
'+, aim can last 8ast yet Jen 21 2. 5/ /3 ++ )0
'/, Jen yet 8ast last can aim 21 2. 5/ /3 ++ )0
'5, !one of these
&irections '))*)0,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions:
- word and nm"er arrangement machine when gi8en
an inpt line of words and nm"ers rearranges them
following a particlar rle in each step. The following is
an illstration of inpt and rearrangement.
(S+ndi#ate Bank PO Exam 2010)
Inpt: sale data )2 .+ for 35 then +2
Step I: data sale )2 .+ for 35 then +2
Step II: data 35 sale )2 .+ for then +2
Step III: data 35 for sale )2 .+ then +2
Step I$: data 35 for +2 sale )2 .+ then
Step $: data 35 for +2 sale .+ )2 then
Step $I: data 35 for +2 sale .+ then )2 and step
$I is@ the last step of the rearrangement of
the a"o8e*inpt.
&s per t'e ru!es "o!!o-ed in t'e above steps. /nd out
in ea#' o" t'e "o!!o-in0 1uestions t'e appropriate
step "or t'e 0iven input2
(.)) Inpt: year +3 stake /1 hose fll 3/ 55
<ow many steps will "e re6ired to complete
the rearrangement:
'), 7i8e
'., Six
'+, 7or
'/, Se8en
'5, !one of these
(.). Step II of an inpt is: car 2+ lost e8er +. /0 1/
now
<ow many more steps will "e re6ired to
complete the rearrangement:
'), Three
'., 7or
'+, 7i8e
'/, Six
'5, !one of these
(.)+ Step III of an inpt is: and 13 code .1 )2 new
goal +/
Hhich of the following will defnitely "e the
inpt:
'), code and 13 .1 )2 new goal +/
'., code .1 )2 new goal +/ and 13
'+, code .1 and )2 13 new goal +/
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
(.)/ Inpt: water fll ne8er +5 12 )0 height .2
Hhich of the following steps will "e the last:
'), $I
'., $II
'+, $III
'/, IA
'5, !one of these
(.)5 Step II of an inpt is: high 03 store pay +0 /+
)5 there
Hhich of the following will "e step $I:
'), high 03 pay /+ store +0 there )5
'., high 03 pay /+ store +0 )5 there
Inpt * Etpt
50 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'+, high 03 pay +0 /+ store )5 there
'/, There will "e no sch step
'5, !one of these
(.)0 Inpt: train more .3 5+ fast gear +1 2/
Hhich of the following steps will "e the last "t one:
'), IA
'., $III
'+, $II
'/, $I
'5, !one of these
Inpt * Etpt
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 51
&irections '(.)*5,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estion.
- word and nm"er arrangement machine@ when gi8en
an inpt line of words and nm"ers@ rearranges them
following a particlar rle in each step. The following is
an illstration of inpt and rearrangement.
(IBPS C,E Spe#ia!ist O%i#ers Exam 2012)
Inpt: gone o8er +5 03 test 1. park .1
Step I: .1 gone o8er +5 03 test 1. park
Step II: .1 test gone o8er +5 03 1. park
Step III: .1 test +5 gone o8er 03 1. park
Step I$: .1 test +5 park gone o8er 03 1.
Step $: .1 test +5 park 03 gone o8er 1.
Step $I: .1 test +5 park 03 o8er gone 1.
Step $II: .1 test +5 park 03 o8er 1. gone
Step $II is the last step of the rearrangement.
&s per t'e ru!es "o!!o-ed in t'e above steps. /nd out
in ea#' o" t'e "o!!o-in0 1uestions t'e appropriate
step "or t'e 0iven input2
(.) Inpt: 20 open sht door +) /3 always /5
<ow many steps will "e re6ired to complete
the rearrangement:
'), 7i8e
'., Six
'+, Se8en
'/, 7or
'5, !one of these
(.. Step III of an inpt: .5 yes +1 enemy Loy defeat
5. /0
Hhich of the following is defnitely the inpt:
'), enemy .5 Loy defeat yes 5. +1 /0
'., +1 enemy .5 Loy yes defeat 5. /0
'+, enemy Loy defeat .5 5. yes /0 +1
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
(.+ Step II of an Inpt: )2 win 1) +/ now if 8ictory 0).
<ow many more steps will "e re6ired to
complete the rearrangement:
'), Three
'., 7or
'+, 7i8e
'/, Six
'5, >ore than six
(./ Inpt: where /1 53 ). are they going +3
Hhich of the following steps will "e the last "t
one:
'), $II
'., I$
'+, $
'/, $III
'5, !one of these
(.5 Step II of an inpt: ++ store 2) 15 fll of goods 5.
Hhich of the following will "e step $I:
'), ++ store 5. of 15 2) fll goods
'., ++ store 5. of 15 fll 2) goods
'+, ++ store 5. of 15 goods 2) fll
'/, There will "e no sch step.
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.0*)4,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions.
- word and nm"er arrangement machine when gi8en
an inpt line of words and nm"ers rearranges them
following a particlar rle. The following is an illstration
of inpt and rearrangement. '-ll the nm"ers are twodigit
nm"ers.,
R B (I 5rade 6B7 O%i#er7s Exam 2011)
Inpt: gate .4 20 Lst not 1) for 01 +2 "ake sn 55
Step I: "ake gate .4 Lst not 1) for 01 +2 sn 55 20
Step II: for "ake gate .4 Lst not 01 +2 sn 55 20 1)
Step III: gate for "ake .4 Lst not +2 sn 55 20 1) 01
Step I$: Lst gate for "ake .4 not +2 sn 20 1) 01 55
Step $: not Lst gate for "ake .4 sn 20 1) 01 55 +2
Step $I: sn not Lst gate for "ake 20 1) 01 55 +2 .4
-nd Step $I is the last step of the a"o8e inpt.
Practice Set * . 'Inpt * Etpt,
Inpt * Etpt
52 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
&s per t'e ru!es "o!!o-ed in t'e above steps. /nd out
in ea#' o" t'e "o!!o-in0 1uestions t'e appropriate
step "or t'e 0iven input2
Inpt: +) rise gem )5 3. /1 aim "ig .5 does 50 not 25
0+ with moon
(.0 <ow many steps will "e re6ired to complete
the rearrangement:
'), Eight
'., Six
'+, Se8en
'/, 7i8e
'5, !one of these
(.1 Hhich word[nm"er wold "e at 1th position
from the left in step I$:
'), rise
'., aim
'+, "ig
'/,)5
'5, /1
(.2 Hhich step nm"er is the following otpt:
rise not moon gem does "ig aim )5 with 3. 25
0+ 50 /1 +) .5
'), Step $
'., Step $II
'+, Step I$
'/, Step $III
'5, There is no sch step.
(.3 Hhich of the following represents the position
of I3.K in step $I:
'), !inth from the left
'., 7ifth from the right
'+, Sixth from the right
'/, !inth from the right
'5, Se8enth from the left
(.)4 Hhich word[nm"er wold "e at 5th position
from the right in the last step:
'), gem
'., 0+
'+, 50
'/, 25
'5, does
&irections '(.))*)3,: Stdy the following information
and answer the 6estions gi8en:
Hhen a word arrangement machine is gi8en an inpt
line of words@ it arranges them following a particlar
rle. The following is an illstration of inpt and
rearrangement:
( C o rporation Bank PO Exam 2011)
Inpt: deep snow "ilt o#er Jinc note fnd answer can
Step I: answer deep snow "ilt o#er Jinc note fnd can
Step II: answer "ilt deep snow o#er Jinc note fnd can
Step III: answer "ilt can deep snow o#er Jinc note
fnd
Step I$: answer "ilt can deep fnd snow o#er Jinc note
Step $: answer "ilt can deep fnd note snow o#er Jinc
Step $I: answer "ilt can deep fnd note o#er snow
Jinc
Step $I is the last step of the a"o8e arrangement as
the intended arrangement is o"tained.
&s per t'e ru!es "o!!o-ed in t'e above steps. /nd out
in ea#' o" t'e "o!!o-in0 1uestions t'e appropriate
steps "or t'e 0iven input2
&irections '(. ))*)5,
Inpt: held natre yeast rich win alter infer lost so
done
(.)) Hhich of the following is second to the right
of the one that is se8enth from the right end
of step I$:
'), infer
'., lost
'+, yeast
'/, natre
'5, !one of these
(.). Hhich of the following will "e step $I for the
gi8en inpt:
'), alter done held infer lost natre rich so win yeast
'., alter done held infer natre lost rich so win yeast
'+, alter done held infer lost natre rich so yeast win.
'/, alter done held infer lost natre so rich yeast win
'5, !one of these
(.)+ Hhat will "e the position of IinferK in step III:
'), 7ifth from the left end
'., Eighth from the right end
'+, 7orth from the right end
'/, Eighth from the left end
'5, !one of these
(.)/ <ow many steps will "e re6ired to complete
Inpt * Etpt
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 53
the arrangement:
'), $II
'., $III
'+, IA
'/, $I
'5, !one of these
(.)5 Hhich of the following is the third word from the right of step
I$:
'), win
'., rich
'+, yeast
'/, lost
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.)0*)3,: 7ollowing are steps of an inpt. 9earrange
them and answer the 6estions:
'-, ancient cones dish 8alt rope yell hint
'=, ancient cones 8alt dish rope yell hint
'C, ancient cones dish hint rope 8alt yell
'&, ancient 8alt dish rope cones yell hint
'E, ancient cones dish hint 8alt rope yell
(.)0 Hhich of the following is step $:
'), &
'., -
'+, E
'/, =
'5, C
(.)1 Hhich of the following is step III:
'), E
'., =
'+, &
'/, C
'5, -
(.)2 Hhich of the following is step I$:
'), -
'., =
'+, C
'/, &
'5, E
(.)3 Hhich of the following is step II:
'), -
'., C
'+, =
'/, E
'5, &
Inpt * Etpt
04 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
) '+,
. '.,
+ '+,
/ '/,
5 '.,
0 '+,
1 '/,
2 '5,
3 '.,
)4 '/,
)) '.,
). '.,
)+ '/,
)/ '),
)5 '/,
)0 '5,
Inpt * Etpt Practice Set * ) '-nswers, Inpt * Etpt Practice Set
* . '-nswers,
) '.,
. '/,
+ '.,
/ '5,
5 '+,
0 '),
1 '/,
2 '.,
3 '+,
)4 '+,
)) '/,
). '+,
)+ '5,
)/ '),
)5 '.,
)0 '5,
)1 '5,
)2 '5,
)3 '+,
Inpt * Etpt
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 0)
=lood 9elations
Chapter: =lood 9elations
The entire 6estions in this section are completely "ased on =lood
9elationship. The candidate shold ha8e a sond
knowledge of "lood relation in order to sol8e these 6estions.
=lood 9elations can "e di8ided into two sides as follows:
Paternal Side 9elationships:
'), 7atherKs 7ather 5 %randfather
'., 7atherKs >other 5 %randmother
'+, 7atherKs Sister 5 -nt
'/, 7atherKs =rother 5 Bncle
'5, Children of Bncle 5 Cosin
'0, Children of -nt 5 Cosin
'1, Hife of Bncle 5 -nt
'2, <s"and of -nt 5 Bncle
>aternal Side 9elationships:
'), >otherKs 7ather* >aternal %randfather
'., >otherKs >other 5 >aternal %randmother
'+, >otherKs Sister 5 -nt
'/, >otherKs =rother 5 Bncle
'5, Children of >aternal Bncle 5 Cosin
'0, Children of >aternal -nt 5 Cosin
?nowledge of some important relations:
'), SonKs wife is called &aghter*in*law
'., &aghterKs <s"and is called Son*in*law
'+, =rotherKs wife is called Sister*in*law
'/, SisterKs <s"and is called =rother*in*law
'5, <s"andKs =rother is called =rother*in*law
'0, HifeKs =rother is called =rother*in*law
'1, =rotherKs Son is called !ephew
'2, =rotherKs &aghter is called !iece
'3, SisterKs Son is called !ephew
')4, SisterKs &aghter is called !iece
The easiest way to sol8e the pro"lems "ased on =lood 9elationships
wold "e to draw a tree diagram as follows.
9elation Ships from one generation to next
Sol8ed Examples
0. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
=lood 9elations
%E!E9-TIE! I : %randfather@%randmother@>aternal %randfather@
>aternal %randmother@%randncle@%rand ant
P
%E!E9-TIE! II : 7ather@ >other@ Bncle@-nt@>aternal Bncle@
>aternal -nt@ 7ather*in*law@ >other*in*law
P
%E!E9-TIE! III : =rother@ Sister@ Cosin@ Hife@ <s"and@ =rother*
in*law@ Sister*in*law
P
%E!E9-TIE! I$ : Son@ &aghter@ niece@ nephew@ Son*in*
law@&aghter*in*law
P
%eneration $ : %randson@ %rand daghter
Example'), PKs fatherKs SisterKs father is (. <ow is ( related to P:
'), 7ather
'., Bncle
'+, %randfather
'/, Son
Soltion: 'a,
<ere PKs 7atherKs sister is PKs -nt. <er father is PKs fatherKs father.
Therefore@ ( is grandfather of P.
Example'., Examine the following relationship among mem"ers of a
family of six persons * -@ =@ C@ &@ E and
7.
'), The nm"er of males e6als that of females.
'., - and E are sons of 7.
'+, & is the mother of two@ one "oy and one girl.
'/, = is the son of -.
'5, There is one married cople in the family at present.
Hhich one of the following inferences can "e drawn from the a"o8e:
'), -@ = and C are all females.
'., - is the hs"and of &.
'+, & is the granddaghter of 7
'/, E and 7 are children of &.
Soltion: '",
it is clear that there are three males and three females in the family.
Clearly -@ E and = are males. So@ C@ &@ and 7
are females. -lso gi8en that & is the mother of one "oy and one girl.
So@ - and & form a cople ha8ing two children@
namely = and C. <ence - is the hs"and of &.
Example '+, B O $ means B is the "rother of $@
H 5 A means H is the father of S@
A b G means A is the sister of G@
G c F means F is the mother of G.
Hhich of the following means that ! is the mother of E:
'), D O > b ! E
'., D 5 > c E b P
'+, ! b > c D b E
'/, > O D b E c !
Soltion: 'd,
> O D b E c ! means > is the "rother of D and D is the sister of E
and ! is the mother of E.
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 0+
Sol8ed Examples '=lood 9elations,
(.) - is =Ks "rother. C is &Ks father. E is =Ks mother.
- and & are "rothers. <ow is E related to C:
'), Sister
'., Sister*in*law
'+, !iece
'/, Hife
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
- is the "rother of =. Therefore. - is a male. C is the
father of &. Therefore. C is a male. E is the mother
of =. Therefore. E is aK female. - and & are "rothers.
Therefore. & is a male.
&edctions
'i, - and & are "rothers of =.
'ii, C is the father of -. =and &.
'iii, C is the mother of -. = and &.
'i8, E is the wife of C.
(.. = is the "rother of -@ whose only sister is
mother of C. & is maternal grandmother of C.
<ow is - related to &:
'), &aghter*in*law
'., &aghter
'+, -nt
'/, !ephew
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
-lthogh the sex of - is not mentioned clearly in the
6estion. =t on the "asis of gi8en information it seems
that - is daghter of &.
(.+ - and = are sisters. 9 and S are "rothers. -Ks
daghter is 9Ks sister. Hhat is =Ks relation to S:
'), >other
'., %randmother
'+, Sister
'/, -nt
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
-Ks daghter is the sister of 9 and S.
= is sister of -.
Therefore@ = is ant of S.
(./ 9ead the following information to answer the
gi8en 6estion:
'i, -@ =@ C@ &@ E@ 7 are six family mem"ers.
'ii, There is one &octor@ one Dawyer@ one Engineer@
one Pilot@ one Stdent and one <osewife. 'iii,
There are two married coples in the family.
'i8, 7@ who is Dawyer is the father of -.
'8, = is a Pilot and is mother of C.
'8i, & is grandmother of C and is a hosewife.
'8ii, E is father of 7 and is a &octor
'8iii, C is "rother of -.
<ow many female mem"ers are there 'at least, in
the family:
'), Ene
'., Two
'+, Three
'/, 7or
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
En the "asis of gi8en information and conclsions
as well as s"*conclsions drawn from them we can
constrct the following ta"le
>em"er Sex Profession 9elationship
- >[7 Stdent of
Engineer
Child of = \7
= 7emale Pilot >other of - \ C.
Hife of 7
C >ale
Engineer
Stdent or
\ 7
Son of =
& 7emale <ose wife %randmother of -
\ C. >other of 7@
Hife of E
E >ale &octor 7ather of 7@
<s"and of &
7 >ale Dawyer 7ather of 7@
<s"and of &
(.5 Sita is the niece of -shok. -shokKs mother
is Dakshmi. ?alyani is DakshmiKs mother.
=lood 9elations
0/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
?alyaniKS hs"and is %opal. Par8athi is the
mother*In*law of %opal. <ow is Sita related to
%opal:
'), %reat grandsonKs daghter
'., %opal is SitaK father
'+, Sita is %opalKs great grand daghter
'/, %rand niece
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Sita is granddaghter of Dakshmi.
%opal is father of Dakshmi.
Therefore@ Sita is great granddaghter of %opal.
(.0
'I, 7 is the "rother of -
'II, C is the daghter
'III, ? is the sister of 7.
'I$, % is the "rother of C.
'), -
'., C
'+, ?
'/, 7
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
% is the son of - and 7 is "rother of -.
(.1 C is wife of =@ E is the son of C@ - is the
"rother of = and father of &. Hhat is the
relationship of E to &:
'), >other
'., Sister
'+, =rother
'/, Cosin
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
E is the son of = and C. - is the ncle of E and father
of &.
Therefore@ E is cosin of &.
(.2 -mong her children@ %angaKs fa8orites are 9am
and 9ekha. 9ekha is the mother of Sharat@
who is lo8ed most "y his ncle >ithn. The
head of the family is 9am Dal@ who is
scceeded "y his sons %opal and >ohan.
%opal and %anga ha8e "een married for +5
Gears and ha8e + children. Hhat is the relation
"etween >ithn and >ohan:
'), =rother
'., Cosin
'+, Bncle
'/, !ephew
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
>ohan is son of 9am Dal and ncle of 9am and 9ekha.
>ithn is ncle of Sharat who is son of 9ekha. 9ekha
is niece of >ohan.
(.3 $iLay says I-nandaKs mother is the only
daghter of my motherKK. <ow is -nanda
related to $iLay:
'), =rother
'., 7ather
'+, !ephew
'/, %rand >other
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Enly daghter of $iLayKs mother means sister of $iLay.
Sister of $iLay is mother of -nand. Therefore@ -nand is
!ephew of $iLay.
(.)4 %opal Said pointing to %o8ind IK<is father is
my fayherKs only sonKK. <ow is %opal related
to %o8ind:
'), %randfather
'., %randson
'+, Son
'/, 7ather
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
Enly Son of %opalKs father means %opal himself. Ths@
%opal is father of %o8ind.
=lood 9elations
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 05
Practice Set * '=lood 9elations,
(.) <ow is sohanKs fatherKs "rotherKs only si"ling
related to her:
'a, %randfather
'", Bncle
'c, 7ather
'd, Cosin
(.. ( is the only son of P who is the only daghter
of 9. T is the mother of B and daghter*inlaw
of P. <ow is B related to P:
'a, Son
'", &aghter
'c, %randson
'd, Cannot "e determined
(.+ 9ohanKs fatherKs sisterKs sonKs father is related
to 9ohan as:
'a, =rother
'", Bncle
'c, Cosin
'd, Cannot "e determined
(./ <ow is 9oshnKs daghter*in*lawKs sonKs son
related to 9oshanKs wife:
'a, %randson
'", %reat grandson
'c, Son
'd, Son*in 5law
(.5 &@ the son*in*law of =@ is the "rother*in*law of
- who is the "rother of C. <ow is - related to
=:
'a, =rother
'", Son
'c, 7ather
'd, !one of these
&irections '(.0*)4,: 9ead the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow it:
There are six persons P@ (@ 9@ S@ T and B. 9 is the sister
of B. ( is the "rother of TKs hs"and. S is the father
of P and grandfather of B. There are two fathers@ three
"rothers and a mother in the grop.
(.0 Hho is the mother:
'a, P
'", (
'c, S
'd, T
(.1 Hho is TKs hs"and
'a, (
'", 9
'c, P
'd, B
(.2 <ow many male mem"ers are there in the
grop:
'a, Ene
'", Two
'c, Three
'd, for
(.3 <ow is B related to T:
'a, Bncle
'", <s"and
'c, Son
'd, &aghter
(.)4 Hhich of the following is a grop of "rothers:
'a, P(B
'", P(S
'c, (B9
'd, (SB
&irections '(.))*)5,: if x c y means x is "rother of y@
A 5 y means x is hs"and of y@
A O y means x is daghter of y.
(.)) Hhat does the relation a " 5 c show:
'a, a is cosin of c
'", a is son*in*law of c
'c, c is wife of c
'd, !one of these
(.). Hhich of the following statement does not
hold:
=lood 9elations
00 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'a, P O 6 c r
'", P O r O 6
'c, P 5 6 c r
'd, !one of these
(.)+ If p 5 6 O r c s@ then how is 6 related to s:
'a, &aghter
'", !iece
'c, >other
'd, Sister
(.)/ If p c 6 c r c s then which of the following
statement is not necessarily tre:
'a, 6 is "rother of r
'", r is "rother of p
'c, s is "rother of r
'd, p@ 6@ r are male
(.)5 If the oldest generation in this grop is
the frst generation then what is the present
generation of p in the relation p O 6 c r O s c t
O c 8 :
'a, )st generation
'", .nd generation
'c, +rd generation
'd, /th generation
(.)0 <ow is snitaKs fatherKs father*in*lawsKs sonKs
only sister related to her:
'a, Siater
'", Sister*in*law
'c, >other
'd, !one of these
(.)1 7acing a man in the e8e@ 9agha8 said@ _Gor
son is my sonKs ncle.` <ow is the man
related to 9agha8:
'a, Bncle
'", Cosin
'c, %randfather
'd, 7ather
(.)2 9ani presents a 9aLesh as the son of the
"rother of her mother. <ow is 9aLesh
related to 9ani:
'a, =rother
'", =rother*in*law
'c, Cosin
'd, Bncle
(.)3 9aL has two mothers. 9agini is the stepdaghter
of Sadhana and step*sister of 9aL.
<ow is Sadhana related to 9aL:
'a, %randmother
'", Step*mother
'c, >other
'd, Cannot "e determined
(..4 >rs. &ixit meets a man at a marriage party
who is the "rother of the sister of her
hs"and. <ow is the man related to >rs. &ixit.
'a, 7ather
'", 7ather*in*law
'c, Cosin
'd, =rother*in*law
=lood 9elations
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 01
) 'c,
. 'd,
+ '",
/ '",
5 '",
0 'd,
1 'c,
2 'd,
3 'c,
)4 'a,
)) 'd,
). 'c,
)+ '",
)/ 'c,
)5 'd,
)0 'c,
)1 'd,
)2 'c,
)3 'c,
.4 'd,
=lood 9elations Practice Set * '-nswers,
=lood 9elations
02 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
Chapter: -lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
-lpha"et Test
Type ): Hords in -lpha"etical order
-rranging words in alpha"etical order implies that arranging the
words as per the order in which the "eginning letters
of those words appear in the English alpha"et or to arrange them in
the order as they appear in a dictionary.
