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4541

Peraturan Pemarkahan
4541
KIMIA
Oktober
2013

BAHAGIAN PENGURUSAN
SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN SEKOLAH KECEMERLANGAN
KEMENTERIAN
MALAYSIA
KEMENTERIANPENDIDIKAN
PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PERATURAN PERMARKAHAN
PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN 2013
TINGKATAN 4

CHEMISTRY
FINAL EXAM
MARKING SCHEME

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PENTAKSIRAN DIAGNOSTIK AKADEMIK SBP

CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 (4541/1)
TINGKATAN 4 2013

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ANSWER SCHEME
CHEMISTRY KERTAS 2
SECTION A
QUESTION
1 (a)

DESCRIPTION
Number of proton in nucleus of its atom

MARK
1

(b)

X has 6 neutrons and Y has 8 neutrons.

(c)

(i)

Carbon-14 - to estimate the age of fossils and artifacts

Cobalt- 60 - kill cancer cells,sterilised medical instruments
Sodium-24 - detect leakage of underground pipes
(any one/ suitable answer)
2.8.5

(ii)

(d)

(iii)

3z

(e)

(i)

Q: gas
R: solid

(ii)

1
1
1

...2

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2

(a)

4
i)

ii)

solid

2.8.6//2,8,6
(reject 2:8:6)
Period 3

Atom T has 3 shells occupied with electrons

(reject T has 3 shells)
T

Proton number of atom T is higher than atom S//positive charges in atom

T is higher than in atom S

Therefore the nuclei attraction towards electrons in the shell in atom T is

stronger than in atom S//
The forces of attraction between nucleus and electrons in the shell is
stronger in atom T than in atom S

(b)
(c)

i)
ii)
iii)

(d)

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i)
ii)

...2
9

(a)

(i)

Chemical energy to electrical energy

(ii)

Zinc
Zinc is more electropositive than copper // Zinc is higher than copper in
the electrochemical series
(reject Zinc is more reactive than copper // Zinc is higher than
copper in the reactivity series)
Zn Zn2+ + 2e
Cu2+ + 2e Cu
Most electropositive metal : L
Least electropositive metal : K
L, J, M, K, Copper

1
1

Blue solution turns pale blue // Intensity of blue colour decreases //

brown solid is deposited// metal K becomes thinner.
Iron / Tin / Lead

iii)
(b)

i)
ii)
iii)
iv)

...2
1
1
1
1
1

...2
...2

1
10

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4

(a)

5
(i)

Neutralisation

(ii)

H2SO4 + KOH K2SO4 + 2H2O

Correct formula of reactants and products
Balenced equation
Pink to colourless

1
1
1

(iii)
(iv)

(b)

4541

(i)
(ii)

MaVa /MbVb =
(Ma x 10) / 1 x 25 =
Ma = 1.25moldm-3
or
mol of KOH = MV/1000 = 0.025 mol
from equation, 1 mol H2SO4 : 2 mol KOH
0.0125mol of H2SO4 : 0.025 mol KOH
Molarity of H2SO4 :
0.0125mol = M(10)/1000
M= 1.25moldm-3

1
1
1

Hydrogen ion
(reject H+)
There is no presence of hydrogen ion
because ethanoic acid did not ionises in dry propanone

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...2

1
1

1
1

...2
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5

(a)

6
(i)

(b)
(c)

(i)
(ii)

(d)

Chemical formula that shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms
of each element in the compound
Zinc / Magnesium / Aluminium
hydrochloric acid / suphuric acid
To prevent oxygen from entering the combustion tube and react again
with hot metal M.
Heating, cooling and weighing are repeated untill a constant mass is
obtained.

1
1
1
1

(i)
Element
Mass (g)
Number of mole
(mol)
Simplest ratio

(ii)
(e)

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(i)

M
0.64
0.64
0.01
64
1

O
0.16
0.16
0.01
16
1

Empirical formula is MO
MO + H2 M + H2O
Magnesium is more reactive than hydrogen// magnesium is higher than
hydrogen in reactivity series
(reject magnesium is more reactive//magnesium is higher than
hydrogen in Electrochemical Series)

1
1
1

...3

1
1

(ii)

Labelled
Functional

1
1

...2
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6

(a)
(b)
(c)

(i)
(ii)

(iii)

(d)

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Electrolysis is a process whereby an electrolyte is decomposed to its

constituent elements by passing electricity through it.
lead
bromine
Factor : Type of electrode
Cu Cu2+ + 2e
Correct formula of reactants and products
Balenced equation
blue colour remain unchanged
because the concentration of copper(II)ions remain unchanged// because
the number of copper(II)ion produced at anode is equal to the number of
copper(II)ion discharged at cathode.
Cathode : Iron spoon
Electrolyte : Silver nitrate solution
Advantage : Make the spoon more shiny and attractive // Prevent the
iron spoon from rusting

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1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

...2

...2

...2
1
1
1
...3
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SECTION B
7

(a)

(b)

(i)

Ionic bond

(ii)

Covalent bond

(i)

Between M and N
Electron arrangement of atom N is 2.8.1
Electron arrangement of atom M is 2.6
To achieve stable octet electron arrangement,
Atom N loses/donates/transfers 1 electrons to form N+ ion //
N N+ + e Atom M gains/receives/accept 2 electron to form M2- ion //
M + 2e- M2 The two oppositely-charged ions// the N+ and M2- ions are attracted by a
strong electrostatic force
To form a ionic compound with the formula N2M
Diagram