Example: In each of the following 6estions@ f8e words are gi8en@
which of them will come in the middle if all
of them are arranged alpha"etically as in a dictionary:
'a, Sa8or
'", Sa8e
'c, Sa8age
'd, Sasage
'e, Sa8ior
Soltion: '",
Sasage@ Sa8age@ Sa8e@ Sa8ior@ Sa8or
Type .: Pro"lems "ased on letter* word
Example: <ow many sch letters are there in the word
_-CCEDE9-TIE!` each of which is as far away from
the "eginning of the word as it is from the "eginning of the English
-lpha"et:
'a, !one
'", Ene
'c, Two
'd, Three
'e, >ore than three
Soltion: '",
Clearly@ C is the third letter in the word _-CCEDE9-TIE!` as well as
in the English -lpha"et. Therefore@ there is only
one sch letter.
Type +: -lpha"etical (i""le
Example: -nswer the gi8en 6estions "ased on the following English
alpha"et:
- = C & E 7 % < I C ? D > ! E P ( 9 S T B $ H A G F
If in the English alpha"et e8ery forth letter is replaced "y the
sym"ol 'S,@ which of the following wold "e
ninth to the left of the forteenth element from the left:
'a, E
'", S
'c, H
'd, !one of these
Soltion:
if e8ery forth alpha"et is replaced "y S then new series "ecomes:
- = C S E 7 % S I C ? S > ! E S ( 9 S S B $ H S G F
<ere the forteenth element from the left is !. The ninth element to
the left of ! is E.
Type /: !ew Hord formation sing letters of a word gi8en in the
pro"lem
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 03
Example: It is possi"le to make only one meaningfl word with the
second@ the third@ the sixth and the eighth
letters of the word 79-%>E!T@ sing each letter only once@ and then
which of the following will
"e the third letter of that word: If no sch word can "e formed@ then
gi8e IA Ias the answer and if
more than one sch words can "e formed@ then gi8e IGK as the
answer.
'a, -
'", E
'c, T
'd, A
'e, G
Soltion: 'e,
The second@ third sixth and eighth letters of the word 79-%>E!T
are 9@ -@ E and T respecti8ely. The word formed is
TE-9@ T-9E and 9-TE.
-lpha * !meric Se6ence Test
-lpha nmeric se6ence is a se6ence comprising of the
com"ination of letters and nm"ers. In this type of se6ence
the letters and nm"ers may ha8e a common se6ence pattern or
may ha8e separate se6ence patterns. In this type
of 6estions@ a Lm"led se6ence of some letters@ nm"ers and
sym"ols is gi8en.
7ollowing examples will explain the concept of -lpha 5 !meric
Se6ence Test
&irections '(. ) to 5,: stdy the following arrangement careflly and
answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
9 E 5 & - P Q + T I ( 1 3 = S . ? R B ) > H / T C 2 !
). Hhich of the following is exactly in the middle "etween + and ) in
the a"o8e arrangement:
'a, =
'", ?
'c, 3
'd, S
'e, !one of these
.. <ow many sch nm"ers are there in the a"o8e arrangement@
each of which is immediately preceded "y a
consonant and not immediately followed "y a consonant:
'a, !one
'", )
'c, .
'd, +
'e, none of these
+. <ow many sch 8owels are there in the a"o8e arrangement@ each
of which is immediately followed "y a
nm"er "t not immediately preceded "y a consonant:
'a, !one
'", )
'c, .
'c, +
'd, /
/. Hhich of the following is se8enth to the left of the sixteenth from
the left in the a"o8e arrangement:
'a, -
'", B
'c, /
'd, T
'e, none of these
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
14 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
5. 7or of the following 5 are alike in a certain way "ased on their
position in the a"o8e arrangement and so
form a grop. Hhich of the following does not "elong to that grop:
'a, =?1
'", >TB
'c, &PE
'd, HC)
e, +(P
-nswers:
). 'a, There are )) elements "etween + and ). So@ the middle letter
will "e the sixth one@ which is =.
.. 'c, 1 and / are the two nm"ers.
+. '", B is the only element.
/. 'd, The )0th element from the left is .@ and the element 1 steps to
the left of . is T.
5. 'c, In all the other grops@ the frst element mo8es + steps forward
to gi8e the second element@ which in trn mo8es
5 steps "ackward to the third element.
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 1)
Sol8ed Examples '-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test,
&irections '(.)* 5,: Stdy the following arrangement
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow.
> + S 9 - T ) E C Q ? V 7 B 5 / $ I 0 W & 2 T < ! 1 d
. H (IBPS Spe#ia!ist O%i#er Exam 2012)
(.) 7or of the following f8e are alike in a certain
"ased on their positions in the a"o8e
arrangement and so form a grop. Hhich is
the one that does not "elong to that grop:
'), T E 9
'., B / V
'+, 0 & $
'/, C ) ?
'5, ! d T
-nswer: '/,
&iagram
(.. <ow many sch nm"ers are there in the
a"o8e arrangement each of which is
immediately preceded "y a letter "t not
immediately followed "y a letter:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
>+S@ B5/@ )0W@ &2T@ !1d
(.+ Hhat shold come in place of 6estion mark
':, in the following series "ased on the a"o8e
arrangement:
9TI QV7 /I0:
'), 2 T <
'., 2 < !
'+, 2 < 1
'/, & T <
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '.,
(./ <ow many sch sym"ols are there in the
a"o8e arrangement@ each of which is
immediately preceded "y a nm"er and
immediately followed "y a letter:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
+S9@ 0W&@ 2T<
(.5 Hhich of the following is se8enth to the left
of the twentieth from the left end of the a"o8e
arrangement:
'), $
'., V
'+, 2
'/, W
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
'.4 * 1,th M)+th from the left M 7
&irections '(.0*2, The following 6estions are "ased
pon the alpha"etical series gi8en "elow:
S D B - G C $ E I E ! ( % F = & 9 <
(.0 If ISBK is related to I<(K and IBG is related to
I&FK in a certain way@ to which of the following
is G$ related to@ following the same pattern:
(Corporation Banks PO Exam 2011)
'), F(
'., I!
'+, =%
'/, (E
'5, &F
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
7ind the corresponding letter@ from the right.
(.1 Hhat will come in place of 6estion ':, mark in
the following series:
D- BC GI E%
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
1. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'), F<
'., I=
'+, !9
'/, (9
'5, (<
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
The frst letter followsO)@ O.@ O+@ O/@;.. The second
follows O.@ O+@ O/@ O5;
(.2 In a certain code I$E9=K is code IGC=%K and
I(BIFK is coded as IES$(K. <ow will ICE<!K "e
coded in the same code langage:
'), E(&%
'., -E&I
'+, GI9E
'/, $!9(
'5, E(%&
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
>o8e two letters "ackward in the alpha"etical series
for each corresponding letter.
&irections '3*)+,: Stdy the following arrangement
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
/ . 0 ) + 2 3 5 2 ) 0 5 ) 5 2 5 + 3 / 3 . + . ) 5 1 . 0 .
/ . 1 /
(.3 If all the e8en digits are deleted from the a"o8e
arrangement@ which of the following will "e
se8enth from the right end of the arrangement:
'), +
'., 5
'+, )
'/, 3
'5, 1
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
) + 3 5 ) 5 ) 5 5 + 3 3 + ) 5 1 1
(.)4 <ow many sch .s are there in the a"o8e
arrangement each of which is immediately
preceded "y an odd digit and also
immediately followed "y* an odd digit:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
/ . 0 ) +2 3 5 2 ) 0 5 ) 5 2 5 + 3 / 3 . + . )5 1 . 0 . /
. 1 /
(.)) <ow many sch Is are there in the a"o8e
arrangement@ each of which is immediately
preceded "y a perfect s6are:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
/ . 0 ) + 2 3 5 2 ) 0 5 ) 5 2 5 + 3 / 3 . + . ) 5 1 . 0 .
/ . 1 /
There are no sch is.
(.). If one is added to each of the e8en digits and
two is added to each of the odd digits gi8en
in =ED& in the a"o8e arrangement@ how many
digits will appear twice in the new nm"er
ths formed:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
5 + 1 + 5 3
Ths there are two digit*5 and +*that appear twice.
(.)+ Hhich of the following is se8enth to the right
of the nineteenth digit from the right end of
the a"o8e arrangement:
'), +
'., 5
'+, )
'/, 1
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
1th to the right of )3th from the right M + M ')3 * 1 M,
).th from th right M+.
&irections '(.)/*)3,: Stdy the following
arrangement and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
> 5 R P B . - Q / + F E ? ) 3 ( 9 I V & 1 7 2 2 H !
0 S $ W C T G
(S+ndi#ate Bank PO Exam 2010)
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 1+
(.)/ Hhich of the following is the ninth to the right
of the se8enteenth from the right end of the
a"o8e arrangement:
'), !
'., Q
'+, /
'/, H
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
3th to the right )1th from the right M ')1 * 3 M, 2th from
the right M !
(.)5 Hhich of the following is the forth to the left
of the sixth to the left of H in the a"o8e
arrangement:
'), B
'., &
'+, E
'/, W
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
/th to the right 0th to the left of H M '/O0M, )4th to the
left of HM3
(.)0 <ow many sch sym"ols are there in the
a"o8e arrangement each of which is
immediately preceded "y a letter and
immediately followed "y a nm"er:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Q and d
(.)1 <ow many sch consonants are there in
the a"o8e arrangement each of which is
immediately followed "y a sym"ol "t not
immediately preceded "y a nm"er:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
$ and C
(.)2 7or of the following f8e are alike in a
certain way "ased on their positions in the
a"o8e arrangement and so form a grop.
Hhich is the one that does not "elong to
that grop:
'), P5-
'., /-E
'+, (I?
'/, 72V
'5, $!T
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
In all others the second elements comes in the se6ence
after a gap of one after the frst. The gap may "e either
to the left or to the right.
(.)3 If all the sym"ols and the nm"ers in the
a"o8e arrangement are dropped@ which of
the following will "e the twelfth from the left
end:
'), E
'., ?
'+, F
'/, &
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
> P B - F E ? ( 9 I & 7 H ! $ C G
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
1/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
&irections '(.)*5,: Stdy the following arrangement
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
(Punjab 8 Sind Bank PO Exam 2010)
< 3 + P Q ? E R / 7 9 I B V H % . > I 5 = ( F 0 W T
! \ 2 $ C
(.) If all the sym"ols and nm"ers are dropped
from the a"o8e arrangement@ which of the
following will "e the forteenth from the right
end:
'), >
'., ?
'+, H
'/, E
'5, !one of these
(.. Hhat shold come in place of the 6estion
mark ':, in the following series "ased on the
a"o8e arrangement:
P?R 9BH >5( :
'), W!2
'.,W!d
'+, dTd
'/, 0T2
'5, !one of these
(.+ <ow many sch nm"ers are there in the
a"o8e arrangement each of which is
immediately preceded "y a letter and
immediately followed "y a sym"ol:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
(./ Hhich of the following is the se8enth*to the
left of the twentieth from the left end of the
a"o8e arrangement:
'), B
'., S
'+, >
'/, !
'5, !one of these
(.5 <ow many sch consonants are there in the
a"o8e arrangement each of which is
immediately followed "y a nm"er "t not
immediately preceded "y a nm"er:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
&irections '(.0*)),: Stdy the following
arrangement careflly and answer the 6estions
gi8en "elow: (Corporation Bank PO Exam 2010)
H 1 V I 9 P + 3 = - Q / < & 5 W > E . R T T 2 d B ( !
) $ 0 S ? 7
(.0 <ow many sch consonants are there in
the a"o8e arrangement@ each of which
isimmediately preceded "y a consonant and
immediate followed "y a sym"ol:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
(.1 If all the sym"ols are dropped from the a"o8e
arrangement@ which of the following will "e the
ffteenth from the left end:
'), E
'., 5
'+, &
'/, .
'5, !one of these
(.2 <ow many sch nm"ers are there in the
a"o8e arrangement@ each of which is
immediately preceded "y a sym"ol@ and
immediately followed "y a consonant:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
Practice Set * ) '-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test,
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 15
'5, >ore than three
(.3 7or of the following f8e are alike in a certain
way "ased on their positions in the a"o8e
arrangement and so form a grop. Hhich is the
one that does not "elong to that grop:
'), T T .
'., ( ! d
'+,+ 3 9
'/, 0 $ ?
'5, R T E
(.)4 Hhich of the following is the ninth to the right
of the twenty second from the right end of the
a"o8e arrangement:
'), <
'., S
'+, T
'/, V
'5, !one of these
(.)) <ow many sch sym"ols are there in the
a"o8e arrangement@ each of which is
immediately preceded "y a nm"er and
immediately followed "y a letter:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
&irections ').*)0, : Stdy the following
arrangement careflly and answer the 6estions
gi8en "elow: (&!!a'abad Bank PO Exam 2010)
= > R 9 + C V ? W & 7 0 3 H / T ! E P . S - G 5 I (
F S 1 B %
(.). Hhich of the following is the sixth to the
left of the twentieth from the left of the
a"o8e arrangement:
'), C
'., (
'+, H
'/, E
'5, !one of these
(.)+ <ow many sch consonants are there in the
a"o8e arrangement each of which is
immediately preceded "y a sym"ol and
immediately followed "y a nm"er:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
(.)/ If all the sym"ols and all the 8owels are
dropped from the a"o8e arrangement@ which
of the following will "e twelfth from the right
end:
'), 3
'., 0
'+, P
'/, G
'5, >ore than three
(.)5 <ow many sch nm"ers are there in the
a"o8e arrangement@ each of which is
immediately preceded "y a letter "t not
immediately followed "y a letter:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
5, >ore than three
(.)0 Hhat shold come in the place of 6estion
mark ':, in the following series "ased on the
a"o8e arrangement:
> 9 C W 7 3 T E . :
'), G 5 I
'., G I (
'+, - 5 (
'/, G I F
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.)1*.),: Stdy the following
arrangement careflly and answer the 6estions
gi8en "elow. I&=I =ank PE Exam .443
>: . & = 1 - / T 3 0 Q T O ! 5 V $ E H S B 2 7 W +
(.)1 <ow many sch prime nm"ers are there
in the gi8en arrangement each of which is
immediately followed "y a sym"ol and
preceded "y a consonant:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
(.)2 If the places of the sym"ols are interchanged
with those of the nm"ers immediately
following them in the gi8en arrangement then
which of the following will "e the ele8enth
from the right end:
'), $
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
10 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'., V
'+, 5
'/, !
'5, !one of these
(.)3 Hhich of the following is the se8enth letter to the left of S:
'), -
'., !
'+, T
'/, =
'5, !one of these
(..4 Hhat shold come in place of the 6estion mark ':, in the
following series "ased on the *a"o8e arrangement:
. 1 = / 0 3 T 5 ! :
'), V H E
'., 5 E $
'+, $ B S
'/, $ S H
'5, !one of these
(..) If the sym"ols and nm"ers are dropped from the gi8en
arrangement and then the letters are rearranged
in alpha"etical order which of the following will "e the sixth from
the left end:
'), >
'., 7
'+, !
'/, E
'5, !one of these
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 11
Practice Set * . '-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test,
&irections '(.)to5,: Stdy the following
arrangement careflly and answer the 6estions
gi8en "elow:
E 1 % = & > / ! ? < . - C F S $ + 7 I C D E ( 5 P 9
(.) If starting from E each alternate letter[digit is
deleted then which letter[digit will "e second
to the left of the letter[digit which is )4th from
the left:
'), $
'., =
'+, -
'/, (
'5, !one of these
(.. Hhich grop of letters[digits will replace the
6estion mark:
%&9@ =>P@ &/5
'), /!(
'., >!(
'+, >?E
'/, >/(
'5, !one of these
(.+ If e8ery third element from yor right is
replaced "y the days of week respecti8ely
starting from >onday then which element will
represent IThrsdayK:
'), -
'., S
'+, F
'/, 7
'5, !one of these
(./ If with the frst@ ).th@ )5th and .)st letters of
the gi8en arrangement it is possi"le to
make a meaningfl word then which will "e
frst letter of the world so formed : If no
meaningfl word can "e formed then gi8e
A as the answer and if more than one word
can "e made then gi8e > as the answer:
'), -
'., T
'+, E
'/, A
'5, >
(.5 If only the elements from > to D are written in
re8erse order then which element will "e +rd
to the right of the element which is )/th from
the right:
'), C
'., -
'+, F
'/, S
'5, !one of these
(.0 <ow many pairs of letters are there in the word
&-==DE which ha8e as many letters "etween
them in the word as in the English alpha"et:
'), Ene
'., Two
'+, !il
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
(.1 <ow many pairs of letters are there in the
word SE(BE!TI-D which ha8e as many
letters "etween them in the word as in the
English alpha"et:
'), !il
'., Two
'+, 7or
'/, Ene
'5, Three
(.2 <ow many words can "e formed from the word
%E&EH! in which no letter is repeated and
the letters in the word are in the same order as
they are in the gi8en word:
'), /
'., +
'+, 5
'/, .
'5, !one of these
(.3 <ow many pairs of letters are there in the word
9EC9BIT>E!T which ha8e as many letters
"etween them in the word as in the English
alpha"et:
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
12 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'), /
'., +
'+, .
'/, )
'5, !one of these
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 13
) '/,
. '),
+ '.,
/ '),
5 '5,
0 '),
1 '),
2 '.,
3 '/,
)4 '+,
)) '5,
). '+,
)+ '.,
)/ '),
)5 '/,
)0 '+,
)1 '.,
)2 '+,
)3 '/,
.4 '/,
.) '),
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
Practice Set * ) '-nswers,
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
Practice Set * . '-nswers,
) '),
. '.,
+ '.,
/ '5,
5 '+,
0 '5,
1 '5,
2 '/,
3 '/,
-lpha"et \ !m"er Se6ence Test
24 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Dogical $enn &iagrams
Chapter: Dogical $enn &iagrams
- $enn diagram or set diagram is a diagram that shows all possi"le
logical relations "etween fnite collections
of sets.
There are two possi"le types of 6estions in this topic:*
'), Dogical $enn &iagrams 5 Type )
'., Dogical $enn &iagrams 5 Type .
Dogical $enn &iagrams:* Type )
These types of 6estions are meant to test the analytical a"ility of
the candidate to represent and classify a gi8en grop
of o"Lects diagrammatically. In other words@ these 6estions are aim
at analyJing a candidateKs a"ility to relate certain
gi8en grop of items and illstrate it diagrammatically which
re6ires general common sense only. DetKs see some
examples to ha8e an insight of the 6estions of this type.
Example '), Show the following in a logical $enn diagram:
'), Parrots@ Sparrows@ S6irrel@ 7inches@ =irds
'., >ars@ Solar System@ Bni8erse
'+, !i"@ Ink@ Paper
'/, Homen@ &octor@ -nchors
Soltion:
'), <ere@ Parrots@ Sparrows 7inches are all types of "irds whereas
S6irrel is not a "ird therefore the frst three are
elements or mem"ers of the set of =irds@ "t S6irrel falls otside
the set of =irds. It wold "e represented as
follows:
= M =irds@ P M Parrots@ S M Sparrows@ 7 M 7inches@ S6 M S6irrel
'., <ere we ha8e three concentric circlesN >ars is a part of the Solar
System which in trn is part of the Bni8erse. The
diagrammatic representation is as follows:
> M Stars@ SS M Solar System@ B M Bni8erse
'+, <ere we ha8e three separate circles which do not toch@ meet or
o8erlap. -lthogh we ha8e a mental association
of these three items@ they ha8e actally no connection with each
other. The representation is as follows:
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 2)
Dogical $enn &iagrams
! M !i"@ I M Ink@ P M Pen
'/, <ere we ha8e three o8erlapping circles with one area in common@
"ecase doctor can "e women as well as
anchors@ women can "e doctor as well as anchors and similarly
anchors. The diagrammatic representation is as
follows :
H M Homen@ - M -nchors@ & M &octors
Dogical $enn &iagrams:* Type .
In these types of 6estions di#erent classes or items or poplation
are represented "y di#erent fgres@ i.e. circle@
s6are@ rectangle or ellipse. etc. Each fgre ha8e di#erent
characteristic@ and some common characteristics are also
a8aila"le in the fgre. These fgres are sally o8erlapped and
certain segments are formed and each segment is
represented "y a nm"er or alpha"et. The o8erlapping fgre shows
the common characteristics. (estions are "ased
on the diagram gi8en@ which re6ires a logical nderstanding and
carefl o"ser8ation of the diagram. DetKs sol8e some
examples to ha8e a "etter nderstanding of the topic.
Example '., Stdy the diagrams gi8en "elow and answer the
6estions that follow.
'), Politicians who are ministers as well as ad8ocates is represented
"y
'a, 1
'", 0
'c, 5
'd, /
'., -d8ocates who are Politicians "t not ministers is represented "y
'a, 1
'", 0
'c, /
'd, )
'+, -d8ocates who are neither >inisters nor Politicians is
represented "y
'a, .
'", 1
2. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'c, 0
'd, /
'/, Politicians who are ministers "t not ad8ocates is represented "y
'a, 1
'", 0
'c, 5
'd, /
'5, Politicians who are neither ministers nor ad8ocates is
represented "y
'a, 0
'", .
'c, )
'd, /
Soltions:
'), The 8ale shold "e in all the fgres i.e. s6are triangle and
circle@ that is 0.
So the answer is '",
'., The 8ale shold "e in triangle and circle "t not in the s6are
which is 1.
So the answer is 'a,
'+, The 8ale shold "e in circle "t neither in s6are nor in triangle
which is ..
So the answer is 'a,.
'/, The 8ale shold "e in triangle and s6are "t not in the circle
which is 5.
So the answer is 'c,
'5, The 8ale shold "e in triangle "t neither in a s6are nor in a
circle which is ).
So the answer is 'c,
Dogical $enn &iagrams
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 2+
Sol8ed Examples 'Dogical $enn &iagrams,
(.) Hhich nm"er represents Poets who are also
Essayists@ &ramatists and -thors:
'), 1
'., 5
'+, 0
'/, 2
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
The re6ired nm"er shold "e common to all the for
geometrical fgres. Sch nm"er is I0K.
(.. Hhich nm"er represents &ramatists who are
not Essayists:
'), 2
'., 1
'+, 5
'/, )
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
The re6ired nm"er shold "e in the small triangle "t
otside the circle. Sch nm"er isK0K.
(.+ Hhich nm"er represents Poets who are also
Essayists "t not -thors or &ramatists:
'), 5
'., 0
'+, 1
'/,2
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
The re6ired nm"er shold "e common to the
rectangle and circle only. Sch nm"er is I5K.
(./ Hhich nm"ers represent only -thors who
are neither Poets nor &ramatists or EssayistsK:
'), . and +
'., ) and +
'+, / and 5
'/, 2 and 0
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
The re6ired nm"ers shold "e present in the
rectangle only. Sch nm"ers are I. and /K.
(.5 Hhich nm"ers represent Poets who are
neither -thors nor Essayists or &ramatists:
'), . and /
'., 2 and +
'+, 1 and 3
'/, 5 and )
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
The re6ired nm"ers shold "e present in the
rectangle only. Sch nm"ers are I. and /K.
(.0 The diagram represents the stdents who are
singers@ dancers and poets:
Stdy the diagram and identify the region which
represents the stdents who are "oth poets and
singers "t not dancers.
'), P O T O S
'., T
'+, T O B O 9 O S
'/, P O T O B O S
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
The letter ITK is present in those circle which represent
singers and poets.
(.1 Hhich one of the following fgres represents
the relationship among >ales@ 7athers@
-d8ocates:
'),
'.,
Dogical $enn &iagrams
2/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'+,
'/,
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
-ll fathers mst "e males. Some males may "e
ad8ocates and 8ice*8ersa. Some farther may "e
ad8ocates and 8ice*8ersa.
(.2 <ow the following statement can "e
represented:
Solid common salt is hygroscopic@ crystalline and
non*electrol<<ytic s"stance.
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
Some hygroscopic s"stances may "e crystalline and
8ice 8ersa.
(.3 Hhich one of the following fgres represents
the relationship among Fe"ra@ %rass eating
animalKs Dions:
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
Fe"ra s a grass eating animal "t lion is carni8oros.
(.)4 Hhich of the following $enn grams correctly
illstrates relationship among the classes I
Carrot@ 7ood@ $egeta"les:
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
Soltion:
Carrot comes nder the class 8egeta"le comes nder
the class food.
Dogical $enn &iagrams
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 25
(.) Hhich sym"ol indicates Ieader "t not a
singer@ or an Indian:
'), g
'., c
'+, "
'/, f
(.. Hhich sym"ol indicates India singer "t not a
leader:
'), a
'., "
'+, f
'/, d
(.+ Hhich sym"ol indicates only singer@ "t not an
Indian or leader:
'), "
'., g
'+, f
'/, d
(./ Hhich sym"ol indicates an Indian@ a leader as
well as singer:
'), "
'., c
'+, d
'/, e
(.5 Hhich sym"ol indicates Indian and a leader "t
not a singer:
'), "
'., c
'+, d
'/, e
(.0 Hhich letter represents the -rtists who are
&octors and &ancers:
'), <
'., %
'+, &
'/, -
(.1 Hhich letters represent the -rtists who are
neither Scientists nor &octors:
'), - \ =
'., - \ D
'+, = \ %
'/, D \ <
(.2 Hhich letters represent the -rtists who are
&ancers as well &octors:
'), - \ &
'., % \ <
'+, C \ -
'/, C \ &
(.3 Hhich letter represents the -rtists who are
neither &octors nor Scientists nor &ancers:
'), &
'., 7
'+, -
'/, %
(.)4 Hhich letter represents the Scientists who
are not -rtists:
'), =
'., &
'+, D
'/, 7
(.)) Hhich one of the following diagrams
represents the relationships "etween Cows@
-nimals and %oats:
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
(.). Hhich of the followings fgres represents
=ilding materials@ Cements and Hood:
Practice Set 'Dogical $enn &iagrams,
Dogical $enn &iagrams
20 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
(.)+ Hhich of the following fgres represents the
relationship among &E%@ C-T and PET:
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
(.)/ Identify the diagram that correctly represents
the relationship among illiterates@ poor
people and nemployed.
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
(.)5 In the following diagram the triangle
represents doctors@ the circle represents
players and the rectanglerepresents singers.
Hhich region represents doctors who are
singers "t not players:
'), -
'., =
'+, C
'/, &
(.)0 Hhich one of the following diagrams "est
depicts the relationship among 7ishes.
Snakes and =irds:
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
(.)1 Hhich one of the following diagrams "est
depicts the relationship among Pigeons@
=irds and &ogs.
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
(.)2 Hhich one of the following diagrams "est
depicts the relationship among Cement@
=ricks and =ilding materials:
'),
Dogical $enn &iagrams
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 21
'.,
'+,
'/,
(.)3 Hhich one of the following grams "est depicts the relationship
among <oney*"ee@ Insects and <ose]y:
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
(..4 Hhich one of the following diagrams "est depicts the
relationship among horses@ parrots and "irds:
'),
'.,
'+,
'/,
Dogical $enn &iagrams
22 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
) '/,
. '/,
+ '.,
/ '.,
5 '),
0 '.,
1 '),
2 '.,
3 '+,
)4 '/,
)) '),
). '.,
)+ '/,
)/ '.,
)5 '/,
)0 '/,
)1 '),
)2 '/,
)3 '+,
.4 '.,
Dogical $enn &iagrams Practice Set * '-nswers,
Dogical $enn &iagrams
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 23
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
Chapter: -rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
-rrangement means to pt or place things in a certain order. In the
6estions of arrangements@ a stdent will "e re6ired
to arrange di#erent people or things into a se6ence and answer the
6estions on "asis of the fnal arrangement. In
this topic@ there are primarily two types of 6estions 8iJ.
). Dinear -rrangement
.. Circlar -rrangement
Dinear -rrangements
In these type of 6estions a stdent is re6ired to arrange di#erent
people into a line or nm"er of lines. The people may
"e sitting or standing in a row or a set of rows. Det s see some
statements to nderstand this type of arrangements.
a -@ = and C are standing all facing !orth. - is standing to the right
of =. = is not standing in the middle of - and C.
If we see in the statements gi8en a"o8e all the people are facing
north. The following people will stand in the
following manner:
The left and right is taken according the direction in which the
person gi8en in the 6estion are facing. If nothing is
gi8en we can take all people are facing north.
If we see the fnal arrangements of the gi8en persons@ it will "e as
follows:
Example '), Stdy the following information careflly and answer
the 6estions gi8en "elow:
Six friends -@ =@ C@ &@ E and 7 are sitting in a row facing towards
!orth. C is sitting "etween - and E. &
is not at the end. = is sitting immediate right to E. 7 is not at the
right end.
). <ow many persons are there to the right &:
a. Ene
". Two
c. Three
d. 7or
e. Cannot "e determined
.. Hhich of the following pairs is sitting together to one side of &:
a. E=
". 7C
c. 7E
d. =C
e. Cannot "e determined
34 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
+. Hho is immediate left of C:
a. -
". E
c. =
d. Either E or -
e. Cannot "e determined
/. Hho is at the right end:
a. -
". =
c. E
d. C
e. Cannot "e determine
Soltions: In the a"o8e example@ all the people are facing !orth. He
can ha8e the following sitting arrangement:
-s C is sitting "etween - and E@ they will "e sitting in the following
manner:
Case ) : - C E
Case .: E C -
<owe8er@ we still cannot fx a place for them on the a"o8e grid.
& cannot "e at either of the ends. -lso = is sitting to the immediate
right of E <ence case . a"o8e is
discarded and we will ha8e the following arrangement:
- C E =
In addition@ 7 is not at the right end and & cannot "e at any of the
ends@ we will ha8e the following
arrangement:
So@ on "asis of the a"o8e arrangement the answer to the 6estions
will "e
). 'd, There are for people sitting to the right of &.
.. 'a, E and = are sitting together on the right of &.
+. 'a, - is sitting to the immediate left of C.
/. '", = is sitting at the right end of the arrangement.
Circlar -rrangements
In these type of 6estions some people are arranged in a circle@ they
may "e standing or e8en sitting arond a circlar
ta"le. - stdent shold always remem"er that whene8er people are
arranged in circles then they are always facing the
center of the circle.
Example ): -nswer the following 6estions "ased on the information.
Six persons -@ =@ C@ &@ E and 7 are sitting@ diametrically opposite@
arond a circlar ta"le facing the center.
a C is sitting in*"etween - and 7.
a = is sitting two places to the left of E.
a & is sitting two places to the right of 7.
). =etween which two persons does & is sitting:
a. =E
". CE
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 3)
c. -=
d. -E
e. 7-
.. Hho is sitting diagonally opposite to -:
a. =
". C
c. 7
d. E
e. CanKt "e determined
+. Hho is -Ks neigh"or on his right:
a. C
". 7
c. =
d. &
e. E
/. Hho is sitting diagonally opposite to E:
a. -
". =
c. C
d. 7
e. &
5. =etween which two people does 7 is sitting:
a. - and E
". = and C
c. & and C
d. E and =
e. & and E
Soltions: In the a"o8e example the people will "e sitting in the
following manner:
7irst statement does not gi8e any fxed position since the order cold
"e -C7 or 7C-. Second statement@
gi8es position of = and E. !ow C has to "e in*"etween - and 7 in
sch an order that & is two places to
the right of 7. The order in the clockwise direction has to "e 7C-
else - will fall . places to the right of 7
which will 8iolate the gi8en conditions.
Ths@ the arrangement is as follows:
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
3. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
So@ the answers to the 6estions is as follows:
). 'a, & is sitting "etween = and E.
.. 'a, = is diagonally opposite to -.
+. 'a, C is -Ks neigh"or on his right.
/. 'd, 7 is sitting diagonally opposite to E.
5. '", 7 is sitting "etween = and C.
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 3+
Sol8ed Examples '-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar,
&irections '(.)*1,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions.
-@ =@ C@ &@ E@ 7@ % and < are sitting arond a circle
facingK the centre "t not necessarily in the same order.
= sits second to the left of <Ks hs"and. !o female is
an immediate neigh"or of =.
&Ks daghter sits second to the right of 7. 7 is the sister
of %. 7 is not an immediate neigh"or of <Ks hs"and.
Enly one person sits "etween - and 7. - is father of %.
<Ks "rother & sits on the immediate left of <Ks mother.
Enly one person sits "etween <Ks mother and E.
Enly one person sits "etween <and %.% is the mother
of C. % is not an immediate neigh"or of E.
(IBPS Common ,ritten Exam PO()* 2012)
(.) Hhat is the position of - with respect to his
mother*in* law:
'), Immediate left
'., Third to the right
'+, Third to the left
'/, Second to the right
'5, 7orth to the left
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
'O, >ale '*, 7emale
= is the mother in*Daw of -.
<ence@ -Ks position with respect to his mother*in*law is
second to the right.
(.. Hho amongst the following is &Ks daghter:
'), 2
'., C
'+, E
'/, %
'5, <
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
'O, >ale '*, 7emale
(.+ Hhat is the position of - with respect to his
grandchild:`
'), Immediate right
'., Third to the right
'+, Third to the left
'/, Second to the left
'5, 7orth to the left
-nswer: '),
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
3/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
(.5 7or of the following f8e are alike in a certain
way "ased on the gi8en information and so
form a grop@ Hhich is the one that does not
"elong to that grop:
'), 7
'., C
'+, E
'/, <
'5, %
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
'O, >ale '*, 7emale
Expect C@ all are females.
(.0 Hhich of the following is tre with respect to
the gi8en seating arrangement:
'), C is cosin of E.
'., <and <Ks hs"and are immediate neigh"ors of
each other.
'+, !o female is an immediate neigh"or of C.
'/, < sits third to the left of her daghter.
'5, = is*mother of <.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
'O, >ale '*, 7emale
Soltion:
'O, >ale '*, 7emale
C is grandchild of -.
Ths@ -Ks position with respect to his grand child is
immediate right.
(./ <ow many people sit "etween % and her ncle:
'), Ene
'., Two
'+, Three
'/, 7or
'5, >ore than for
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
'O, >ale '*, 7emale
& is ncle of %.
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 35
(.1 Hho sits on the immediate left of C:
'), 7Ks grandmother
'., %Ks son
'+, &Ks mother*in*law
'/, -
'5, %
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
&irections '(.2*)4,: Stdy the following information
careflly to answer the gi8en 6estions:
Each of the six friends * -@ =@ C@ &@ E and 7 * scored
di#erent marks in an examination. C scored more than
only - and E. & scored less than only =. E did not score
the least. The one who scored the third highest marks
scored 2) marks. E scored 0. marks.
(.2 Hhich of the following cold possi"ly "e CKs
score:
'), 14
'., 3/
'+, 20
'/, 0)
'5, 2)
-nswer: '),
'&irection, 7rom gi8en information@
efefefeCf-@ E ;;;;'i,
=f&fefefefe ;;;;..'ii,
Since E did not score the least@ we get
=f&f7fCfEf-
'2), '0.,
Soltion:
C is most likely to score 14 marks as he is "etween 7@
who scored 2) marks and E@ who scored 0. marks.
(.3 Hhich of the following is tre with respect to
the gi8en information:
'), &Ks score was defnitely less than 04.
'., 7 scored the maximm marks.
'+, Enly two people scored more than C.
'/, There is a possi"ility that = scored 13 marks.
'5, !one is tre
-nswer: '5,
'&irection, 7rom gi8en information@
efefefeCf-@ E ;;;;'i,
=f&fefefefe ;;;;..'ii,
Since E did not score the least@ we get
=f&f7fCfEf-
'2), '0.,
(.)4 The person who scored the maximm scored
)+ marks more than 7Ks marks. Hhich of the
followingK can "e &Ks score:
'), 3/
'., 04
'+, 23
'/, 12
'5, 2)
-nswer: '+,
'&irection, 7rom gi8en information@
efefefeCf-@ E ;;;;'i,
=f&fefefefe ;;;;..'ii,
Since E did not score the least@ we get
=f&f7fCfEf-
'2), '0.,
Soltion:
=Ks score is maximm according to a"o8e se6ence
7 has scored 2) marks. Then =Ks score M 2)O)+M3/
marks and & is "etween = and 7.
&irections '(.))*).,: 9ead the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions which follow.
-@ =@ C@ &@ E and 7 li8e on di#erent ]oors in the same
"ilding ha8ing six ]oors nm"ered one to six 'the
grond ]oor is nm"ered one@ the ]oor a"o8e it is
nm"ered two@ and so on@ and the topmost ]oor is
nm"ered 0,.
- li8es on an e8en*nm"ered ]oor. There are two ]oors
"etween the ]oors on which & and 7 li8e. 7 li8es on
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
30 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
a ]oor a"o8e &Ks ]oor. & does not li8e on the ]oor
nm"ered two. = does not li8e on an odd*nm"ered
]oor. C does not li8e on any of the ]oors "elow 7Ks
]oor. E does not li8e on a ]oor _immediately a"o8e or
immediately "elow the ]oor on which = li8es.
(IBPS Common ,ritten Exam PO()* 2011)
(.)) Hho among the following li8e on the ]oors
exactly "etween & and 7:
'), E@=
'., C@=
'+, E@C
'/, -@E
'5, =@-
-nswer: '/,
'&irection, 7rom the information gi8en in the 6estion@
we can ha8e the following ta"le:
7rom Person
) &
. -
+ E
/ 7
5 C
0 =
Soltion:
& li8es on frst and 7 ]oor. <ence@ - and E@ li8ing on
second and third ]oor respecti8ely@ is the re6ired
answer.
(.). En which of the following ]oors does = li8e:
'), Sixth
'., 7orth
'+, Second
'/, 7ifth
'5, Cannot "e determined
-nswer: '),
'&irection, 7rom the information gi8en in the 6estion@
we can ha8e the following ta"le:
7rom Person
) &
. -
+ E
/ 7
5 C
0 =
Soltion:
= li8es on the sixth ]oor.
&irections '(.)+ *)1, : Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions.
9epresentati8es of eight di#erent "anks@ 8iJ -@ =@ C@ 4@
E@ 7@ % and <@ are sitting arond a circlar ta"le@ facing
the centre@ "t not necessarily in the same order. Each
one of them is from a di#erent "ank@ 8iJ BCE =ank@
Eriental =ank of Commerce@ =ank of >aharashtra@
Canara =ank@ Syndicate =ank@ PnLa" !ational
=ank@ =ank of India and &ena =ank. 7 sits second
to the right of the representati8e of Canara =ank.
The representati8e of =ank of India is an immediate
neigh"or of the representati8e of Canara =ank. Two
person sit "etween the representati8e of =ank of India
and =. C and E are immediate neigh"ors. !either
C nor E is an immediate neigh"or of either = or the
representati8e of Canara =ank. The representati8e of
=ank of >aharashtra sits second to the right of &. 4
is the representati8e of neither Canara =ank nor =ank
of India. % and the representati8e of BCE =ank are
immediate neigh"ors. = is not the representati8e of
BCE =ank. Enly one person sits "etween C and the
representati8e of Eriental =ank of Commerce.
< sits third to the left of the representati8e of &en a
=ank. The representati8e of PnLa" !ational =ank sits
second to the left of the representati8e of Syndicate
=ank.
(.)+ 7or of the following f8e are alike in a certain
way "ased on the gi8en arrangement and
ths form a grop. Hhich is the one that does
not "elong to that grop:
'), < 5BCE =ank
'., - * Canara =ank
'+, 4 * =ank of >aharashtra
'/, E * Syndicate =ank
'5, 7 * PnLa" !ational =ank
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 31
(.)/ Hhich of the following is tre with respect to
the gi8en seating arrangement:
'), = is the representati8e of =ank of >aharashtra.
'., C sits second to the right of <.
'+, The representati8e of &ena =ank sits on. the
immediate left of the representati8e of BCE =ank.
'/, - sits second to the right of the representati8e of
=ank of India.
'5, The representati8es of =ank of >aharashtra and
Syndicate =ank are immediate neigh"ors.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
(.)5 Hho among the following sit exactly "etween
= and the representati8e of =ank of India:
'), - and the representati8e of BCE =ank
'., 7 and %*
'+, < and the representati8e of =ank of >aharashtra
'/, < and %K
'5, 9epresentati8es of Syndicate =ank and Eriental
=ank of Commerce
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
(.)0 Hho among the following is the
representati8e of Eriental =ank of Commerce:
'), -
'., C
'+, <
'/, %
'5, &
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
(.)1 Hho amongst the following sits second to the
left of =:
'), C
'., <
'+, The representati8e of Canara =ank
'/, The representati8e of PnLa" !ational =ank
'5, %
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
32 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Practice Set * ) '-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar,
(.) Hho amongst the following sits the immediate
right of <:
(IBPS RRB 5roup & O%i#ers Exam 2012)
'), -
'., &
'+, C
'/, %
'5, !one of these
(.. Hho amongst the following sits third to the
right of -:
'), &
'., E
'+, 7
'/, -
'5, !one of these
(.+ 7or the following f8e are alike in a certain
way@ "ased on the information gi8en a"o8e and
so from a grop:
'), <-
'., 7<
'+, %C
'/, &-
'5, !one of these
(./ If all the people are made to sit in an
alpha"etical order@ in clockwise direction@
starting from -@ the position of whom amongst
the following remains the same 'exclding -,:
'), E
'., 7
'+, C
'/, %
'5, !one of these
(.5 <ow many people are seated "etween - and C
'conting clockwise from -,:
'), Two
'., 7or
'+, !one
'/, Ene
'5, Three
(.0 Hho amongst the following sits exactly
"etween 7 and C 'and is also their neigh"or,:
'), E
'., =
'+, %
'/, -
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.1*)+,: Stdy the following information
and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
Eight friends*-@ =@ C@ 4@ E@ 7@ % and <*are sitting arond
a circlar ta"le not necessarily in the same order.
Three of them are facing otward while f8e are facing
towards the centre. There are e6al` nm"er of males
and females in the grop.
C is facing the centre. E is sitting third to the right of C.
7 is sitting third to the left of E. Three persons are sitting
"etween 7 and =. The immediate neigh"ors of = are
females. % is sitting third to the right of 7. 4 is sitting
third to the right of -. - is not an immediate neigh"or
of E. The immediate neigh"ors of E are males and are
facing the centre. The immediate neigh"ors of 4 are
females and face otside. The one sitting third to the
left of = is a male. !o female is an immediate neigh"or
of %.
(Corporation Bank PO Exam 2011)
(.1 Hho is sitting second to the right of E:
'), C
'., =
'+, %
'/, <
'5, !one of these
(.2 <ow many persons are sitting "etween < and
C when conted from the left side of <:
'), Ene
'., Two.
'+, Three
'/, 7or
'5, >ore than for
(.3 Hhich of the following statements is tre
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning 33
neither a politician nor an architect. Enly one person
sits "etween E and the teacher. - and 7 are immediate
neigh"ors of each other. !either - nor 7 is a politician.
The doctor sits second to the right of -. Two people sit
"etween 4 and the engineer. & is not a politician. The
pilot is not an immediate neigh"or of the politician.
The "anker sits second to the left of -.
'Indian E8erseas "ank PE Exam .5*45*.4)),
(.)/ Hho amongst the following is a "sinessman:
'), -
'., <
'+, C
'/, 7
'5, &
(.)5 Hhat is the position of 7 with respect to the
politician:
'), Immediate right
'., Third to the left
'+, Second to the right
'/, 7orth to the left
'5, Second to the left
(.)0 Hho sit's, exactly "etween the teacher and
the engineer:
'), C and <
'., Enly the politician
'+, Enly the doctor
'/, C and =
'5, The architect and the "anker
(.)1 Hhich of the following is tre with respect to
the gi8en seating arrangement:
'), & is an immediate neigh"or of %.
'., % is a "anker.
'+, The "anker and the teacher are immediate
neigh"ors of each other.
'/, The pilot sits exactly "etween the architect and
the "sinessman.
'5, The doctor sits second to the right of the
"sinessman.
(.)2 Hhat is the profession of %:
'), =sinessman
'., Pilot
'+, =anker
'/, Teacher
'5, -rchitect
(.)3 7or of the following f8e are alike in a certain
way "ased on the gi8en seating arrangement
and ths form a grop. Hhich is the one that
does not "elong to that grop:
regarding <:
'), The one who is second to the right of < is a female.
'., < is facing the centre.
'+, < is a male.
'/, The immediate neigh"ors of < are facing otside:
'5, !one is tre
(.)4 Hhat is &Ks position with respect to %:
'), Third to the left
'., Third to the right
'+, Second to the left
'/, Second to the right
'5, !one of these .
&irections '(.))*)+,: 7or of the following f8e
are alike in a certain way "ased on their seating
positions in the a"o8e arrangement and hence form
a grop. Hhich of the following does not "elong to
the grop:
(.))
'), =E
'., C%
'+, %-
'/, E<
'5, -7
(.).
'), =
'., 7
'+, %
'/, -
'5, 4
(.)+ If all the friends are asked to sit in an
alpha"etical order starting from - in an anti
clockwise direction@ the positions of how
many will remain nchanged 'exclding -,:
'), 7or
'., Three
'+, Two
'/, Ene
'5, !one
&irections '(.)/*.4,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions.
-@ =@ C@ &@ E@ 7@ % and < are sitting arond a circlar
ta"le@ facing the centre. Each of them has a di#erent
profession@ 8iJ doctor@ engineer@ architect@ pilot@ "anker@
teacher@ "sinessman and politician.
The politician sits third to the right of %. C is an
immediate neigh"or of %. The architect sits second
to the right of C. = sits third to the right of <. < is
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
)44 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'), %*&octor
'., E*-rchitect
'+, <*=sinessman
'/, E* Politician
'5, &*Pilot
(..4 Hhat is the profession of E:
'), =sinessman
'., -rchitect
'+, =anker
'/, Politician
'5, Engineer
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )4)
Practice Set * . '-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar,
&irections '(.)*1,: Stdy the following information
to answer the gi8en 6estions:
P ( 9 S T $ and Hare sitting in a straight line facing
north.K Each one of li8es on a di#erent ]oor in the same
"ilding which is nm"ered from one to se8en.
( sits forth to the left of the person li8ing on the 0th
]oor. Either ( or the person li8ing on the 0th ]oor sits
at the extreme ends of the line.
Enly one person sits "etween ( and H. H li8es on the
+rd ]oor. The person li8ening the )st ]oor sits third to
right of S. S is not an immediate neigh"or of H. Enly
one person li8es "etween T and the person who li8es
on the .nd ]oor.
P and 9 are immediate neigh"ors of each other. P
does not li8e on the 0th ]oor. Ene who li8es on the 5th
]oor sits third to right of the one who li8es on the 1th
]oor.
(Indian Overseas bank PO Exam 2011)
(.) Hho amongst the following li8es on the /th
]oor:
'), P
'., (
'+, 9
'/, S
'5, $
(.. En which of the following ]oors does T li8e:
'), )st
'., .nd
'+, 5th
'/, 0th
'5, 1th
(.+ <ow many ]oors are there "etween the ]oors
on which $ and P li8e:
'), Ene
'., Two
'+, Three
'/, 7or
'5, !one
&irections '(. /*1,: 7or of the following f8e are alike
in a certain way "ased on the gi8en arrangement
and ths form a grop. Hhich is the one that does
not "elong to that grop:
(./
'), H
'., T
'+, S
'/, P
'5, (
(.5
'), T*.nd]oor
'., 9*1th ]oor
'+, $*+rd ]oor
'/, S*5th ]oor
'5, (*0th ]oor
(.0 Hhich of the following is tre with respect to
the gi8en arrangement:
'), The one who li8es on the 5th ]oor is an immediate
neigh"or of S.
'., $ li8es on the )st ]oor.
'+, T sits second to the left of the person who li8es
on the .nd ]oor.
'/, 9 and $ are immediate neigh"ors of each other.
'5, The one who li8es on the /th ]oor sits at one of
the extreme ends of the line.
(.1 If all the persons are made to li8e in
alpha"etical order from the "ottom*most ]oor
to the topmost ]oor 'i.e. P li8es on the )st
]oor@ ( li8es on the .nd ]oor and fnally H
li8es on the 1th ]oor,@ who wold still li8e on
the same ]oor as the original arrangement:
'), 9
'., $
'+, H
'/, T
'5, S
&irections '(.2*).,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
)4. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Classifcation
>@ !@ P@ (@ 9@ Sand T are sitting arond a circle facing
the centre. P is second to the left of S and third to the
right of >. T is third to the left of S. ( is not an immediate
neigh"or of S. ! is not an immediate neigh"or of >.
(&nd'ra Bank PO Exam 2011)
(.2 Hho is third to the right of !:
'), (
'., T
'+, P
'/, 9
'5, !one of these
(.3 Hho is second to the left of >:
'), !
'., 9
'+, S
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
(.)4 Hho is sitting "etween P and S:
'), 9
'., 9 and !
'+, !
'/, &ata inade6ate
'5, !one of these
@
(.)) <ow many persons are sitting "etween ( and
S:
'), two
'., three
'+, for
'/, two or three
'5, !one of these
(.). Hho is sitting "etween T and >:
'), 9
'., !
'+, ( and P
'/, &ata inade6ate
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.)+*.4,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions. Eight
family mem"ers@ 8iJ -@ 2@ C@ &@ E@ 7@ % and < are
sitting arond a circlar ta"le@ facing the centre "t
not necessarily in the same order.
a 7@ the wife of &@ is sitting third to the right of C.
a - is the son of <. - is sitting second to the left of &.
& is an immediate neigh"or of neither 7 nor C. !o
male is an immediate neigh"or of &.
a % sits second to the left of &Ks son. Enly two
persons sit "etween < and -Ks "rother. !either C nor
& is the "rother of -.
a &Ks son and the wife of &Ks son are immediate
neigh"ors of each other.
a 7 is the mother of < and is an immediate neigh"or
of neither 2 nor %.
a % is the sister of E.
(RBI 5rade 6B7 O%i#er7s Exam 2011)
(.)+ Hho among the following is &Ks son:
'), E
'., %
'+, -
'/, =
'5, Cannot "e determined
(.)/ Hho sits second to the left of %:
'), -Ks "rother
'., %Ks mother
'+, &
'/, =Ks father
'5, -Ks ant
(.)5 <ow many people sit "etween - and his
"rother:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, 7or
(.)0 Hho among the following sits exactly
"etween < and 7:
'), &Ks wife
'., &Ks son
'+, C
'/, =
'5, -
(.)1 Hho among the following is the "rother of -:
'), E
'., %
'+, -
'/, 2
'5, Cannot "e determined
(.)2 =ased on the gi8en arrangement how is -
related to &:
'), %randfather
'., Son
'+, %randson
'/, &aghter*in*law
'5, Cannot "e determined
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )4+
(.)3 7or of the following f8e are alike in a certain way "ased on the
gi8en arrangement and so form a grop.
Hhich is the one that does not "elong to that grop:
'), =
'., C
'+, <
'/, %
'5, 7
(..4 Hhich of the following statements regarding < is defnitely
correct:
'), < is a male
'., < is the cosin of C
'+, =oth the immediate neigh"ors of <a are males
'/, < is the daghter*in*law of &
'5, < is the father of -.
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
)4/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
) '/,
. '+,
+ '+,
/ '.,
5 '),
0 '.,
1 '),
2 '.,
3 '),
)4 '.,
)) '+,
). '/,
)+ '/,
)/ '),
)5 '+,
)0 '+,
)1 '5,
)2 '.,
)3 '/,
.4 '/,
) '/,
. '),
+ '.,
/ '+,
5 '5,
0 '5,
1 '5,
2 '5,
3 '+,
)4 '+,
)) '/,
). '5,
)+ '/,
)/ '.,
)5 '.,
)0 '5,
)1 '),
)2 '+,
)3 '),
.4 '+,
-rrangement Dinear \ Circlar
Practice Set * ) '-nswers,
-rrangement Dinear \ Circlar
Practice Set * . '-nswers,
-rrangements: Dinear \ Circlar
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )45
PJJle Test
Chapter: PJJle Test
In the chapter of pJJle test we get 6estions in the form of pJJles.
=roadly there are f8e types of 6estions
in this topic.
The pro"lems can "e classifed into the following
'), Classifcations or categoriJation
'., (estions "ased on "lood relation
'+, Seating and placing arrangements
'/, Comparison type test
'5, Se6ential order of things
'0, Selections "ased on certain gi8en pre*conditions
). Classifcation or CategoriJation
In this type of test@ the 6estions are "ased pon the gi8en data
"elonging to di#erent grops or possessing di#erent
6alities. Go wold "e spposed to analyse data "y placing the
di#erent items or concepts in di#erent categories with
the help of gi8en information. These pro"lems can "e easily sol8ed
"y constrcting a proper ta"le or chart.
9ead the 6estion careflly "y keeping in mind e8ery point or detail.
It will take a few seconds. -fter reading the
6estion@ yo will get the general idea as to what the general theme
of the pro"lem is. &etermine the seflness of
each of the information and classify all the information into 'P,
-ctal information '(, Bsefl secondary information and
fnally '9, !egati8e information.
9efer to example gi8en "elow:
Example:* 9ead the following information careflly and answer the
6estions that follow.
There are six places P@ (@ 9@ S@ T and B. There are exactly two district
parks@ two shopping malls and two
amsement parks.
P is not a district park.
( and T are not shopping malls.
S is not an amsement park.
P and S are not shopping malls.
P and ( are not alike.
'), Hhich two cities are amsement parks:
'a, P and (
'", T and P
'c, 9 and S
'd, ( and B
'e, P and S
'., Hhich two cities are shopping malls:
a, P and C
'", ( and B
'c, 9 and B
)40 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'd, ( and T
'e, P and S
'+, Hhich two cities are district parks:
'a, P and (
'", 9 and P
'c, ( and S
'd, P and B
'e, !one of these
'/, Hhich two cities are neither shopping malls nor district parks:
'a, P and (
'", P and T
'c, B and 9
'd, ( and S
'e, !one of these
&etailed Explanation :
Step I: The informationKs can "e analysed in the following manner.
P ( 9 S T B
Shopping mall
-msement park
&istrict Park
Step II: In the a"o8e*mentioned example@ we see that frst and last
sentences ha8e sefl secondary information
whereas all the remaining has negati8e information. =y stdying the
second@ third@ forth and ffth sentences
we pt c mark.
He can o"ser8e that a"o8e ta"le gi8es some defnite information
a"ot P and S. P is neither a shopping
mall nor a district park. It is@ therefore@ an amsement park. In the
same way@ S is neither shopping mall nor
amsement park so it mst "e a district park. He can mark at the
appropriate places.
P ( 9 S T B
Shopping mall x x x x
-msement park x
&istrict Park x
Step III: 7inally we come to sefl secondary information and
negati8e information@ for instance P and ( are not
alike. This means that ( is not an amsement park. -s ( is not a
shopping mall@ so it mst "e a district
park. <ence@ the ta"le will look like this:
P ( 9 S T B
Shopping mall x x x x
-msement park x x
&istrict Park x
<ere in the example@ there is no negati8e information a"ot 9 and B
and partly a"ot T. He can assre that 9 and B
are district parks@ amsement park and shopping malls and T is
amsement park as well as district park
.
PJJle Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )41
PJJle Test
Step I$: !ow in the 6estion it is gi8en that there are exactly two
district parks@ two shopping malls and two
amsement parks. He know the two district parks i.e. ( \ S@ so we
pt a c sign on others and then T has
to "e amsement park. Then we ha8e the two amsement parks i.e. P
and T@ so we pt a c sign on others.
The ta"le will look like this:
P ( 9 S T B
Shopping mall x x x x
-msement park x x x x
&istrict Park x x x x
!ow@ B and 9 ha8e to "e Shopping >alls. <ence@ or fnal ta"le is as
"elow:
P ( 9 S T B
Shopping mall x x x x
-msement park x x x x
&istrict Park x x x x
En the "asis of a"o8e ta"le@ the answers can "e drawn.
). '", P \ T
.. 'c, 9 \ B
+. 'c, ( \ S
/. '", P \ T
.. Comparison Type Test
In sch type of 6estions@ comparison of di#erent o"Lects or persons
has to "e made with respect to one or more
6alities. The candidates are re6ired to analyse the information
and form either ascending or descending se6ence.
There may "e comparison of heights@ marks and age etc.
This can "e illstrated throgh the gi8en example:
Example:* 9ead the information gi8en "elow and answer the
6estions that follow:
i. There is a grop of f8e "oys.
ii. 9ohit is second in height "t yonger than 9ahl.
iii. Dalit is taller than Pradeep "t yonger in age.
i8. 9ahl and Pradeep are of the same age "t 9ahl is tallest among
them.
8. SanLay is taller than Dalit and elder to 9ahl.
'), If they are arranged in the ascending order of height who will "e
in third position:
'a, Pradeep
'", 9ahl
'c, 9ohit
'd, SanLayg
'e, &ata inade6ate
'., Hho is the yongest person in the grop:
'a, Pradeep
'", ?amini
'c, Pradeep
'd, 9ohit
)42 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'e, &ata Ina6ate
'+, To answer the 6estions@ _Hho is the yongest person in grop`@
which of the gi8en statements is sper]os:
'a, Enly 'i,
'", Enly 'ii,
'c, Enly '8,
'd, Either 'i, or 'i8,
'e, !one of these
-nswers with Explanation:
He ha8e to determine the se6ence of height as well as se6ence of
age.
=y 'iii,@ He ha8e Pradeep h Dalit
=y '8,@ He ha8e Dalit h SanLay
It is clear that 9ahl is the tallest and 9ohit is second in height.
<ence@ the se6ence of height is
Pradeep h Dalit h SanLay h 9ohit h 9ahl
7or -ge se6ence
=y 'ii, we ha8e 9ohit h 9ahl
'iii, we ha8e Dalit h Pradeep
'i8, we ha8e 9ahl M Pradeep
'8, we ha8e 9ahl h SanLay
There are two possi"ilities
I is SanLay h 9 M Pradeep h 9ohit h Dalit
II is SanLay h 9 M Pradeep h Dalit h 9ohit
). 'd, Clearly@ in the increasing order of height SanLay is in third
position.
.. 'd, Clearly@ in the descending order of ages@ 9ohit is the yongest
person.
+. 'a, Clearly I statement is not necessary.
+. Selection =ased on Certain %i8en Pre*conditions
This type of 6estion is sol8ed "y keeping in mind 8arios gi8en pre*
conditions and a few essential criteria for
selection of grop items. The candidate has to make the re6ired
selection as per the directions gi8en in each
6estion. The "est way to sol8e these 6estions is throgh the
options.
Example:*
&irections: '(. ) to 5,
Stdy the following information careflly and answer the 6estions
"elow.
- team of f8e is to "e selected from amongst f8e "oys P@ (@ 9@ S and
T and for girls -@ =@ C@ and &. Some criteria for
selection are:
I. P and & ha8e to "e together
II. - cannot "e pt with C
III. S and = cannot go together
I$. 9 and T ha8e to "e together
$. C cannot "e pt with (
'), If two of the mem"ers ha8e to "e "oys@ the team will consist of:*
'a, P(&P=
'", PS&=C
'c, (S&C=
PJJle Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )43
PJJle Test
Step I$: !ow in the 6estion it is gi8en that there are exactly two
district parks@ two shopping malls and two
amsement parks. He know the two district parks i.e. ( \ S@ so we
pt a c sign on others and then T has
to "e amsement park. Then we ha8e the two amsement parks i.e. P
and T@ so we pt a c sign on others.
The ta"le will look like this:
P ( 9 S T B
Shopping mall x x x x
-msement park x x x x
&istrict Park x x x x
!ow@ B and 9 ha8e to "e Shopping >alls. <ence@ or fnal ta"le is as
"elow:
P ( 9 S T B
Shopping mall x x x x
-msement park x x x x
&istrict Park x x x x
En the "asis of a"o8e ta"le@ the answers can "e drawn.
). '", P \ T
.. 'c, 9 \ B
+. 'c, ( \ S
/. '", P \ T
.. Comparison Type Test
In sch type of 6estions@ comparison of di#erent o"Lects or persons
has to "e made with respect to one or more
6alities. The candidates are re6ired to analyse the information
and form either ascending or descending se6ence.
There may "e comparison of heights@ marks and age etc.
This can "e illstrated throgh the gi8en example:
Example:* 9ead the information gi8en "elow and answer the
6estions that follow:
i. There is a grop of f8e "oys.
ii. 9ohit is second in height "t yonger than 9ahl.
iii. Dalit is taller than Pradeep "t yonger in age.
i8. 9ahl and Pradeep are of the same age "t 9ahl is tallest among
them.
8. SanLay is taller than Dalit and elder to 9ahl.
'), If they are arranged in the ascending order of height who will "e
in third position:
'a, Pradeep
'", 9ahl
'c, 9ohit
'd, SanLayg
'e, &ata inade6ate
'., Hho is the yongest person in the grop:
'a, Pradeep
'", ?amini
'c, Pradeep
'd, 9ohit
))4 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'e, &ata Ina6ate
'+, To answer the 6estions@ _Hho is the yongest person in grop`@
which of the gi8en statements is sper]os:
'a, Enly 'i,
'", Enly 'ii,
'c, Enly '8,
'd, Either 'i, or 'i8,
'e, !one of these
-nswers with Explanation:
He ha8e to determine the se6ence of height as well as se6ence of
age.
=y 'iii,@ He ha8e Pradeep h Dalit
=y '8,@ He ha8e Dalit h SanLay
It is clear that 9ahl is the tallest and 9ohit is second in height.
<ence@ the se6ence of height is
Pradeep h Dalit h SanLay h 9ohit h 9ahl
7or -ge se6ence
=y 'ii, we ha8e 9ohit h 9ahl
'iii, we ha8e Dalit h Pradeep
'i8, we ha8e 9ahl M Pradeep
'8, we ha8e 9ahl h SanLay
There are two possi"ilities
I is SanLay h 9 M Pradeep h 9ohit h Dalit
II is SanLay h 9 M Pradeep h Dalit h 9ohit
). 'd, Clearly@ in the increasing order of height SanLay is in third
position.
.. 'd, Clearly@ in the descending order of ages@ 9ohit is the yongest
person.
+. 'a, Clearly I statement is not necessary.
+. Selection =ased on Certain %i8en Pre*conditions
This type of 6estion is sol8ed "y keeping in mind 8arios gi8en pre*
conditions and a few essential criteria for
selection of grop items. The candidate has to make the re6ired
selection as per the directions gi8en in each
6estion. The "est way to sol8e these 6estions is throgh the
options.
Example:*
&irections: '(. ) to 5,
Stdy the following information careflly and answer the 6estions
"elow.
- team of f8e is to "e selected from amongst f8e "oys P@ (@ 9@ S and
T and for girls -@ =@ C@ and &. Some criteria for
selection are:
I. P and & ha8e to "e together
II. - cannot "e pt with C
III. S and = cannot go together
I$. 9 and T ha8e to "e together
$. C cannot "e pt with (
'), If two of the mem"ers ha8e to "e "oys@ the team will consist of:*
'a, P(&P=
'", PS&=C
'c, (S&C=
PJJle Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )))
PJJle Test
'd, 9T&-=
'., If C "e one of the mem"ers@ the other mem"ers of the team are:*
'a, -&PS
'", =&PS
'c, =&9T
'd, &P9T
'+, If two of the mem"ers are girls and S is one of the mem"ers@ the
mem"ers of the team other than S are:*
'a, -=(9
'", -=9T
'c, -&P(
'd, -&9T
'/, If P and 9 are the mem"ers@ the other mem"ers of the team
cannot "e:*
'a, (T&
'", ST&
'c, T&-
'd, -=T
'5, If inclding - at least three mem"ers are girls@ the mem"ers of
the team other than - are:*
'a, =&P(
'", =&(S
'c, =&9T
'd, C&PS
-nswers with Explanation :*
). '-, If - is selected natrally S has to "e selected.
If = is selected 9 cannot "e selected.
If & is selected ( cannot "e selected.
So@ the options -&S(9 and (& are wrong and 9T&C= is not possi"le
"ecase & has to "e accompanied with P.
.. '&, If C is selected - cannot "e selected@ therefore option -&PS is
wrong.
S and = cannot go together. So@ =&PS is wrong.
S and P ha8e to "e together. So@ =&9T is wrong. !ow@ the team
com"ination will "e &P9T.
+. 'C, If S is selected = cannot "e selected. therefore -=(9 and
-=9T are not correct. & and P ha8e to "e always
together.
Therefore@ -&9T is wrong.
/. '&, If P and 9 are the mem"ers@ & and T ha8e to "e selected.
Therefore@ option '&, -=T is not the correct com"ination.
5. '-,
)). I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Sol8ed Examples 'PJJle Test,
&irections '(.)*2, Stdy the following information
careflly to answer the gi8en 6estions:
Eight persons from di#erent "anks 8iJ. BCE "ank@
Syndicate "ank@ Canara "ank@ P!=@ &ena =ank@
Eriental =ank of Commerce@ Indian "ank and =ank of
>aharashtra are silting in two parallel rows containing
for people each@ in sch a way that there is an e6al
distance "etween adLacent persons. In row*) -@ =@ C
and & are seated and all of them are facing soth. In
row*. P@ (@ 9and S are seated and all of them are facing
north. Therefore@ in the gi8en seating arrangement each
mem"er seated in a row faces another mem"er of the
other row. '-ll the information gi8en a"o8e does not
necessarily represent the order of seating as in the fnal
arrangement,
a C sits second to right of the person from =ank
of >aharashtra. 9 is an immediate neigh"or of
the person who faces the person from =ank of
>aharashtra.
a Enly one person sits "etween 9 and the person for
P!=. Immediate neigh"or of the person from P!=
faces the person from Canara =ank.
a The person from BCE "ank faces the person from
Eriental =ank of Commerce. 9 is not from Eriental
=ank of Commerce. P is not from P!=. P does not
face the person from =ank of >aharashtra.
a ( faces the person from &ena "ank. The one who
faces S sits to the immediate left of -.
a = does not sit at any of the extreme ends of the
line. The person from =ank of >aharashtra does not
face the person from Syndicate "ank.
(IBPS C,E PO()* 2012)
(.) Hhich of the following is tre regarding -:
'), C The person from BCE "ank faces -
'., The person from =ank of >aharashtra is an
immediate neigh"or of -
'+, - faces the person who sits second to right of 9
'/, - is from Eriental =ank of Commerce
'5, - sits at one of the extreme ends of the line
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
(.. Hho is seated "etween 9 and the person from
P!=:
'), The person from Eriental =ank of Commerce
'., P
'+, (
'/, The person from Syndicate "ank
'5, S
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
(.+ Hho amongst the following sit at extreme ends
of the rows:
'), & and the person from P!=
'., The person from Indian "ank and BCE "ank
'+, The person from &ena "ank and P
'/, The persons from Syndicate "ank and &.
'5, C@ (
-nswer: '/,
PJJle Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ))+
PJJle Test
Soltion:
(./ Hho amongst the following faces the person
from =ank of >aharashtra:
'), The person from Indian "ank
'., P
'+, 9
'/, The person from Syndicate "ank
'5, The person from Canara "ank
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
(.5 P is related to &ena "ank in the same wayas
= is related to P!= "ased on the gi8en
arrangement. who amongst the following is &
related to@ following the same pattern:
'), Syndicate "ank
'., Canara "ank
'+, =ank of >aharashtra
'/, Indian "ank
'5, Eriental =ank of Commerce
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
(.0 7or of the following f8e are alike in a certain
way "ased on the gi8en seating arrangement
and ths form a grop. Hhich is the one that
does not "elong to that grop:
'), Canara "ank
'., 9
'+, Syndicate "ank
'/, (
'5, Eriental =ank of Commerce
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
Except (@ all are at the end of a row.
(.1 Hho amongst the following is from Syndicate
"ank:
'), C
'., 9
'+, P
'/, &
'5, -
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
(.2 C is from which of the following "anks:
'), &ena "ank
'., Eriental =ank of Commerce
'+, BCE "ank
'/, Syndicate "ank
'5, Canara "ank
-nswer: '5,
))/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Soltion:
&irections '3*)4, Stdy the following information to
answer the gi8en 6estions:
In a f8e letter English word 'which may or may not "e a
meaningfl English word,@ there are two letters "etween
Dand P. S is not placed immediately next to D. There is
only one letter "etween S and -. S is towards the right
of -. S is not placed immediately next to E.
(IBPS Common ,ritten Exam PO()* 2011)
(.3 Hhich of the following is correct with respect
to the word ths formed:
'), E is at one of the extreme ends of the word
'., P is not placed immediately next to -
'+, There are two letters "etween - and E in the word
ths formed
'/, P is placed second to the right of E
'5, !one is correct
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
Detters 5 D@ P@ S@ -@ E
Dee eeP ee
Dee ee P ee
Dee ee P S
Dee - P -
D E - P S
7rom the statement gi8en in the 6estion _S is towards
the right of - _ there is only one possi"le arrangement@
which is D E - P S
(.)4 Hhich of the following words will "e formed
"ased on the gi8en conditions:
'), SP-ED
'., PE-DS
'+, DE-PS
'/, SEP-D
'5, D-PSE
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Detters 5 D@ P@ S@ -@ E
Dee eeP ee
Dee ee P ee
Dee ee P S
Dee - P -
D E - P S
7rom the statement gi8en in the 6estion _S is towards
the right of -_ there is only one possi"le arrangement@
which is D E - P S
&irections '(.))*)5,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow.
P@ (@ 9@ S@ T@ $@ Hand F are going to three destinations
&elhi@ Chennai and <ydera"ad in three di#erent 8ehicles
* <onda City@ Swift &K Fire and 7ord Ikon. There are
three females among them*one in each car. There are
at least two persons in each car.
9 is not tra8elling with ( and H. T@ a male@ is tra8elling
with only F and they are not going to Chennai. P is
tra8elling in <onda City and is going to <ydera"ad. S is
the sister of P and is tra8elling "y 7ord Ikon. $ and 9 are
tra8elling together. H is not going to Chennai.
(.)) >em"ers of which of the following cars are
going to Chennai:
'), <onda City
'., Swift &K Fire
'+, 7ord Ikon
'/, Either Swift &KFire or 7ord Ikon
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
En the "asis of information gi8en in the 6estion@ we
can ha8e the following ta"le
Person Sex $ehicle &estination
P >ale <onda City <ydera"ad
( >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
9 >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
S 7emale 7ord Ikon Chennai
T >ale Swift &KFire &elhi
$ >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
H >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
F 7emale Swift &KFire &elhi
(.). In which car are for mem"ers tra8elling:
'), !one
'., <onda City
'+, Swift &K Fire
'/, 7ord Ikon
'5, Either <onda City or 7ord Ikon
-nswer: '),
PJJle Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ))5
PJJle Test
Soltion:
En the "asis of information gi8en in the 6estion@ we
can ha8e the following ta"le
Person Sex $ehicle &estination
P >ale <onda City <ydera"ad
( >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
9 >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
S 7emale 7ord Ikon Chennai
T >ale Swift &KFire &elhi
$ >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
H >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
F 7emale Swift &KFire &elhi
(.)+ Hhich of the following com"inations
represents the three female mem"ers:
'), (SF
'., HSF
'+, PSF
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
En the "asis of information gi8en in the 6estion@ we
can ha8e the following ta"le
Person Sex $ehicle &estination
P >ale <onda City <ydera"ad
( >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
9 >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
S 7emale 7ord Ikon Chennai
T >ale Swift &KFire &elhi
$ >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
H >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
F 7emale Swift &KFire &elhi
(.)/ Hho is tra8elling with H:
'), Enly (
'., Enly P
'+, =oth P and (
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
En the "asis of information gi8en in the 6estion@ we
can ha8e the following ta"le
Person Sex $ehicle &estination
P >ale <onda City <ydera"ad
( >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
9 >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
S 7emale 7ord Ikon Chennai
T >ale Swift &KFire &elhi
$ >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
H >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
F 7emale Swift &KFire &elhi
(.)5 >em"ers of which of the following
com"inations are tra8elling in <onda City:
'), P9S
'., P(H
'+, PHS
'/, &ata inade6ate
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
En the "asis of information gi8en in the 6estion@ we
can ha8e the following ta"le
Person Sex $ehicle &estination
P >ale <onda City <ydera"ad
( >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
9 >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
S 7emale 7ord Ikon Chennai
T >ale Swift &KFire &elhi
$ >ale 7ord Ikon Chennai
H >ale[7emale <onda City <ydera"ad
F 7emale Swift &KFire &elhi
))0 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Practice Set ) * 'PJJle Test,
&irections '(.)*3,: Stdy the information gi8en
"elow and answer the gi8en 6estions.
!ine people@ -@ =@ C@ &@ E@ 7@ %@ < and C stay in a
"ilding@ "t not necessarily in the same order@ The
"ilding has nine ]oors and only one person stays on
one ]oor. -ll of them own one car each@ and each car is
of a di#erent color@ ie "le@ grey@ white@ "lack@ yellow@
green@ red@ orange and pink@ "t not necessarily in the
same order@ The grond ]oor is nm"ered )@ the ]oor
a"o8e it is nm"ered .@ and so on@ and the topmost
]oor is nm"ered 3@ < owns a "lack*colored car and
stays on an e8en* nm"ered ]oor. - stays on any e8ennm"ered
]oor "elow the ]oor on which < stays. The
one who owns an orange colored car stays on the
forth ]oor. E stays on the second ]oor and owns a
white*colored car. The one who owns a pink*colored
car stays on the third ]oor. - does not own a greencolored
car. There are two ]oors "etween the ]oors
on which the people owning the red and the "lackcolored
cars stay. C owns a grey*colored car. There
are three ]oors "etween the ]oors on which C and %
stay. & stays on a ]oor immediately a"o8e CKs ]oor.
There is one ]oor "etween the ]oors on which 7 and
% stay. 7 does not own the pink* colored car@ The one
who owns the "le car stays on the top most ]oor. 7
does not stay on the grond ]oor.
'IBPS RRB 5roup & o%i#ers Exam 2012)
(.) Hho amongst the following owns the greencolored
car
'), &
'., C
'+, %
'/, 7
'5, !one of these
(.. Hho amongst the following stays on the
topmost ]oor:
'), 7
'., %
'+, &
'/, C
'5, !one of these
(.+ - owns a car of which of the following colors:
'), Erange
'., Pink
'+, Gellow
'/, =le
'5, !one of these
(./ Hho stays on the ]oor which is exactly
"etween the ]oor on which < stays and the
]oor on which - stays:
'), =
'., %
'+, C
'/, 7
'5, !one of these
(.5 <ow many ]oors are there "etween the ]oor
on which C stays and the ]oor on which C
stays:
'), Ene
'., Two
'+, !one
'/, Three
'5, >ore than three
(.0 Hhich of the following is tre as per the gi8en
information:
'), = stays on a ]oor immediately "elow the ]oor on
which < stays.
'., % stays on a ]oor immediately a"o8e the ]oor on
which - stays.
'+, 7 stays on the eighth ]oor.
'/, & owns the orange*colored car.
'5, !one is tre
(.1 En which of the following ]oors does % stay:
'), )st
'., 0th
'+, 5th
'/, 1th
'5, !one of these
(.2 = is related to C in the same way as < is
related to E as per the gi8en information@
PJJle Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ))1
PJJle Test
7ollowing the same pattern@ 7 is related to
which of the following:
'), C
'., &
'+, -
'/, %
'5, !one of these
(.3 Hhat is the color of the car of the person who
stays on the grond ]oor:
'), 9ed
'., %reen
'+, Gellow
'/, %rey
'5, !one of these
&irection: ')4*)/, Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
-@ =@ C@ &@ E@ 7@ % and < are eight friends tra8elling in
three di#erent cars@ 8iJ A@ G and F@ with at least two in
one car to three di#erent places@ 8iJ. &elhi@ Chandigarh
and -gra.
There is at least one female mem"er in each car. & is
tra8elling with % to &elhi "t not in car G. - is tra8elling
with only < in car F "t not to Chandigarh. C is not
tra8elling with either & or E. 7 and & are stdying in the
same only girlsK college. <@ = and % are stdying in the
same only "oysK college.
(IBPS C,E Spe#ia!ist o%i#ers 2012)
(.)4 Hhich of the following represents the grop
of females:
'), 7@ C@ -
'., 7@ %@ -
'+, &@ C@ -
'/, &ata inade6ate
'5, !one of these
(.)) Hhich of the following com"inations is correct:
'), &elhi*A*C
'., Chandigarh*A*7
'+, -gra*F*E
'/, &elhi*G*E
'5, !one of these
(.). Hhich of the following cars is carrying for
people:
'), Either A or F
'., G
'+, Either A or G
'/, F
'5, !one of these
(.)+ In which of the following cars is C tra8elling:
'), A
'., G
'+, F
'/, Either A or G
'5, &ata inade6ate
(.)/ Hhich of the following cars is carrying people
to Chandigarh:
'), G
'., A
'+, Either A or G
'/, &ata inade6ate
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.)5 *)3,: Stdy the following information
to answer the gi8en 6estions:
Each of the se8en plays 8iJ P@ (@ 9@ S@ T@ $ and H are
schedled to "e staged on a di#erent day of a week
starting from >onday and ending on Snday of the
same week. Play $ is schedled on Thrsday. Two plays
are schedled to "e held "etween Play $ and Play P@
Enly one play is schedled "etween Play T and Play S@
Play T is not schedled on the days immediately "efore
or immediately after the day when Play $ is schedled.
Play 9 is schedled the day immediately "efore the
day when Play H is schedled. Play S is not schedled
after Play (. (Corporation Bank PO Exam 2011,
(.)5 <ow many plays are schedled to "e staged
"etween Play 9 and Play S:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, 7or
(.)0 Hhich of the following plays is schedled on
Satrday:
'), (
'., H
'+, 9
'/, S
'5, T
(.)1 9 is related to S in a certain way. In the same
way P is related to $ "ased on the gi8en
schedle. Hhich of the following is H related
to following the same pattern:
'), P
'., (
))2 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
'+, 9
'/, T
'5, Cannot "e determined
(.)2 En which of the following days is Play H schedled:
'), >onday
'., Tesday
'+, Hednesday
'/, Satrday
'5, Cannot "e determined
(.)3 Hhich of the following plays is schedled on 7riday:
'), 9
'., T
'+, (
'/, H
'5, S
PJJle Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ))3
PJJle Test
&irections '(.)*1,: Stdy the following information
to answer the gi8en 6estions:
P@ (@ 9@ S@ T@ $ and Hare sitting in a straight line facing
north. Each of them li8es on a di#erent ]oor in the same
"ilding which is nm"ered from one to se8en.
( sits forth to the left of the person li8ing on the 0th
]oor. Either ( or the person li8ing on the 0th ]oor sits
at the extreme ends of the line.
Enly one person sits "etween ( and H. H li8es on the
+rd ]oor. The person li8ing on the )st ]oor sits third to
right of S. S is not an immediate neigh"or of H. Enly
one person li8es "etween T and the person who li8es
on the .nd ]oor.
P and 9 are immediate neigh"ors of each other. P
does not li8e on the 0th ]oor. Ene who li8es on the 5th
]oor sits third to right of the one who li8es on the 1th
]oor. (Indian Overseas Bank PO Exam 2011)
(.) Hho amongst the following li8es on the /th
]oor:
'), EP
'., (
'+, 9
'/, S
'5, $
(.. En which of the following ]oors does T li8e:
'), )st
'., .nd
'+, 5th
'/, 0th
'5, 1th
(.+ <ow many ]oors are there "etween the ]oors
on which $ and P li8e:
'), Ene
'., Two
'+, Three
'/, 7or
'5, !one
&irections '(. /*5,: 7or of the following f8e are alike
in a certain way "ased on the gi8en arrangement
and ths form a grop. Hhich is the one that does
not "elong to that grop:
(./
'), H
'., T
'+, S
'/, P
'5, (
(.5
'), T*.nd ]oor
'., 9*1th ]oor
'+, $*+rd ]oor
'/, S*5th ]oor
'5, (*0th ]oor
(.0 Hhich of the following is tre with respect to
the gi8en arrangement:
'), The one who li8es on the 5th ]oor is an immediate
neigh"or of S.
'., $ li8es on the )st ]oor.
'+, T sits second to the left of the person who li8es
on the .nd ]oor.
'/, 9 and $ are immediate neigh"ors of each other.
'5, The one who li8es on the /th ]oor sits at one of
the extreme ends of the line.
(.1 If all the persons are made to li8e in
alpha"etical order from the "ottom*most ]oor
to the topmost ]oor 'ie P li8es on the )st ]oor@
( li8es on the .nd ]oor and fnally H li8es on
the 1th ]oor,@ who wold still li8e on the same
]oor as the original arrangement:
'), 9
'., $
'+, H
'/, T
'5, S
&irections '(.2*).,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the gi8en 6estions.
'i, 7i8e topics@ -@ =@ C@ & and E are to "e discssed@
one topic on each day@ from >onday to Satrday.
'ii, Topic - will "e discssed "efore E and topic = will
Practice Set . * 'PJJle Test,
).4 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
"e discssed "efore &.
'iii, Topics =and & will not "e discssed*on the frst day.
'i8, There will "e one rest day denoted "y 7.
'8, There will "e a gap of two days "etween the
days on which topics & and = will "e
discssed.
'8i, Topic C will "e discssed immediately "efore the
ret day. The rest day will not "e the second or the
forth day.
(&nd'ra Bank PO Exam 2011)
(.2 Hhich of the following is the@ correct se6ence
of the discssion on the topics inclding the
rest day I7K:
'), -E=7C&
'., -=EC7&.
'+, -E=C7&
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
(.3 Hhich of the following is a correct statement:
'), Topic - wiII "e discssed on Tesday.
'., &iscssion on topic C will "e immediately
preceded "y discssion on topic =.
'+, &iscssion on topic = will take place "efore that
on -.
'/, Thrsday is the rest day.
'5, !one of these
(.)4 En which of the following days will the topic
C "e discssed:
'), Tesday
'., Hednesday
'+, 7riday
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
(.)) <ow many daysK gap will "e there "etween
the days on which topics E and = will "e
discssed:
'), !il
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, !one of these
(.). Hith reference to -@ the discssion on topic E
will take placeeee.
'), immediately on the next day
'., after a dayKs gap
'+, after three days
'/, Cannot "e determined
'5, !one of these
&irections '(.)+*)3,: Stdy the following information
to answer the gi8en 6estions.
Eight people@ 8iJ -@ =@ C@ &@ E@ 7@ % and < are sitting in
a straight line facing !orth. Each of them has passed
a the recritment exam and mst Loin the o#ice in
di#erent months@ 8iJ Canary@ 7e"rary@ >arch@ -pril@
>ay@ Cne@ Cly and -gst "t not necessarily in the
same order.
a % sits third to the right of the person who Loins in
>ay. The person who Loins in -gst sits second
to the right of %. - and E are immediate neigh"ors
of each other. !either - nor E has Loining dates in
either >ayor -gst. !either - nor*E is an
immediate neigh"or of %.
a < sits third to the right of the person whose Loining
date is in Canary. !either - nor E has Loining dates
in Canary. <Ks Loining date IS not in -gst.
a Enly two people sit "etween E and the person
whose Loining date is in Cly. The person whose
Loining date is in 7e"rary sits on the immediate left
of &.
a Enly one person sits "etween E and =. C Loins
"efore Cly. E Loins after -pril. % Loins after -.
(.)+ In which of the following months does < Loin
the o#ice:
'), -pril
'., Cne
'+, Cly
'/, 7e"rary
'5, >arch
(.)/ Hho among the following sits exactly
"etween E and =:
'), The person whose Loining date is in >ay
'., The person whose Loining date is in Canary
'+, &
'/, -
'5, The person whose Loining date is in -gst
(.)5 I<K is related to IClyK in a certain way "ased
on the a"o8e arrangement. I=K is related toK
CneK following the same pattern. IeeeK is
related to I>ayK following the same pattern.
'), 7
'., %
'+, -
'/, &
'5, C
PJJle Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ).)
PJJle Test
(.)0 Hhich of the following is tre regarding &:
'), Enly two people sit to the left of &.
'., & is sitting second to the right of the person whose Loining date
is in Cly.
'+, E and = are immediate neigh"ors of &.
'/, &Ks Loining date is in >ay.
'5, !one is tre
(.)1 Hho among the following has Loining date in Cne:
'), 7
'., E
'+, %
'/, &
'5, C
(.)2 <ow many people sit "etween C and the person whose Loining
date is in -pril:
'), !one
'., Ene
'+, Two
'/, Three
'5, 7or
(.)3 Hho among the following are sitting at extreme ends of the
line:
'), - and the person whose Loining date is in -gst
'., The person whose Loining date is in >ay and E
'+, C and %
'/, The persons whose Loining dates are in >arch and Cne
'5, !one of these
).. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
PJJle Test
) '/,
. '5,
+ '+,
/ '/,
5 '),
0 '/,
1 '+,
2 '),
3 '/,
)4 '/,
)) '5,
). '5,
)+ '.,
)/ '),
)5 '+,
)0 '),
)1 '.,
)2 '+,
)3 '5,
PJJle Test Practice Set * ) '-nswers, PJJle Test Practice Set * .
'-nswers,
) '/,
. '),
+ '.,
/ '+,
5 '5,
0 '5,
1 '5,
2 '+,
3 '.,
)4 '5,
)) '),
). '),
)+ '/,
)/ '),
)5 '),
)0 '5,
)1 '.,
)2 '+,
)3 '),
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ).+
Eligi"ility Test
Chapter: Eligi"ility Test
This topic deals with 6estions in which yo ha8e to decide pon the
corse of actions to "e taken pon a candidate
who has applied for a 8acancy or allotment or mem"ership to an
instittion. It is an indispensa"le process in oneKs
personal and o#icial life. - decision is the fnal otcome of the
process of e8alating and analyJing the gi8en data.
Systematic analysis of facts and fgres redces the chances of
inaccracy and ensres speedy decision*making.
Stdents are re6ired to match personal data of a candidate with the
conditions gi8en to select him[her to the Lo" or
admission. The decision a"ot each candidate has to "e made from
amongst the f8e choices named 'a,@ '",@ 'c,@ 'd,@
'e, which state the corses of actions to "e taken as per the
candidateKs potentials.
Examples ) to +: Stdy the following information careflly and
answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:*
7ollowing are the conditions for selecting -ssistant %eneral >anager
5 >arketing in an organiJation.
The Candidate mst:*
I. =e at least /4 years and not more than 54 years old as on ).5..4)4.
II. =e post gradate with at least 55 per cent maDDrks.
III. <a8e post 6alifcation work experience of at least ffteen years
ot of which at least f8e years as Senior
>anager 5 >arketing[Sales in an organiJation.
I$. <a8e sccessflly implemented >arketing system in his[her
organiJations some time dring the past three years..
$. <a8e secred at least /5 per cent marks in the selection process.
In the case of a candidate who satisfes all the conditions except at:*
'-, 'II, a"o8e "t has secred at least 54 per cent marks in post
gradation and at least 05 per cent marks in the
selections process@ the case is to "e referred to Execti8e &irector.
'=, 'III, a"o8e "t has at least twel8e years post 6alifcation work
experience ot of which at least eight years as
Senior >anager 5 >arketing[Sales in an organiJation@ the case is to
"e referred to Chairman.
In each 6estion "elow details of one candidate is gi8en. Go ha8e to
take one of the corses of actions "ased on the
information pro8ided and the conditions and s"*conditions gi8en
a"o8e and mark the nm"er of that corse of action
as yor answer. Go are not to assme anything other than the
information pro8ided in each 6estions. -ll these cases
are gi8en to yo as on ).5..4)4.
>ark yor answer as:*
'a, If the candidate is to "e selected
'", If the candidate is not to "e selected
'c, If the data pro8ided are not ade6ate to take a decision
'd, If the case is to "e referred to Execti8e &irector
'e, If the case is to "e referred to Chairman.
). 9atin ?ainth was "orn on )2th 7e"rary@ )302. <e has "een
working for the past eighteen years in an organiJation
ot of which last se8en years as Senior >anager 5 >arketing after
completing his post gradation with 52 per cent
marks. <e had sccessflly implemented >arketing System last year
in his organiJation. <e has secred 54
percent marks in the selection process.
.. >ana8 =dhiraLa has "een working in an organiJation for the past
thirteen years ot of which nine years as Senior
>anager 5 Sales after completing his post gradation with 02 per
cent marks. <e was "orn on Septem"er )5@
)./ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
)302. <e has secred /2 per cent marks in the selections process.
<e has sccessflly implemented
>arketing Systems in his organiJation two years "ack.
+. Priya Chadha was "orn on -pril 5@ )30/. She has "een working for
the past se8enteen years ot of which nine
years as Senior >anager 5 Sales in an organiJation. She has secred
52 per cent marks in the selection process.
She has also secred 0) per cent marks in post gradation. She has
sccessflly implemented >arketing System
inher organiJation last year.
-nswer with Explanation:
). 'a, 9atin ?ainth flfls all the conditions so he is to "e selected.
.. 'e, >ana8 =dhiraLa does not satisfy the condition III "t he
flflls the condition '=,@ so he shold "e referred to the
chairman.
+. 'a, Priya Chadha flfls all the conditions so she is to "e selected.
Eligi"ility Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ).5
Eligi"ility Test
Sol8ed Examples 'Eligi"ility Test,
&irections '(.)*)4,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions which follow:
(Punjab and Sind Bank P0 2011)
- 9esearch Institte is recriting a li"rarian to digitise its
information resorces among other dties. Candidates
mst possess the following criteria. The candidate mst
'I, "e not less than +5 years and not exceed /4 years
as on 4).))..443.
'II, ha8e a =achelorKs &egree in Di"rary and
Information Science with 05 per cent marks.
'III, ha8e a Ph& in Di"rary Science.
'I$, ha8e post 6alifcation experience of at least /
years in a Bni8ersity Di"rary.
<owe8er@ if the candidate flfls the a"o8e mentioned
criteria except
'-, 'II,@ "t has a B%C !ET certifcation with all
the other a"o8e criteria flflled@ he[she may "e
referred to the &ean.
'=, 'I$,@"t all the eligi"ility criteria are met and the
candidate has at least one yearKs experience
in a research institte@ he[she may "e
o#ered contractal appointment for a year.
=ased on the a"o8e criteria@ stdy careflly whether
the following candidates are eligi"le for the recritment
process and mark yor answer as follows. Go are not
to assme anything other than the information pro8ided
in each 6estion. -ll cases are gi8en to yo as on
).))..443.
>ark answer '), if he[she is to "e shortlisted.
>ark answer '., if he[she is not to "e shortlisted.
>ark answer '+, if he[she shold "e referred to the
&ean.
>ark answer '/, if he[she may "e o#ered contractal
appointment@ if re6ired.
>ark answer '5, if the data pro8ided is inade6ate to
take a decision.
(.) -nil 9ath has a doctorate in Di"rary
Science from ?arnataka Bni8ersity in .44+.
=orn on Cly .)@ )303@ he gradated in Di"rary
and Information Science from ?arnataka
Bni8ersity@ where he was -ssistant Di"rarian
for for years since .445.
-nswer: '.,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
(.. &r Samir =ali has a Ph& in Di"rary Science
and has "een with the Institte of 7ndamental
9esearch as -ssistant Di"rarian since Ecto"er
.442. <e gradated with a degree in Di"rary
and Information Science in )33/ at the age of
... <e o"tained 14 per cent in his gradation.
-nswer: '/,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
).0 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
percent@ &r > Pri has "een work.ing at
9anchi Bni8ersity for / years as &epty
Di"rarian. She earned her doctorate while
working for the Da"or 9esearch Institte for
5 years as -ssistant Di"rarian. She is +2 years
old as on the re6ired date.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
(.0 >egha $aidya has a gradate degree in Di"rary
Science from PnLa" Bni8ersity where she has
"een a li"rarian for the past 5 years. In .44.
she o"tained B%C !ET 6alifcation at the age
of .3. She o"tained 1. percent in gradation.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
(.1 -np %pta is o"taining his Ph& from GC>
Bni8ersityN where he has "een Cnior Di"rarian
(.+ $aishali Shetty has "een a li"rarian at STS
Bni8ersity since .441 when she 6alifed in@
the B%C !ET examination. She has a
degree in Di"rary and Information Science with
04 per cent. <er frst Lo" was as Lnior li"rarian
at T9P Institte of &e8elopment 9esearch from
Ecto"er .444 to &ecem"er .44).
-nswer: '.,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
(./ $i8ek Cha has a Ph& in Di"rary and Information
Science. <e gradated in Di"rary and
Information Science in )33. with 05 per
cent. <e was "orn ) ).)4.)31/. Since Cly
.445@ he has "een working as &epty Di"rarian
at a deemed Bni8ersity.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
(.5 - gradate in Di"rary Science with 03
Eligi"ility Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ).1
since .44/. <e 6alifed in the B%C !ET exam
in Cne .444. <e has a degree in Di"rary
and Information Science with 0. per cent. <is
date of "irth is )1.)4.)31+.
-nswer: '.,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
(.2 ?irti Shkla o"tained her doctorate and
=achelorKs degree from Patna Bni8ersity.
She o"tained 0+ per cent at gradation. She
o"tained her B%C !ET 6alifcation in )332
when she was .0.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
(.3 Prakash Sinha has "een a*li"rarian for a
go8ernment instittion for three years. Prior
to this@ he was a Bni8ersity Di"rarian for 1
years after completing his Ph& in Di"rary
Science. <e gradated in )33) with 02 per
cent in Di"rary Science. <e is exactly /4 years
of age on the specifed date.
-nswer: '),
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
(.)4 9ohan Sachde8 o"tained his B%C !ET
6alifcation after his gradation in )332
when he "egan working. <e has "een
-ssistant Di"rarian forK the past two years
with a research institte. <e o"tained 05
per cent in his gradation in Di"rary Science.
<e earned his Ph& in Di"rary Science in
.441. <is date of "irth is ...) 4.)31/.
-nswer: '/,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Candidate I II[ '-, III I$['=,
-nil c i i
Samir ',
$aishali i i c
$i8ek i
> Pri i
>egha i i
-np ', c i
?irti ', i i
Prakash
9ohan ',
&irections '(.))*.4,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
'Syndicate =ank 'PE, .4)4,
7ollowing are the conditions for selecting -ssistant
%eneral >anager*<9 in an organisation.
Eligi"ility Test
).2 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
The candidate mst
'i, "e at least /4 years and not more than 54 years old
as on 4)*45*.4)4.
'ii, "e postgradate in Personnel >anagement <9 with
at least 04 per cent marks.
'iii, ha8e post*6alifcation work experience of at least
ffteen years ot of which at least f8e years as
Senior >anager*<9 in an organisation.
'i8, ha8e sccessflly implemented <9*System in his[
her organisation some time dring the past three
years.
'8, ha8e secred at least /5 per cent marks in the
selection process.
In the case of a candidate who satisfes all the conditions
EACEPT at
'-, 'ii, a"o8e "t has secred at least 54 per cent
marks in postgradation and at least
05 per cent marks in the selection process. The
case is to "e referred to Execti8e &irector.
'=, 'iii, a"o8e "t has at least twel8e years post
6alifcation work experience ot of
which at least eight years as Senior >anager*
<9 in an organisation@ the case is to "e
referred to Chairman.
In each 6estion "elow details of one candidate are
gi8en. Go ha8e to Itake one of the corses of action
"ased on the information pro8ided and the conditions
and s"*conditions gi8en a"o8e and mark the nm"er
of that corse of action as yor answer. Go are not to
assme anything other than the information pro8ided in
each 6estion. -ll these cases are gi8en to yo as on
4)*45*.4)4.
>ark answer '), if the candidate is to "e selected.
>ark answer '., if the candidate is not to "e selected.
>ark answer '+, if the data pro8ided are not
ade6ate to take a decision.
>ark answer '/, if the case is to "e referred to
Execti8e &irector.
>ark answer '5, if the case is to "e referred to
Chairman.
(.)) Prana" %hosh was "orn on 2th >arch )302.
<e has "een working for the past eighteen
years in an organisation ot of which last
se8en years as Senior >anager*<9 after
completing his postgradation in <9 with
02 per cent marks. <e had sccessflly
implemented <9*System last year in his
organisation. <e has secred 54 per cent
marks in the selection process.
-nswer: '),
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(.). Sheetal Cha has "een working in an
organisation for the past twenty years ot
of which ten years as Senior >anager*<9
after completing her postgradation in
Personnel >anagement with 14 per cent
marks. She was "orn on .nd &ecem"er
)305. She has secred /5 per cent marks
in the selection process.
-nswer: '+,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(.)+ Pra"ir Sengpta was "orn on 2th >ay
)30+. <e has secred 05 per cent marks in
the selection process. <e has "een
working for the past ffteen years in an
organisation@ ot of which twel8e years
as Senior >anager <9@ after completing
Eligi"ility Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning ).3
his post gradation in <9 with 55 per cent
marks. <e has sccessflly implemented <9System
in his organisation dring the last
two years.
-nswer: '/,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(.)/ Shailesh ?mar has "een working in an
organisation for the past thirteen years@ ot
of which nine years as Senior >anager
*<9 after completing his postgradation
in <9 with 02 per cent marks. <e was "orn
on )5th Septem"er )302. <e has secred
/2 per cent marks in the selection process.
<e has sccessflly implemented <9System
in his organiJation two years "ack.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(.)5 !a8in Chopra was "orn on ).th Cne )301.
<e has "een working for the past
sixteen years@ ot of which se8en years
as Senior >anager*<9 after completing
his post*gradation in Personnel
>anagement with 15 per cent marks.
<e has secred // per cent marks
in the selection process. <e has
sccessflly implemented <9*System in his
organisation last year.
-nswer: '.,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(.)0 >eera ?lkarni has "een working for the
past se8enteen years@ ot of which
eight years as Senior >anager*<9@ after
completing her postgradation in Personnel
>anagement with 00 per cent marks.
Eligi"ility Test
)+4 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
She has sccessflly implemented <9System
in her organisation dring the last
two years. She has secred /3 per cent
marks in the selection process. She was "orn
on )/th &ecem"er )31).
-nswer: '.,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(.)1 -kash Shastri was "orn on ).th -pril
)301.<e has "een working for the past
sixteenyears@ ot of which six years as Senior
>anager*<9@ in an organisation after
completing his postgradation in <9with 52
per cent marks. <e has sccessflly
implemented <9*System in his organiJation
last year. <e has secred 05 per cent marks
in the selection process.
-nswer: '/,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(.)2 Shekhar Cena has "een working for the past
ffteen years@ ot of which last se8en years
as Senior >anager*<9@ in an organisation
after completing his postgradation in <9
with 02 per cent marks. <e has secred
04 per cent marks in the selection process.
<e was "orn on )0th -gst )305.K<e has
sccessflly implemented <9*System in his
organisation in past three years.
-nswer: '),
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(.)3 Snetra %o8il was "orn on 5th -pril )30/.
She has "een working for the past se8enteen
years@ ot of which nine years as Senior
>anager*<9. in an organisation. She
has secred /2 per cent marks in the
selection process. She has also secred
03 per cent marks in her post*gradation
in Personnel >anagement. She sccessflly
implemented <9*System in her organisation
last year.
-nswer: '+,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Eligi"ility Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )+)
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
(..4 >ohit Saxena was "orn on .1th Cly )30+. <e has "een working
for the past thirteen years@ ot of which
nine years as Senior >anager*<9@ after completing his post*
gradation in <9 with 01 per cent marks.
<e has secred /3 per cent marks in the Selection process. <e has
sccessflly implemented <9* g
System in his organisation dring the past three years.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion: 9efer the ta"le "elow
Person 'i, 'ii,[
'-,
'iii,[
'=,
'i8, '8,
Prana"
Sheetal i
Pra"ir ',
Shailesh ',
!a8in x
>eera c
-kash ',
Shekhar
Snetra i
>ohit ',
Eligi"ility Test
)+. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Practice Set * 'Eligi"ility Test,
&irections '(.)*)4,: Stdy the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions gi8en "elow:
(Corporation Bank PO 2010)
7ollowing are the conditions for selecting >arketing
>anager in an organiJation:
The candidate mst
'i, "e a gradate in any discipline with at least 55 per
cent marks.
'ii, ha8e a postgradate degree[diploma in >arketing
>anagement with at least 04 per cent marks.
'iii, ha8e post*6alifcation work experience of at
least f8e years in the marketing di8ision of an
organisation.
'i8, ha8e secred at least /5 per cent marks in the
selection examination.
'8, ha8e secred at least /4 per cent marks in the
selection inter8iew.
In the case of a candidate who satisfes all the conditions
except
'a, at 'iii, a"o8e@ "t has post*6alifcation work
experience of at least three years as &epty >arketing
>anager@ the case is to "e referred to %>*>arketing.
'", at '8, a"o8e@ "t has secred at least 04 per cent
marks in the selection examination@ the case is to "e
referred to $P*>arketing.
In each 6estion "elow@ details of one candidate are
gi8en. Go ha8e to take one of the following corses
of action "ased on the information pro8ided and the
conditions and s"*conditions gi8en a"o8e and mark
the nm"er of that corse of action as yor answer. Go
are not to assme anything other than the information
pro8ided in each 6estion. -ll these cases are gi8en to
yo as on 4).45..4)4.
>ark answer '), if the candidate is to "e selected.
>ark answer '., if the candidate is not to "e selected.
>ark answer '+, if the case is to "e referred to %>>arketing.
>ark answer '/, if the case is to "e referred to $P>arketing.
>ark answer '5, if the data pro8ided are not
ade6ate to take a decision.
). !idhi -grawal has secred 04 per cent marks in
the selection inter8iew and /4 per cent marks in
the selection examination. She has "een working in
the marketing di8ision of an organisation for the
past eight years after completing her postgradate
degree in >arketing >anagement with 05 per cent
marks. She has secred 53 per cent marks in =Sc.
.. !a8in &esai has secred 50 per cent marks in =-.
<e has "een working in the marketing di8ision of
an organisation for the past Ise8en years after
completing his postgradate degree in >arketing
with 0. per cent marks. <e has secred 0. per cent
marks in the selection examination and +2 per cent
marks in the selection inter8iew.
+. Sa"ina <anda has "een working for the past
for years as &epty >arketing >anager in
an organisation after completing her postgradate
diploma in >arketing >anagement with 05 per
cent marks. She has secred /5 percent marks in
"oth selection examination and selection inter8iew.
She has also secred 52 per cent marks in =Com.
/. >anoL >alhotra has secred 05 per cent marks in
=Sc and 04 per cent marks in postgradate degree
in >arketing >anagement. <e has also secred
54 per cent marks in "oth selection examination
and selection inter8iew. <e has "een working in the
marketing di8ision of an organisation for the past
six years after completing his postgradation in
>arketing.
5. $arsha -kolkar has secred 53 per cent marks
in =-. She has secred /. per cent marks in the
selection inter8iew and /2 per cent marks in the
selection examination. She has "een working in the
marketing di8ision of an organisation for the past
se8en years after completing her postgradation in
>arketing >anagement with 51 per cent marks.
Eligi"ility Test
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )++
0. Btpal %oswami has "een working in the marketing di8ision of an
organisation for the past f8e years after
completing his postgradate diploma in >arketing >anagement
with per cent marks. <e is a frst*class Science
gradate with 04 per cent marks. <e has secred /5 per cent marks
in the selection examination and /4 per cent
marks in the selection inter8iew.
1. -nindita %hosh has "een working for the past eight years in an
organisation after completing her postgradate
degree in >arketing >anagement with 14 per cent marks. She has
secred 50 per cent marks in =-. She has also
secred 54 per cent marks in the selection examination and /5 per
cent marks in the selection inter8iew.
2. Samir Phkan has "een working in the marketing di8ision of an
organisation for the past f8e years after
completing his post gradate diploma in management with 05 per
cent marks. <e has secred 04 per cent marks
in =Com. <e has also secred 54 per cent marks in "oth selection
examination and selection inter8iew.
3. !imisha Patil has secred 53 per cent marks in =Com. She has
also secred 54 per cent marks in "oth selection
examination and the selection inter8iew. She has "een working as
&epty >arketing >anager in an organisation
for the past three@ years after completing her postgradate degree in
>arketing >anagement with 0+ per cent marks.
)4. Sadashi8 %hatge has secred 04 per cent marks in =Com. <e has
"een working for the past f8e years in the
marketing di8ision of an organisation after completing his
postgradate degree in >arketing >anagement with
02R marks. <e has secred +5 per cent marks in the
selection[inter8iew and 0. per cent marks in the selection
examination.
Eligi"ility Test
)+/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Eligi"ility Test
) '.,
. '/,
+ '+,
/ '),
5 '.,
0 '),
1 '5,
2 '5,
3 '+,
)4 '/,
Eligi"ility Test Practice Set * '-nswers,
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )+5
Dogical 9easoning
Chapter: Dogical 9easoning
The chapter Dogical 9easoning comprises of
the following s" chapters
Statement * -rgments
Statement * -ssmptions
Statement * Corses of -ction
Statement * Inference
Case and E#ect
)+0 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Dogical 9easoning: Statement * -rgments
In this topic a statement "ased on areas@ sch as@ society@ politics@
economy@ law is gi8en followed "y two
argments * one in fa8or and one against it. Candidate is re6ired to
identify a ST9E!% and a HE-? argment.
The argments gi8en in the 6estion are contrary to each other and
present a positi8e and a negati8e reslt of
the statement. - strong argment is the one@ which is directly
related to the isse presented in the statement and
its rele8ance is clearly seen@ while the weak argment is the one
which is not directly related to the statement is
nnecessarily linked to it and contains sper]os data.
The candidate is re6ired to read and infer the statement to frther
read the argments and Ldge which one is
directly related to the isse raised in the statement.
In sch type of 6estions@ a statement is followed "y two argments
Candidates are re6ired to distingish
"etween these two argments and fnd ot which one is strong.
-n argment may "e strong in the following condition:*
). - strong argment shold gi8e the real diagnosis of the sitations
descri"ed in the statement.
.. - strong argment shold "e directly related with the statement
and shold "e spported "y facts.
+. - strong argment shold not "e mere repetition of the sitations
gi8en in the statement.
!o argment shold "e "ased on a"stracts@ sch as@ emotion@ feeling
etc.@ "ecase a weak argment is 8ery
am"igos to Ldge.
Example '),
Statement: Hill 9ita get a second class in the examination:
-rgment: Ges@ she always stands second.
Explanation: If she always stands second@ it does not mean that she
will come second this year also. <ence@ we
can say that this argment is not strong.
Example '.,
Statement: Shold there "e stdent nionKs elections in
college[ni8ersity:
-rgment: !o. This will create a political atmosphere in the camps.
Explanation: we are aware that sch elections in colleges or
ni8ersities will certainly create some political
atmosphere in the camps. <ence@ we can say that this argment is
strong.
Example '+,
Statement: Shold prohi"ition on alcohol "e "anned:
-rgment: Ges@ Prohi"ition on alcohol shold "e "anned.
Explanation: This argment is merely repetition of the statement.
<ence@ this is not a strong argment.
Example '/,
Statement: Shold lxry hotels "e "anned in India:
-rgment: Ges@ these are the places from where international
criminals operate.
Explanation: The lxry hotels are sym"ol of contryKs standard and
places for staying for ajent foreign
torists and it cannot "e stayed with confrmation that the criminals
always stay there. <ence@ this
is not a strong argment.
Example '5,
Statement: Shold State %o8ernment "an on Dottery:
-rgment: Ges@ to spend money aimlessly is not a proper thing.
Explanation: It is not clear that the money is "eing spent on lottery
or on other things. In addition@ se of the
word aimlessly makes the argment am"igos. <ence@ it is not a
strong argment.
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )+1
Example '0,
Statement: Shold we encorage compteriJations:
-rgment: Ges@ -merica is also doing this.
Explanation: -ny argment cannot "e taken with the context of a
person@ incident of a contry or some
examples. He cannot say that Lst "ecase -merica is doing
something then India shall also "e
doing it. <ence@ it is not a strong argment.
Example '1,
Statement: Hill the political acti8ities go on this year:
-rgment: Ges@ many of the newspapers endorse the statement.
Explanation: if the newspaper write this@ it does not mean that the
political acti8ities will go on. <ence@ it is not a
strong argment.
Dogical 9easoning: Statement * -ssmptions
-n assmption is something that is taken for granted in the context
of the statement. In any con8ersation if we say
something@ there are certain assmptions which mst "e tre for the
statement to make sense. He can say that
-ssmption is a fact that can "e accepted as tre on considering the
contents of the gi8en statement.
The main di#erence "etween a conclsion and assmption is that@ an
assmption precedes the information while
conclsion follows it.
The following sol8ed examples will help yo to get a clear
nderstanding of this 6estion type.
&irections: In each of the following examples a statement is gi8en
which is followed "y two assmptions nm"ered I
and II. Consider the statement and decide which of the gi8en
assmptions is implicit.
%i8e yor answer as:
'a, If only assmption I is implicit
'", If only assmption II is implicit
'c, If either I or II is implicit
'd, If neither I nor II is implicit and
'e, If "oth I and II are implicit.
Example '+,
Statement: SatyaKs mother instrcted him to retrn home "y train if
it rains hea8ily.
-ssmptions: I. Satya may not "e a"le to decide himself if it rains
hea8ily.
II. The trains may ply e8en if it rains hea8ily.
Soltion: '", SatyaKs mother was concern a"ot his son@ so that she
has instrcted her child@ not "ecase Satya
himself wold not "e a"le to decide. Therefore@ I is not implicit.
-part from that@ SatyaKs mother
instrcted him to take to train Lorney in case of hea8y rains.
Example '/,
Statement: _Go mst learn to refer to dictionary if yo want to
"ecome a good writer.`* -shok ad8ises to =riLesh.
-ssmptions: I. Enly writers refer to the dictionary.
II. -ll writers@ good or "ad@ refer to the dictionary.
Soltion: 'd, The gi8en statement does not imply that only writers
and no"ody else refers to the dictionary. -lso
nothing is mentioned a"ot the "ad writers. So@ neither I nor II is
implicit.
Example'5,
Statement: I cannot contact yo on phone from ?anpr.
-ssmptions: I. Telephone facility is not a8aila"le at ?anpr
Dogical 9easoning
)+2 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
II. !ow a days it is di#iclt to contact yo on phone.
Soltion: 'a, <ere the statement indicates the impossi"ility of phone
contact from ?anpr. Therefore@ I may "e
assmed. So@ fact I is implicit.
Dogical 9easoning: Statement and Corses of -ction
E8alating corses of action is an important area of logical
reasoning. In these types of 6estions a sitation is gi8en in
the form of a statement and some corses of action are sggested in
the context of gi8en sitation.
%enerally there are two types of relationship "etween the gi8en
sitation and sggested corses of action.
). Pro"lem 5 Soltion relationship:* where the gi8en statement talks
a"ot a pro"lem and the sggested corses of
action talk a"ot soltions.
Example:
Statement: >alaria and Typhoid are on rise in &elhi.
Corses of action: I. %o8ernment mst increase the nm"er of
doctors and medical facilities as soon as possi"le
II. %o8ernment mst take necessary steps to clean &elhi.
Soltion:
<ere "oth the corses of action shold "e ndertaken "ecase "y
increasing the nm"er of doctors and medical
facilities the go8ernment can control the rise of >alaria and Typhoid
and it is also a practical soltion. The second
corse of action is also a practical soltion "ecase the city mst "e
cleaned for controlling sch type of diseases.
.. 7act 5 Impro8ement relationship:* where the gi8en statement talks
a"ot the fact and sggested corses of
action talk a"ot the ways of impro8ement.
Example:
Statement: Corts take too long in deciding important disptes of
8arios departments.
Corses of action: I. Corts shold "e ordered to speed p matters.
II. Special powers shold "e granted to o#icers to settle disptes
concerning their department
Soltion:
<ere it is clear that@ either the work in the cort needs to "e
speeded p or the system shold "e reorganiJed so that
the nm"er of pro"lems can "e resol8ed at the lower le8els itself and
this will pro8ide the speedy Lstice to the people.
Therefore "oth the corses shold follow.
There are two types of 6estions that cold "e asked in =ank PE
Examination.
Type I: * =ased on two corses of action
In these types of 6estions@ a statement is followed "y two corses of
action nm"ered I and II. The candidate is
re6ired to analyJe the pro"lem or policy mentioned in the
statement and then decides which of the corses of action
logically follows.
&irections 'Example ) * .,: In each of the 6estions gi8en "elow is a
statement followed "y two corses of action
nm"ered I and II. Go ha8e to assme e8erything in the statement
to "e tre and on the "asis of the gi8en information
gi8en in the statement@ decide which of the sggested corses of
action logically follow 's,.
%i8e yor answers as:
'a, If only I follows
'", If only II follows
'c, If either I or II follows
'd, If neither I nor II follows
'e, If "oth I and II follows
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )+3
Example '),
Statement: - grop of college stdents was reported to "e enLoying
at a picnic spot dring college hors.
Corses of action: I. The principal of the college shold contact the
parents of those stdents and inform them
with a real warning for ftre.
II. Some disciplinary action mst "e taken against those stdents for
the awareness of all the
other stdents.
Soltion: 'e, Stdents who "nk the classes shold "e pnished so
that the other stdents will not do the same.
-lso their parents shold "e well informed a"ot these kinds of
acti8ities. Therefore "oth the corses
shold follow.
Example '.,
Statement: E8ery year@ at the "eginning or at the end of the
monsoons@ we ha8e some cases of conLncti8itis@ "t
this year@ it seems to "e a maLor epidemic@ witnessed after nearly
three years.
Corses of action: I. Precationary measres shold "e taken after
e8ery three years to check this epidemic.
II. People shold "e ad8ised to drink "oiled water dring rainy
season.
Soltion: '", Since this disease occrs at the end of monsoon season
e8ery year. So@ precationary measres e8ery
year can work. =t the second corse of action shall "e a pre8enti8e
measre. So@ only corse II follow.
Type II: =ased on Three corses of action
In these types of 6estions@ a statement is followed "y three corses
of action nm"ered I@ II and III. The candidate is
re6ired to analyJe the pro"lem or policy mentioned in the
statement and then decides which of the corses of action
logically follows.
Example '+, In this 6estion a statement is gi8en which is followed
"y three corses of action nm"ered I@ II and III.
Go ha8e to assme e8erything in the statement to "e tre and on
the "asis of the gi8en information in
the statement@ decide which of the sggested corses of action
logically follow 's,.
Statement: The Company 9 has reLected frst lot of 8ales spplied
"y Company S and has cancelled its entire hge
order 6oting se of inferior 6ality material and poor
craftsmanship.
Corses of action: I. The Company S needs to in8estigate fnctioning
of its prchase@ prodction and 6ality
control departments.
II. The Company S shold inspect all the 8al8es reLected "y Company
9.
III. The Company S shold inform Company 9 that steps ha8e "een
taken for impro8ement and
renegotiate schedle of spply.
%i8e yor answer as:
'a, Enly I and II follow
'", Enly II follows
'c, II@ and either I or III follow
'd, !one of these
Soltion: 'a, Company S shold inspect the reLected 8al8es to ensre
if they are really s" * standard.
If they are not p to the mark then company - shold scrtiniJe its
working thoroghly and remo8e its
lacking.
Dogical 9easoning: Statement * Inferences
Inference is the act or process of deri8ing logical conclsions from
premises known or assmed tre. Inference is the
non*logical@ "t rational@ means@ throgh o"ser8ation of patterns of
facts@ to indirectly see new meanings and contexts
for nderstanding i.e.N yo can make inference when "y sing cles
from the story to fgre ot something that the
athor does not explicitly say "t lea8es a hint or sggestion of it.
7or most of s@ making an inference is the toghest
part of an exam "ecase making an inference re6ires a "it of
gessing. 7or a competiti8e exam@ howe8er@ making an
inference means mastering yor reading ha"its@ identifying the cles
that the athor is throwing@ nderstanding what
exactly an inference is and practicing how to choose the correct
option ot of the gi8en ones.
Dogical 9easoning
)/4 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
This topic deals with text that is related to concepts@ like facts@
reportsN economic essays@ theories etc and we are to
hnt for conclsions or what inference can "e drawn from it.
%enerally@ in sch type of 6estions@ text co8ering concepts@ facts@
theories@ fgres@ etc. is gi8en and 6estions
concerning inference are asked. =efore attempting sch 6estions@
one shold know the 8arios methods of reasoning.
7rther@ what adds to complexity is narrow di#erence "etween
choices e.g. _defnitely false` or _pro"a"ly false` _might
"e false` or _data ins#icient` wold dwindle yo. Therefore@ the
topic needs carefl nderstanding. Det s now
discss few methods of reasoning which wold frther help s in
sol8ing inference "ased 6estions.
>ET<E&S E7 9E-SE!I!%
The >ethods of 9easoning in a passage are: Indcti8e 9easoningN
&edcti8e 9easoningN (oting -thoritiesN 7acts
7indings and Illstrations.
). Indcti8e >ethod of 9easoning: This method if sed when
premises do not s#ice to reach the conclsions "t
ne8ertheless ha8e some weight as e8idence in fa8or of it.
.. &edcti8e >ethod of 9easoning: This is done when the conclsion
is deri8ed from the premises made in argments.
+. (oting -thorities: The athors se 6otations in spport of
their argments or statements. They are known as
spporting premises.
/. 7acts 7indings and Illstrations: the athors se se8eral existing
facts@ fndings of research or other stdies@ data@
illstrations and examples in spport of their argments or
conclsions. They are also known as spporting
premises.
To ha8e a clear nderstanding of the a"o8e methods of reasoning let
s see some examples.
Example '), - recent sr8ey shows that India has the lowest death
rate for "lood cancer. China@ Thailand and
>yanmar 'contries that ha8e taste for spices, also ha8e low rates
for "lood cancer. <igher rates are
fond in B.S.- where spices are not sed. The typical -merican food
remains chicken rolls@ "tter \
"eef.
Inferences: I. -mericans are orthodox in their food ha"its.
II. -mericans dislike spices.
III. Spices pre8ent "lood cancer.
Soltion: Inference I is pro"a"ly false@ as -mericans cannot change
their food ha"its so are orthodox. 7or Inference
II@ the data is inade6ate since we know -mericans do not eat spice
"t why do they not eat it is
nknown. 7or Inference III@ since contries where spices are sed
ha8e lower death rates assres the
conclsion. Therefore it is tre defnitely.
Example '., Br"an ser8ices ha8e not expanded fast enogh to cope
with r"an expansion. Dow in8estment
allocations ha8e tended to "e nder spent. =oth p"lic and pri8ate
infrastrctre 6ality has "een
declining. This impact of srronding en8ironment in which or
children li8e and the spporting ser8ices
a8aila"le to them when they fall ill@ seems o"8iosly nattended and
negati8e. The decline in a8erage
food a8aila"ility and the rise in a"solte po8erty point remains in
same nsatisfactory direction.
Inference: I. There is nothing to "oast a"ot r"an ser8ices.
II. Dow 5 cost r"an hosing is one of the priorities.
III. The p"lic transport system is in hands of pri8ate sector.
Soltions: Since r"an ser8ices ha8e not expanded enogh.
Therefore Inference I is implied. Taking Inference II@
this is pro"a"ly tre@ as passage discorages decline in 6ality of low
income are hosing 5 it might
"e featre of r"an ser8ices. Since nothing is mentioned a"ot
p"lic transport 5 data is inade6ate for
inference III.
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )/)
Dogical 9easoning: Case and E#ect
The case is the e8ent that makes the other occr and the e#ect is
the e8ent that follows from the case. The 6estions
"ased on the case and e#ect reasoning are "asically designed to
analyJe the candidateKs a"ility to nderstand a pair
of statements and to correlate them in terms of case and e#ect.
The following sol8ed examples will help yo to get a clear
nderstanding of this 6estion type.
&irections '(.)*.,: In each of the following 6estions@ two
statements nm"ered I and II are gi8en. There may "e case
and e#ect relationship "etween the two statements. These two
statements may "e the e#ect of the same case or
independent cases. These statements may "e independent cases
withot ha8ing any relationship. 9ead "oth the
statements in each 6estion and mark yor answer accordingly.
%i8e yor answer as:
'a, If statement I is the case and statement II is its e#ect.
'", If statement II is the case and statement I is the e#ect.
'c, If "oth the statements I and II are independent cases.
'd, If "oth the statements I and II are e#ects of independent cases.
'e, If "oth the statements I and II are e#ects of some common case.
Example '), I. There is nprecedented increase in the nm"er of
yong nemployed in comparison to the pre8ios
year.
II. - large nm"er of candidates s"mitted applications against an
ad8ertisement for the post of
manager issed "y "ank.
Soltion: 'a, There is a hge increase in the nm"er of nemployed
yong people@ so that a large nm"er of
candidates is applying for a single post.
Example '., I. The pri8ate Engineering colleges ha8e increased the
tition fees in the crrent year "y )44R o8er the
last yearKs fees to meet the expenses.
II. The %o8ernment Engineering Colleges ha8e not increased their
fees in spite of price escalation.
Soltion: 'c, There is no change in the fees of the %o8ernment
Engineering colleges@ "t the increase in the fees
of the pri8ate engineering colleges seems to "e policy matters
ndertaken "y the indi8idal decisi8e
"oards at the two le8els.
Dogical 9easoning
)/. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
&irections '(.),: 9ead the following information
careflly and answer the 6estion which follows:
(IBPS C,E PO PO()* 2012)
(.) 7armers fond sing chemical fertiliJers in
the organic* farming area of their farms
wold "e hea8ily fned. Hhich of the following
statements is an assmption implicit in the
gi8en statement: '-n assmption is something
spposed or taken for granted.,
'), Chemical fertilisers harm the crop.
'., - farmKs area for organic and chemical farming is
di#erent.
'+, 7armers who do not se chemical fertiliJers in the
chemical farming area wold "e penaliJed as well.
'/, -ll farmers ndertake "oth these kinds of farming
'chemical as well as organic, in their farms.
'5, Erganic fertiliJers are "anned in the area for
chemical farming.
-nswer: '.,
&irections '(..*0, 9ead the following information
careflly and answer the 6estions which follow
Small "rands are now looking "eyond local grocery
stores and are tying p with spermarkets sch as =ig
=aJaar to pll their "siness ot of tro"led waters.
(.. Hhich of the following can "e inferred from the
gi8en information: '-n inference is something
that is not directly stated "t can "e inferred
from the gi8en information,
'), >erchandise of smaller "rands wold not "e
a8aila"le at local grocery stores in the near ftre.
'., Smaller "rands cannot compete with "igger ones
in a spermarket set*p.
'+, There is a perception among small "rands that
sale in a spermarket is higher than that of small
grocery stores.
'/, Spermarkets generate more re8ene "y selling
prodcts of "igger "rands as compared to the
smaller ones.
'5, Smaller "rands ha8e always had more tie*ps
with spermarkets as compared to small grocery
stores.
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Since small "rands are tying p with spermarkets
to pll their "siness ot of tro"led waters@ it can
"e inferred that small "rands are of the perception
that sale in a spermarket is higher than that of small
grocery stores.
&irections '(.+*0,: These 6estions are "ased on
the information gi8en a"o8e and the sentences
la"elled '-,@ '=,@ 'C,@ '&,@ 'E, and '7, as gi8en "elow.
'-, - smaller "rand manfactring a certain prodct
of 6ality compara"le with that of a "igger "rand@
makes mch more proft from the local grocery
stores than from the spermarkets.
'=, -s the spermarkets ha8e "een set p only in
"igger cities at present@ this step wold fail to
deli8er reslts in the smaller cities.
'C, Spermarkets help the smaller "rands "reak into
newer markets withot in8esting s"stantially
in distri"tion.
'&, Spermarkets charge the smaller "rands )4R
higher than the amont charged to the "igger
"rands.
'E, =eing otnm"ered "y the "igger "rands@ 8isi"ility
of the smaller "rands at local grocery stores is
mch lower as compared to the spermarkets.
'7, Smaller "rands are crrently making s"stantial
losses in their "sinesses.
(.+ Hhich of the statements nm"ered '-,@ '=,@
'C,@'&,@ 'E, and '7, can@ "e assmed from the
facts[ information gi8en in the statement: '-n
assmption is something spposed or taken
for granted,
'), Enly '-,
'., Enly '=,
'+, =oth '=, and 'C,
'/, =oth '&, and 'E,
'5, Enly '7,
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
-s small "rands are in tro"led water@ it can "e a 8alid
Sol8ed Examples 'Dogical 9easoning,
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )/+
assmption that smaller "rands are crrently making
s"stantial losses in their "siness.
(./ Hhich of the statements nm"ered '-,@ '=,@
'C,@ 'E, and '7, represents a disad8antageof
the small grocery stores o8er the
spermarkets from the perspecti8e of a
smaller "rand:
'), Enly '-,
'., Enly 'C,
'+, Enly 'E,
'/, Enly '7,
'5, =oth '=, and 'C,
-nswer: '+,
(.5 Hhich of the statements '-,@ '=,@ 'C,@ '&, and
'E, mentioned a"o8e represents a reason
for the shift*from local grocery stores to
spermarkets "y the smaller "rands:
'), Enly '-,
'., Enly '=,
'+, Enly '&,
'/, =oth '-, and '&,
'5, =oth 'C, and 'E,
-nswer: '5,
(.0 Hhich of the statements nm"ered '-,@ '=,@
'C,@ 'E, and '7, mentioned a"o8e wold pro8e
that the step taken "y the smaller "rands 'of
mo8ing to spermarkets, may not necessarily
"e correct:
'), Enly '-,
'., Enly 'C,
'+, Enly 'E,
'/, Enly '7,
'5, =oth '=, and 'E,
-nswer: '),
(.1 It has "een reported in recent years that a 8ery
large nm"er of seats in engineering colleges
in the contry remain 8acant at the end of the
admission session. Hhich of the following may
"e the pro"a"le case of the a"o8e e#ect:
(IBPS C,E PO PO()* 2011)
'), There has "een a considera"le decrease in hiring
of engineering gradates de to economic
slowdown in the recent years.
'., Stdents ha8e always preferred to complete
gradation in three years@ time instead of for
years for engineering.
'+, The %o8t has recently decided to pro8ide post6alifcation
professional training to all
engineering gradates at its own cost.
'/, There has always "een a 8ery poor sccess rate
among the engineering stdents.
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
Economic slowdown a#ects the hiring of engineering
gradates. &e to this reason admissions in colleges
has "een a#ected.
(.2 The condition of the roads in the city has
deteriorated considera"ly dring the frst two
months of monsoon and most of the roads
ha8e de8eloped "ig potholes. Hhich of the
following can "e a possi"le e#ect of the a"o8e
case:
'), The mnicipal corporation had repaired all the
roads in the city "efore the onset of monsoon
with good 6ality material.
'., - large nm"er of people ha8e de8eloped spinerelated
inLries after reglarly commting long
distances "y road within the city.
'+, The mnicipal corporation has "een carefl in
choosing the contractors for repairing roads in the
past.
'/, People always complain a"ot potholed roads
dring the monsoon months.
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
=ig potholes on a road may a#ect people with spinerelated
inLries commte long distances "y road within
the city.
(.3 >aLority of the stdents who appeared in
the fnal examination of postgradate corse
in management in the local college ha8e
secred frst class@ which is comparati8ely
higher than the performance of stdents of
other management colleges in the state.
Hhich of the following may indicate that the
reslts are not in line with the general trend:
'), The stdents of the local college are 6alitati8ely
"etter than those of other colleges.
'., The athorities of the other management colleges
in the state are stricter in their standard of
e8alation.
'+, The stdents of other management colleges in
the state performed "etter than the stdents of
the local college in all the pre8ios examinations.
'/, The local management college recently
retrenched many of its reglar faclty mem"ers.
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '+,
Dogical 9easoning
)// I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
(.)4 It has "een reported in many leading
newspapers that the crrent yearKs monsoon
may "e "elow the expected le8el as many
parts of the contry are still not getting
ade6ate rainfall.
Hhich of the following can "e a possi"le
fallot of the a"o8e sitation:
'), People from those a#ected areas with less
rainfall may migrate to r"an areas.
'., %o8t may annonce exgratia payment to all the
farmers a#ected in these areas.
'+, %o8t may declare these areas as droghta#ected.
'/, People may "lame the go8t and agitate for not
getting ade6ate water for clti8ation.
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '+,
(.)) There has "een a spate of rail accidents in
India in the recent months killing large
nm"ers of passengers and inLring many
more. This has raised serios do"ts on the
railwayKs capa"ility of pro8iding safety
to tra8ellers. Hhich of the following
statements s"stantiates the 8iews
expressed in the a"o8e statement:
'), Indian 9ailways is known for pro8iding "est
comfort to its passenger.
'., People ha8e no option other than tra8elling "y
rail o8er long distances.
'+, The railway tracks at many places ha8e "een
fond to "e stressed de to wear and tear in the
recent times.
'/, Docal residents are always the frst to pro8ide a
helping hand to the passengers in the e8ent of
sch disasters.
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '+,
(.). - few tra8ellers were se8erely "eaten p
"y 8illagers recently in a remote rral part
of the state as the 8illagers fond the
mo8ement of the tra8ellers sspicios.
The district athority has sent a police
team to na" the clprits. Hhich of the
following inferences can "e drawn from
the a"o8e statement: '-n inference is
something which is not directly stated "t
can "e inferred from the gi8en facts.,
'), The 8illagers dislike the presence of strangers in
their 8icinity.
'., $illagers are generally sspicios in natre.
'+, Tra8ellers prefer to 8isit contryside.
'/, The go8t generally pro8ides protection to
tra8ellers across the contry.
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
The go8t pro8ides secrity to torists across the
contry. That is why the go8t has sent a police team to
na" the clprits.
(.)+ There has "een a considera"le drop in sales
of for*wheelers dring the past six months
when compared to the nm"er of forwheelers
sold dring this period last year.
Hhich of the following can the pro"a"le
case's, of the a"o8e phenomenon:
'-, The go8t imposed higher excise dty on forwheelers
at the "eginning of this year.
'=, The petrol prices ha8e risen considera"ly dring
the past eight* months.
'C, The rate of interest on home and car loans ha8e
"een rising for the past se8en months.
'), -ll '-,@ '=, and 'C,
'., Enly '-, and 'C,
'+, Enly '=, and 'C,
'/, '=, Enly
'5, '-, Enly
-nswer: '+,
(.)/ There is an alarming trend of skewed
sex ratio against women in India dring the
past decade and the sitation may go ot
of hand if ade6ate steps are not taken to
stop female foeticide.
Hhich of the following can "e an e#ecti8e
step to re8erse the trend:
'-, The go8t shold immediately completely "an the
se of scanners[sonography on expecting mothers
at all health centres.
'=, The go8t shold annonce a s"stantial incenti8e
scheme for coples who ha8e at least one girl child.
'C, The %o8t shold lanch a nationwide campaign to
create awareness against female foeticide.
'), Enly '-,
'., Enly '-, and '=,
'+, Enly '=, and 'C,
'/, -ll '-,@ '=, and 'C,
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
Extreme action 'complete "an, is not a soltion to the
pro"lem.
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )/5
(.)5 - 8ery large nm"er of technically 6alifed yong Indians are
coming ot of colleges e8ery year
thogh there are not enogh opportnities for them to get gainfl
employment.Hhich of the following
contradicts the 8iews expressed in the a"o8e statement:
'), Technically 6alifed persons are far sperior to those with
standard degrees like =-[=Sc[=Com etc.
'., The go8t has not done e#ecti8e planning for engaging technically
6alifed personnel while athorising the
setting p of technical colleges.
'+, - hge gap exists "etween the le8el of competence of technically
6alifed gradates and re6irements of the
indstry.
'/, >aLority of the technically 6alifed persons are migrating from
India to de8eloped contries for "etter opportnities.
'5, !one of these
-nswer: '/,
(.)0 The go8t has appealed to all citiJens to se pota"le water
Ldiciosly as there is an acte shortage in
spply. Excessi8e se may lead to hge scarcity in coming months.
Hhich of the following assmptions is implicit in the a"o8e
statement: '-n assmption is something
spposed or taken for granted.,
'), People may ignore the appeal and contine sing water as per
their consideration.
'., %o8t may "e a"le to tap those who do not respond to the appeal.
'+, %o8t may "e a"le to pt in place alternate sorces of water in the
e8ent of crisis.
'/, - large nm"er of people may positi8ely respond to the go8tKs
appeal and help tide o8er the crisis.
'5, Enly the poor are going to s#er from this shortage of water
spply.
-nswer: '/,
Dogical 9easoning
)/0 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Practice Set * ) 'Dogical 9easoning,
&irection for 6estions ') to 5,
- statement is followed "y three corses of action
nm"ered I@ II and III. Go ha8e to assme e8erything
in the statement to "e tre. &ecide which corse's, of
action logically follow's, for prsing from the gi8en
options marked 'a,@ '",@ 'c, and 'd,.
(.) Statement:
In one of the worst road accidents in the state@
+1 people were killed and )5 others were inLred
when pri8ate "s ran o# a "ridge and plnged /4
feet "elow into the Cag"di 9i8er.
Corse of -ction:
I. -ll the "ridges on ri8ers shold "e properly
fenced so that no "s falls.
II. The agency rnning the "s shold "e "anned
and tested in cort.
III. &ri8er shold "e gi8en death penalty for
negligence in dri8ing.
'a, Enly I follow.
'", Enly I and II follow.
'c, Enly I@ II and III follow.
'd, !one follows.
(.. Statement:
&onKt "e fooled "y otside "eaty. The real
"eaty is on the inside.
Corse of -ction:
I. Ene shold not pay attention to the facial
"eaty..
II. Ene shold realise the importance of a "eatifl
person..
III. Ene shold not focs on "eing "eatifl from
otside only "t rather shold focs on inner
"eaty.
'a, Enly I follow.
'", Enly I and II follow.
'c, Enly III follow.
'd, !one follows.
(.+ Statement:
&e to thick fog these days@ commting 8ia trains
and ]ights has "ecome a pro"lem in Erope.
Corse of -ction:
I. People shold look for alternati8e while tra8elling.
II. !ews channels shold "e asked to telecast
special episode ad8ising people to plan their
tra8el in near ftre keeping the weather
conditions in mind.
III. Trains and ]ights shold "e temporarily
sspended in the region.
'a, Enly I follow.
'", Enly I and II follow.
'c, Enly II and III follow.
'd, !one follows.
(./ Statement:
Tony has lanched a new smart phone in
competition to 7amsngKs latest phone =rand
and 9*phoneKs latest 8ersion 5 captring a lot of
7amsng and 9*phoneKs market.
Corse of -ction:
I. 7amsng and 9*phone shold redce their
price in comparison to Tony so that the price
conscios consmer end p "ying Tony
phones only.
II. 7amsng and 9*phone shold lanch a new
phone each in competition to Tony.
III. 7amsng and 9*phone shold fle a sit against
Tony for copying their featre.
'a, Enly I follow.
'", Enly I and II follow.
'c, Enly II and III follow.
'd, !one follows.
(.5 Statement:
- case of frad and misappropriation of fnds has
come p in -=C& =ank.
Corse of -ction:
I. The frad shold "e in8estigated properly.
II. The o#icers who are fond gilty shold "e
dly pnished.
III. The "ank shold work ot on sch a system
for appropriation fnds that sch frads are
a8oided in ftre.
'a, Enly I follow.
'", -ll follow.
'c, Enly II and III follow.
'd, !one follows.
&irection for 6estions '0 to )4,: In each of the
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )/1
following 6estions@ a statement is gi8en followed
"y two conclsions.
>ark the answer as
'a, If only conclsion I follows
'", If only conclsion II follows
'c, If either I or II followsN and
'd, If neither I nor II follows.
(.0 Statement:
9C= is topping the charts in IPD season 5.
Conclsion:
I. -ll the good players of this season are "oght
"y 9C=.
II. 9C= has maximm chances of winning IPD
season 5.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
(.1 Statement:
It is "etter to light a candle than to crse the
darkness.
Conclsion:
I. Crsing shold not "e encoraged.
II. It is "etter to fnd a soltion of the pro"lem than
to cri" a"ot it.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
(.2 Statement:
Indian tele8ision is telecasting 8arios shows
which may prodce negati8e e#ect on children.
Conclsion:
I. The shows that are "eing telecasted in Indian
tele8ision are not likely "eing reglated and
censored "y any athoritati8e "ody.
II. Hatching tele8ision is not in "est of interests
for children.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
(.3 Statement:
Enly a ci8iliJed citiJen can make society worth
li8ing for e8eryone
Conclsion:
I. Bnci8iliJed citiJen makes li8ing in the society
nworthy for e8eryone.
II. 7or a society to "e worth li8ing for e8eryone it is
important that it has ci8iliJed citiJens.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
(.)4 Statement:
Petrol prices are on a sprt.
Conclsion:
I. People are na"le to a#ord petrol anymore.
II. Petrol has "ecome more expensi8e than
diamonds.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
&irections for 6estions ')) to )5,: - statement is
followed "y two argments I and II. &ecide which of
the argment is a strong argment is and which is a
weak argment.
>ark answer as:
'a, If only argment I is strong
'", If only II argment is strong
'c, If "oth I or II are strongN and
'd, If neither I nor II is strong
(.)) Statement:
Can corrption "e controlled:
-rgments:
I. Ges@ if e8eryone realises the "ad implication of
it@ together we can work in cr"ing it.
II. !o@ it is impossi"le in or contry to get any
work done withot corrption.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
(.). Statement:
Shold there "e elections in schools[colleges:
-rgments:
I. Ges@ it is important that stdents learn politics
right from the "asic stage as they are the
ftre leaders of the contry.
II. !o@ it will distract the stdents from stdies.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
(.)+ Statement:
Shold the contries those who disco8er
nexplored no manKs lands "e gi8en the right of
ownership for those lands:
Dogical 9easoning
)/2 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
-rgments:
I. Ges@ it will gi8e the respecti8e contries more
space to adLst their increasing poplation.
II. !o@ international "orders cannot "e altered
withot consent "y all the contries.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
(.)/ Statement:
Shold S9 College "e gi8en atonomos stats:
-rgments:
I. Ges@ it will help S9 College to ha8e fair and
impartial admission procedre.
II. !o@ it will gi8e away the admission procedre
in the hands of selected few people making it
"iased and impartial.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
(.)5 Statement:
Shold ci8il protests "e "anned in India:
-rgments:
I. Ges@ sch protests create an atmosphere of
disharmony in the contry.
II. !o@ India is a democratic contry and its
citiJens ha8e right to express themsel8es.
'a, a
'", "
'c, c
'd, d
&irections for 6estions ')0 to .4,
- statement is followed "y three assmptions marked
I@ II@ III. Check whether these assmptions are implicit
in the statement or not. Possi"le com"inations of
assmptions are gi8en against option 'a,@ '",@ 'c,@ 'd,.
Choose the appropriate option.
(.)0 Statement:
AGF ltd. has annonced yearly incenti8es for
their employees on the "asis of their performance.
-ssmptions:
I. Employees will work "etter when moti8ated "y
the incenti8e scheme.
II. Hithot any moti8ational incenti8e scheme
employees do not deli8er 6ality performance.
III. Incenti8es are only method of moti8ating
employees.
'a, !one follows.
'", Enly I and II follow.
'c, Enly I follow.
'd, -ll follow.
(.)1 Statement:
&rink milk for good health.
-ssmptions:
I. >ilk is easily a8aila"le for people to drink it.
II. If yo donKt drink milk yo wonKt ha8e good
health.
III. E8eryone wants to "e in good health.
'a, !one follows.
'", Enly I and II follow.
'c, Enly III follow.
'd, -ll follow.
(.)2 Statement:
_Er -C cools the most with least power
consmption.` -n ad8ertisement of an -ir
Condition manfactring company.
-ssmptions:
I. >ore people may "e attracted to switch to this
"rand of -C after reading the ad8ertisement.
II. People generally pay heed to ad8ertisements
"efore making any prchase decision.
III. People generally may prefer an -C with
not only cools the most "t also sa8es electricity.
'a, !one follows.
'", Enly I and II follow.
'c, Enly I follow.
'd, -ll follow.
(.)3 Statement:
The yong generation of today will make "etter
leaders of tomorrow.
-ssmptions:
I. The leaders of today are not e#icient enogh.
II. Gong generation of today is highly interested
in politics.
III. The world needs yonger leaders.
'a, !one follows.
'", Enly I and II follow.
'c, Enly I follow.
'd, -ll follow.
(..4 Statement:
_To attain good health practice yoga reglarly.`
9am ad8ises Shyam.
-ssmptions:
I. It is desira"le to attain good health.
II. Shyam listens to 9amKs ad8ice.
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )/3
Practice Set * . 'Dogical 9easoning,
&irections '(.)*5,: In each 6estion "elow is gi8en a
statement followed "y two assmptions nm"ered
I and II.
(S+ndi#ate Bank PO 2010)
-n assmption is something spposed or taken for
granted. Go ha8e to consider the statement and
the following assmptions and decide which of the
assmptions is implicit in the statement.
%i8e answer '), if only -ssmption I is Implicit
%i8e answer '., if only -ssmption II is implicit.
%i8e answer '+, if either -ssmption I or -ssmption
II is implicit.
%i8e answer '/, if nether -ssmption I nor
-ssmption II is implicit.
%i8e answer '5, if "oth -ssmptions I and II are implicit.
(.) Statement:
=anks shold always check fnancial stats
"efore lending money to a client.
-ssmptions:
I. Checking "efore lending wold gi8e a tre
pictre of the clientKs fnancial stats.
II. Clients sometimes may not present the correct
pictre of their a"ility to repay loan amont to
the "ank.
(.. Statement:
The go8ernment has decided to rn all
commercial 8ehicles on "io*fels in order to sa8e
the depleting fossil fel reser8es.
-ssmptions:
I. It is possi"le to switch o8er from fossil fels to
"io*fels for 8ehicles.
II. S#icient amont of "io*fel can "e prodced
in the contry to rn all commercial 8ehicles.
(.+ Statement:
To sa8e the en8ironment enforce total "an on
illegal mining throghot the contry.
-ssmptions:
I. >ining which is done legally does not case any
harm to the en8ironment.
II. >ining is one of the factors responsi"le for
en8ironmental degradation.
(./ Statement:
%i8e ade6ate Lo"*related training to the
employees "efore assigning them fll*]edged
work.
-ssmptions:
I. Training helps in "oosting the performance of
employees.
II. Employees ha8e no skill sets "efore training is
pro8ided to them.
(.5 Statement:
Take a ferry or a "oat instead of a "s to reach
the ?ra8i islands faster.
-ssmptions:
I. The islands "eing in remote location are not
easily accessi"le.
II. 7erries and "oats are a8aila"le to tra8el to ?ra8i
islands.
&irections '(. 0*)4,: In each 6estion "elow a
statement is gi8en followed "y two corses of
action nm"ered I and II.
- corse of action is a practica"le and feasi"le step
or administrati8e decision to "e taken for followp@
Impro8ement@ or frther action in regard to the
pro"lem@ policy@ etc. En the "asis of the information
gi8en in the statement@ yo ha8e to assme e8erything
in the statement to "e treN and decide which of the
sggested corses of action logically follow's, for
prsing.
%i8e answer '), if only I follows.
%i8e answer '., if only II follows.
%i8e answer '+, if either I or II follows.
%i8e answer '/, if neither I nor II follows.
%i8e answer '5, if "oth I and II follow.
(.0 Statement:
-n increasing nm"er of fanners prefer to a8ail
loans from local moneylenders instead of the
"anks owing to complicated paperwork in8ol8ed
in "anks.
Dogical 9easoning
)54 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Corses of action:
I. Docal money lenders who*charge interest rates
lower than the "anks shold "e pnished.
II. =anks shold simplify the procedre to a8ail of
loans so as to sit the fanners.
(.1 Statement:
- maLor ri8er in the city was redced to a pollted
and dirty canal after tonnes of sewage made way
into it o8er the years.
Corses of action:
I. -ll those who dmped gar"age and sewage into
the ri8er shold "e penaliJed.
II. The go8ernment shold modify the sewage
system and fnd an alternate way to dmp the
cityKs waste.
(.2 Statement:
Hater ta"le in most parts of the State has gone
down to sch a le8el that its extraction for
irrigation prposes is not economical any more.
Corses of action:
I. Extraction of grond water for any prpose in
the State shold "e "anned for some time in
order to replenish the water ta"le.
II. The %o8ernment shold make pro8isions for
alternati8e methods of irrigation so that the
fanners are not compelled to se grond water.
(.3 Statement:
- ni8ersity li"rarian reported increased cases of
theft of "ooks from the li"rary.
Corses of action:
I. Stricter secrity arrangements shold "e pt in
place in order to pre8ent sch incidents.
II. -ll the stdents in the ni8ersity shold "e
made to pay a hefty fne in order to replace the
lost "ooks.
(.)4 Statement:
Indigenos tri"es li8ing near -maJon forests
are ctting down trees to co8er their "asic
needs@ ths se8erely a#ecting the ecological
"alance in the area.
Corses of action:
I. -ll the tri"es li8ing near the -maJon rain
forests shold "e forced to shift to r"an
areas of the contry.
II. The tri"es shold "e allowed to contine
doing so as they ct down trees for their "asic
needs and not for commercial prposes.
&irections '(.))*)5,
In each 6estion "elow is gi8en a statement followed "y
two assmptions nm"ered I and II. -n assmption is
something spposed or taken for granted. Go ha8e to
consider the statement and the following assmptions
and decide which of the assmptions is implicit in the
statement.
(Centra! Bank o" India PO 2010)
%i8e answer '), if only assmption I is implicit.
%i8e answer '., if only assmption II is implicit.
%i8e answer '+, if either assmption I or II is implicit.
%i8e answer '/, if neither assmption I nor II is implicit.
%i8e answer '5, if "oth assmptions I and II are implicit.
(.)) Statement:
Please send an o#icial letter rather than
semio#icial on this s"Lect this time.
-ssmptions:
I. The format and emphasis of di#erent types of
letters is di#erent.
II. He can send di#erent types of letters on the
same s"Lect.
.
(.). Statement:
Please check the a8aila"ility of two tickets from
&elhi to Dcknow.
-ssmptions:
I. The person checking knows the desired mode
of tra8el.
II. The person checking knows the details of the
person tra8elling.
(.)+ Statement:
If yo want to increase yor writing speed@
se 4.1 pen.
-ssmptions:
I. There are di#erent types of pen a8aila"le.
II. The person "eing told nderstands what is 4.1
pen.
(.)/ Statement:
In order to "ild more space@ extra 7SI needs to
"e "oght.
-ssmptions:
I. The person "eing told does not know the
meaning of 7SI.
II. >ore space will redce the constrction cost.
(.)5 Statement:
Det there "e a sign"oard also indicating the
directions and instrctions.
-ssmptions:
I. Sign"oard can "e prepared withot sing any
langage.
II. Sign"oard is the only e#ecti8e tool to indicate
directions.
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )5)
&irections '(.)0*.4,
Each of the 6estions "elow consists of a 6estion and two
statements nm"ered I and II gi8en "elow it. Go ha8e to
decide whether the data pro8ided in the statements are s#icient to
answer the 6estion. 9ead "oth the statements
and
%i8e answer '), if the data in statement I alone is s#icient to
answer the 6estion@ while the data in statement II
alone is not s#icient to answer the 6estion.
%i8e answer '., if the data in statement II alone is s#icient to
answer the 6estion@ while the data in statement I
alone is not s#icient to answer the 6estion.
%i8e answer '+, if the data either in statement I alone or in
statement II alone is s#icient to answer the 6estion.
%i8e answer '/, if the data in "oth the statements I and II together
are not s#icient to answer the 6estion.
%i8e answer '5, if the data in "oth the statements I and II together
are necessary to answer the 6estion.
(.)0 En which day was Gasir "orn:
'<is date of "irth is 7e"rary .3.,
I. <e was "orn "etween year .445 and .4)).
II. <e will complete / years on 7e"rary .3@ .4)..
(.)1 Et of 0/ stdents@ +2 play "oth chess and cricket. <ow many
stdents play only chess:
I. Et of 0/ stdents@ .. stdents donKt play any game. / stdents
play only cricket.
II. Et of 0/ stdents@ .4 are girls and )4 of them donKt play any
game.
(.)2 Hhat is the total nm"er of stdents in the school:
I. The ratio of girls to "oys is . : +.
II. The nm"er of stdents has grown "y 5R this year as compared to
/R last year from the nm"er .444@
which it was year "efore last.
(.)3 Hho among the six of them is the tallest if %eetha is taller than
Shilpa and &eepa is taller than >eeta:
'Snita and Sadhana are the other two,.
I. Sadhana is taller than Snita.
II. Sadhana is taller than Shilpa and >eeta as well as &eepa.
(..4 En which date is -mitKs "irthday in Septem"er .4)4:
I. Dast year his "irthday was on the last Thrsday of the month in
Septem"er .443.
II. This year his "irthday will "e on the last 7riday of the month in
Septem"er .4)4.
Dogical 9easoning
)5. I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Dogical 9easoning Practice Set * ) ' -nswers \ Explanations,
-nswer: ) 'a,
Hhat is necessary is the pre8enti8e measres to protect
the people tra8elling on sch "ridges@ steps to a8oid reoccrrence
of sch e8ents. <ence@ only 'I, follows.
-nswer: . 'c,
The statement stresses on not paying attention to the
otside "eaty as the real "eaty is the inner "eaty.
So@ only III follows.
-nswer: + 'c,
?eeping in mind the safety and con8enience of
passengers@ "oth II and III follow. I do not follow as it
does not sol8e the pro"lem in hand. <ence@ option 'c,
is the right answer.
-nswer: / 'd,
CE- I is not feasi"le as Tony might also redce prices
of its phone after 7amsng and 9*phone do it. II is not
a practical decision as a company cannot lanch a new
prodct each time a competiti8e prodct comes in the
market. III is also not feasi"le as fling a sit may not
stop costmers from "ying TonyKs new phone. <ence@
option 'd, none follows.
-nswer: 5 '",
-ll the corses of action mentioned a"o8e are a right
procedre of spotting a reason "ehind a frad and
taking correcti8e measres.
-nswer: 0 'd,
-ccording to the statement@ we cannot conclde that
9C= is winning "ecase it has all the good players
rather it can "e a reslt of other teams not performing
well as well. He cannot also conclde from the gi8en
statement that since 9C= is topping the IchartsK@ it will
end p winning the IPD season 5 as topping the charts
does not ensre 8ictory in pcoming matches too.
Eption 'd, is the right answer.
-nswer: 1 '",
The statement a"o8e is a pro8er" which signifes that it
is important that we fght the e8il rather than complain
a"ot it. <ence@ II can "e conclded. I cannot "e
conclded as crsing shold "e encoraged or not
is not implied in the statement. Eption 'a, is the right
answer.
-nswer: 2 'a,
Since@ shows are likely to prodce a negati8e e#ect on
children we can conclde a pro"a"ility of the shows
not "eing reglated and censored. <owe8er@ II cannot
"e conclded as it is too general a statement. <ence@
option 'a, is the right answer.
-nswer: 3 '",
-ccording to the statement it can defnitely "e
conclded that for a society to "e worth li8ing for
e8eryone it is important that it has ci8iliJed citiJens "t
it cannot "e conclded that an nci8iliJed citiJen wold
necessarily make li8ing in the society InworthyK for
e8eryone. <ence@ option '", is the right answer.
-nswer: )4 'd,
The increase in petrol prices does not conclde that
people cannot a#ord it. -lso@ any comparison with
diamonds is not mentioned in the statement. <ence@
option 'd, is the right answer.
-nswer: )) 'a,
-rgment I is strong as it pro8ides the method "y which
we can control the polltion. -rgment II is weak as it
too general a statement and narrows the scope of the
argment to a single contry whereas corrption is a
pro"lem with "roader scope.
-nswer: ). 'a,
-rgment I is strong as it presents a logical reason for
which there shold "e elections in schools[colleges.
-rgment II is not strong as there are a lot of acti8ities
that are condcted in schools[colleges "t they do not
necessarily distract stdents from stdies.
-nswer: )+ 'd,
-rgment I is weak as it assmes that any contry
which will disco8er an nexplored no manKs land will
ha8e an increasing poplation to adLst. -lso@ e8en if
it is so a case then it is not strong enogh a reason.
-rgment II is weak too as all the contriesK gi8ing their
consent is not strong enogh a reason for allowing or
Dogical 9easoning
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )5+
not allowing alterations in international "orders.
-nswer: )/ 'a,
Clearly@ gi8ing S9 College an atonomos stats will help them in
implementing fair and impartial admission procedre
"t it will "e too mch an assmption to say that gi8ing away
admission procedre in the hands of selected few people
wold necessarily make it "iased and impartial.
-nswer: )5 'a,
It is a farfetched assmption that ci8il protests always create
disharmony in the contry. <ence@ argment I is weak.
-rgment II is strong as it directly answers the 6estion raised in
the statement.
-nswer: )0 'c,
If AGF Dtd. has annonced incenti8e schemes for their employees it
is o"8ios that they assme that sch scheme
wold moti8ate their employees to work "etter. <owe8er@ it cannot "e
assmed that withot any moti8ational incenti8e
scheme employees wonKt deli8er 6ality performance. -lso@ it cannot
"e assmed that incenti8es are E!DG method of
moti8ating employees.
-nswer: )1 'c,
Statement ad8ises yo to drink milk for good health "t it doesnKt
gi8e yo a scope to assme that milk is IeasilyK
a8aila"le. -lso@ it canKt "e assmed that if drinking milk "ring yo
good health then withot drinking milk yo wonKt "e
in good health. =t since there is an ad8ise gi8en in the statement
then it can defnitely "e assmed that athor "elie8es
that people want to "e in good health.
-nswer: )2 'd,
-ssmption I is 8alid as there has to "e some reason "ehind any
company to come p with an ad8ertisement.
-ssmption II is also 8alid for the same reason. -ssmption III is
also 8alid that is why the ad8ertisement is "ased on
these two points only.
-nswer: )3 'a,
-ssmption I is in8alid as "etter leader of tomorrow doesnKt mean
that the leaders of today are not e#icient enogh.
-ssmption II is in8alid as nothing is implied a"ot yong
generationKs interests. -ssmption III is also in8alid as
nothing can "e stated a"ot the need in the statement.
-nswer: .4 '",
-ssmption I is 8alid as ad8ise is gi8en on how to attain good health
which shows the importance of good health.
-ssmption II is in8alid as 9am ad8ises Shyam does not mean that
Shyam listens to what 9am ad8ises him. -ssmption
III is 8alid as it is the "ase of whole statement.
Dogical 9easoning
)5/ I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
Dogical 9easoning
Dogical 9easoning Practice Set * . '-nswers,
) '),
. '),
+ '.,
/ '),
5 '.,
0 '.,
1 '.,
2 '.,
3 '),
)4 '/,
)) '5,
). '),
)+ '5,
)/ '/,
)5 '/,
)0 '+,
)1 '),
)2 '.,
)3 '/,
.4 '+,
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )55
&ata S#iciency
Chapter: &ata S#iciency
Introdction:
&ata s#iciency 6estions are associated more with 6antitati8e
a"ility. These 6estions re6ire maximm clarity of
nderstanding. In &S 6estion we need to decide whether the data
gi8en is s#icient to answer the 6estion or not.
Each pro"lem consists of a 6estion followed "y two statement I and
II. He ha8e to determine whether the information
gi8en "y the statements is s#icient to answer the 6estion with this
we shold also rely on or knowledge of
mathematics and ordinary facts. These are the f8e option generally
pro8ided in the 6estion paper
'a, Statement I alone is s#icient to answer the 6estion.
'", Statement II alone is s#icient to answer the 6estion.
'c, Either statement I or II alone is s#icient to answer the 6estion.
'd, =oth the statement together are necessary to answer the
6estion.
'e, !either statement I nor II is s#icient to answer the 6estion.
7low chart for sol8ing &S 6estions:
Tricks:
To sol8e &S 6estions we shold go throgh the following tricks
). The gi8en data shold pro8ide the ni6e answer only@ then it will
"e considered as 8alid.
.. =t the ni6e answer does not mean that it cannot ha8e two
di#erent answers from two di#erent statements
separately.
+. The statement which simply states a mathematics formla is not
s#icient to answer the 6estion.
/. The data is not s#icient if a statement only repeats the
information gi8en in the 6estion.
5. Each statement shold "e treated as a separate statement. The
statement I can gi8e s something sefl and
then may "e the same information is gi8en in statement II with some
8ariation@ what we generally do is we dmp
the statement II thinking that we already ha8e the information in
statement I and we do not need the statement
II. =t there is also an option that either of the two statements alone
can sol8e the 6estion. So sol8e "oth the
statement separately.
0. There is an option that either of the two statements alone can
sol8e the 6estion. &o not choose this option Lst
"ecase one statement is helpfl. He positi8ely need "oth the
statement.
1. &o not forget to try "oth the statement together. In a "ig rsh we
often eliminate choice 'a, "ecase statement
I does not work. Then we eliminate '", as statement II does not
work. -nd then immediately we mark the option
that state that neither of the statement is s#icient. He forget that
there is a choice that state "oth the statement
)50 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
&ata S#iciency
together is necessary to sol8e the 6estion.
2. -s soon as we come to know that the data is s#icient to answer
the 6estion@ stop. &o not try to sol8e these &S
pro"lems till the end as the section is called data s#iciency not
pro"lem sol8ing.
Example'), The remainder when x is di8ided "y +4 is:
I. A is a mltiple of +.
II. A is a mltiple of 1
Soltion: 'e, !either statement I and II a one nor taken together can
gi8e s the remainder as in this case remainder
will 8ary with the 8ale of x.
Example '., The a8erage of + consecti8e odd integers is:
I. Ene of the integer is *)
II.The sm of two of the integers is /
Soltion: 'd, 7rom statement I@ we get
a*. a aO.
*) ) +
*+ *) )
*5 *+ *)
So we cannot fnd the a8erage from statement I only.
Bsing only II we can say that the nm"ers are *)@ )*@ + or )@ +@ 5
Bsing "oth the only possi"ility is *)@ )@ + and hence the a8erage can
"e fnd ot
Example '+, <ow many stdents appeared for the examination:
I. The passed stdents are only /4R.
II. The pass percentage wold ha8e "een /.R if )4 more stdents
passed the exam.
Soltion: 'd, Det the total nm"er of stdent appeared in the exam
"e x
Statement I gi8es the information of passed stdent i.e /4R.
Statement II is also not complete alone.
If "oth the statement are com"ined together we get@
<ence x can "e calclated.
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )51
Sol8ed Examples '&ata S#iciency,
&irections '(.)*5,: Each of the 6estions "elow
consists of a 6estion and three statements
nm"ered I@ II and III gi8en "elow it. Go ha8e to
decide whether the data pro8ided in the statements
are s#icient to answer the 6estion. 9ead all the
three statements and %i8e answer
(IBPS PO()* Previous Paper BSC 2012)
'), If the data in Statement I and II are s#icient to
answer the 6estion@ while the data in Statement III
are not re6ired to answer the 6estion.
'., If the data in Statement I and III are s#icient to
answer the 6estion@ while the data in Statement II
are not re6ired to answer the 6estion.
'+, If the data in Statement II and III are s#icient to
answer the 6estion@ while the data in Statement I
are not re6ired to answer the 6estion.
'/, If the data in Statement I alone or in Statement
II alone or in Statement III alone are s#icient to
answer the 6estion.
'5, If the data in Statement I alone or in Statement
I@ IIand III together are necessary to answer the
6estion.
(.) -mong six people P@ (@ 9@ S@ T and $@ each
li8es on a di#erent ]oor of a six*storey "ilding
ha8ing its six ]oors nm"ered one to six 'the
grond ]oor is nm"ered )@ the ]oor a"o8e
it@ nm"er .@ and so on@ and the topmost ]oor
is nm"ered 0,. Hho li8es on the topmost ]oor:
I. There is only one ]oor "etween the ]oors on
which 9 and ( li8e. P li8es on and e8ennm"ered
]oor.
II. T does not li8e on an e8en*nm"ered ]oor. (
li8es on an e8en*nm"ered ]oor. ( does not li8e
on the topmost ]oor.
III. S li8es on an odd*nm"ered ]oor. There are
two ]oors "etween the ]oors on which S and P
li8e. T lo8es on a ]oor immediately a"o8e 9Ks
]oor.
-nswer: '+,
Soltion:
7rom II and III: T li8es on and odd*nm"ered ]oor.
-lso@ T li8es immediately a"o8e 9. So@ 9 li8es on an
e8en*nm"ered ]oor which is not the topmost.
-gain@ II says ( li8es on an e8en nm"ered ]oor which
is not the topmost. Ths 9 and ( occpy ]oor . and /.
!ow@ S li8es on and odd*nm"ered ]oor. -nd there are
two ]oors "etween S and P. So@ P li8es on an e8ennm"ered
]oor and this mst "e ]oor 0 'the topmost,
(.. There are six letters H@ -@ 9@ S@ ! and E. Is
I-!SHE9K the word formed after performing
the following operations sing these six letters
only:
I. E is placed forth to the right of -. S is not
placed immediately next to either - or E.
II. 9 is placed immediately nest 'either left or right,
to E. H is placed immediately next 'either left or
right, to S.
III. =oth ! and H are placed immediately next to S.
The word does not "egin with 9. - is not placed
immediately next to H.
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
7rom I: e-eSeE or -eSeE
7rom II: 9E or E9N HS or SH
7rom III: !SH or HS!;'a, 9 not at the "eginning;
'", neither -H nor H-;'c,
7rom I and III 'a,: 9-!SHE 'rled ot "y III ",
9-HS!E 'rled ot "y III " and c,
-!SHE9 'possi"le,
-HS!E9 'rled ot "y III c,
<ence@ -!SHE9 is the word.
(.+ Point & is in which direction with respect to
point =:
I. Point - is to the west of Point =. Point C is to
the north of point =. Point & is to the soth of
Point C.
II. Point % is to the soth of Point &. Point % is /m
from Point =. Point & is 3m from Point =.
III. Point - is to the west of point =. Point = is
exactly midway "etween Point - and E. Point 7
is to the soth of Point E. Point & is to the west
of Point 7.
-nswer: '.,
&ata S#iciency
)52 I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning
&ata S#iciency
(./ <ow is IoneK coded in a code langage:
I. Ione of its kind@ is coded as IJo pi ko feK and Iin
kind and cashK is coded as Iga to r koK.
II. Iits point for originK is coded as I"a le fe miK and
Imake a point clearK is coded as Iy si mi deK.
III. Imake money and cashK is coded as Ito mi
r hyK and Imoney of 8arios kindK is coded as
I6 ko Jo hyK.
-nswer: '5,
(.5 -re all the for friends@ 8iJ -@ =@ C and &@ who
are sitting arond a circlar ta"le@ facing the
centre:
I. = sits second to the right of &. & faces the
centre. C sits on the immediate right of "oth =
and &.
II. - sits on the immediate left of =. C is not
an Immediate neigh"or of -. C sits on the
immediate right of &.
III. & is an immediate neigh"or of "oth - and
C. = sits on the immediate left of -. C sits on
the immediate right of =.
-nswer: '/,
&irections '(.0*)4,: Each of the 6estions "elow
consists of a 6estion and two statements nm"ered
I and II gi8en "elow it. Go ha8e to decide whether
the data pro8ided in the statements are s#icient to
answer the 6estion. 9ead "oth the statements and
gi8e answer
(RBI 5rade 6B7 O%i#er7s Exam 2011)
'), if the data in statement I alone are s#icient to
answer the 6estion@ while the data in statement II
alone are not s#icient to answer the 6estion.
'., if the data in statement II alone are s#icient to
answer the 6estion@ while the data in statement I
alone are not s#icient to answer the 6estion.
'+, If the data either in statement ) alone or in
statement II alone are s#icient to answer the
6estion.
'/, If the data in neither statement I nor II are s#icient
to answer the 6estion.
'5, if the data in "oth the statements I and Il together
are necessary to answer the 6estion.
(.0 -mong P@ (@ 9@ Sand T@ sitting in a straight line@
facing !orth@ who sits exactly in the middle of
the line:
I. P sits third to the left of S. T is an immediate
neigh"or of P as well as 9.
II. T sits second to the left of S. ( is not an
immediate neigh"or of either T or S.
-nswer: '5,
Soltion:
7rom I: There are two possi"le arrangements.
So@ either T or 9.
7rom II: There are two possi"le arrangements.
-gain@ either T or S.
Com"ining I and II:
(.1 -mong f8e friends -@ =@ C@ & and E@ sitting
arond a circlar ta"le@ facing the centre@ who
sitsK to the immediate right of -:
I. E sits third to the right of &. - is not an
immediate neigh"or of &.
II. C sits second to the left of =. - is not an
immediate neigh"or of C.
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
Bsing statement I:
Bsing statement II:
So@ "y sing statement I alone@ we can say that E sits
on the immediate right of -.
(.2 Hho among P@ (@ 9@ S and T is the tallest:
I. P is taller than Sand T "t shorter than 9. ( is
'a,
'",
'a,
'",
I=PS =-!? PE EA-> .4)+: : 9easoning )53
taller than S.
II.T is taller than S. P is not the tallest.
-nswer: '/,
Soltion:
E8en "y sing "oth the statements@ we are not a"le to determine who
is the tallest as we do not ha8e the exact idea
a"ot the height of (.
(.3 Is IE-STK the word formed after performing the following
operations on a word containing these for letters:
I. There is only one letter "etween - and T. E is to the left of -.
II. The word does not "egin with T. There is only one letter "etween
E and S. T is not an immediate neigh"or of E.
-nswer: '.,
Soltion:
7rom I: E-ST or ETS-.
<ence I alone is not s#icient.
7rom II: Enly E-ST is possi"le.
<ence II alone is s#icient.
(.)4 Is C the grandmother of >:
I. C is the mother of &. & is the "rother of >Ks father.
II. E is the mother of S. S is the sister of >. 7@ the ant of S@ is the
only daghter of C.
-nswer: '),
Soltion:
7rom I:
C'*,