XX
X

+
X

1
1
1
1

2-

1
1
1
1

XX
X
(ii)

Between M and L
Electron arrangement of atom M is 2.6 and electron arrangement of
atom L is 2.4
One atom L contributes 4 electrons and (each) 2 atom M contributes two
electrons for sharing
Atom L shared 2 pairs of electron with 2 atoms M
to attain a stable octet electron arrangement respectively
Diagram

1
1
1
1
1

X
M

X
X

X
L
X
X

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X
X

M
Max
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Compound U has high melting and boiling point

Compound V has low melting and boiling point
Strong electrostatic force of attraction exists between the ions /the
oppositely-charged ions in compound U
(reject compound are attracted by strong electrostatic force)
Weak intermolecular forces //held together by weak (Van der Waals) force
of attractions between molecules in compound V
A lot of heat energy // high of energy is required to overcome the strong
forces in the compound U
little heat energy //low energy is needed to overcome the weak forces in the
compound V

(c)

1
1
1

1
1
1
...6
20

(a)

(i)

(ii)

(iii)
(b)

(c)

2SO2 + O2 2SO3
SO3 + H2SO4 H2S2O7
H2S2O7 + H2O 2 H2SO4
Temperature of the reaction in Stage II is 450-550 oC
The pressure required is 1 atmosphere
Vanadium(V) oxide is used as a catalyst
SO3 has a very low solubility in water
When SO3 dissolves in water, a lot of heat is produced.
1. Fibre glass is made from long glass fibres
2. mixed with plastic resin as the binding material.
3. Glass is hard, strong but relatively brittle.
4. Plastic is light, flexible but not strong.
5. Fibre glass is strong, light and flexible.
Pure copper
Copper
atoms

1
1
1

...3
1
...3

1
1

...2

1
1
1
1
1

...5

The atoms are of the same size and arranged in an orderly manner
The layers of atoms slide over one another easily when a force is applied

Brass

1
1
1

1
1

Copper atom

1
Zinc atom

The presence of zinc atoms of different size

disrupts the orderly arrangement of the copper atoms in brass
This makes it difficult for the layers of atoms to slide over one another
when a force is applied.

1
1
1
...7

20

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SECTION C
9

(a)

Chemical substances that ionise in water to produce hydroxide ion.

(b)

(c)

(i)

Sodium hydroxide solution is a strong alkali that dissociates/ionises

completely in water.
Ammonia solution is a weak is a weak alkali that dissociates/ionises
partially in water
The concentration of hydroxide ion in sodium hydroxide solution is
higher than in ammonia solution.
pH of sodium hydroxide solution is higher than ammonia solution.
Standard solution is the solution with known concentration.
3

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1
1

...4

-3

Preparation of 250 cm of 1 mol dm of sodium hydroxide

solution
Materials : solid sodium hydroxide, distilled water //
Apparatus : Electronic balance, beaker, 250 cm3 volumetric
flask, filter funnel, glass rod
[Accept from labelled diagram / description]
Calculation :
No. of moles of NaOH = 1 250
1000
= 0.25 mol
RFM of NaOH
= 23 + 16 +1 = 40
Mass of NaOH
= 0.25 40
= 10 g
Procedure :
1. Weigh 10 g of solid sodium hydroxide and
2. dissolve in 100 cm3 of distilled water in a beaker.
3. Stir the solution using a glass rod.
4. Pour the solution into 250 cm3 volumetric flask using a filter
funnel.
5. Rinse the beaker, filter funnel with distilled water and transfer the
solution into volumetric flask
6. Add distilled water drop by drop into the volumetric flask until
reaches the graduation mark.
7. Stopper the volumetric flask and shake the volumetric flask.
M1V1 = M2V2
1.0 (25) = M2 (100)
M2 = 0.25 mol dm-3

1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1

...12

...2
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10

11

(a)

4541

[A suitable salt]
[a suitable uses]

1
1

Suggested answer
Agriculture:Ammonium nitrate: used as fertilizer; copper(II) sulphate as
pesticide
Medical field: iron(II) sulphate heptahydrate found in iron pills for
patients suffering anaemia
Food industry: sodium chloride/monosodium glutamate as food additive;
sodium benzoate/sodium chloride as preservative
(b)

(i)

Hydrochloric acid
Magnesium /zinc
[Correct formulae of reactants & products]
[Balanced chemical equation]

...2
1
1
1
1

Suggested answer
2HCl + Mg MgCl2 + H2
(ii)

(c)

...4

1. Copper (II) oxide is added until excess into a beaker filled with
[20 150 cm3] [0.1 2.0 mol dm-3] nitric acid (and is heated)
2. Stir the mixture during heating
3. Filter the mixture to remove excess solid
4. The filtrate is filled into a beaker and is added with potassium
carbonate solution.
5. Stir and filter the mixture.
6. Rinse the residue by using distilled water.
7. Dry the residue by pressing between filter papers.

Chemical equations:
8.
CuO + 2HNO3 Cu( NO3 )2 + H2O
9.
Cu( NO3 )2 + Na2 CO3 Cu CO3 + 2Na NO3

1
1

Test for cation (Cu2+)

1. Pour 2 cm3 of the solution into a test tube and add small amount
sodium hydroxide solution until excess.
2. A blue precipitate which is insoluble in excess sodium hydroxide
solution is formed.
Test for anion (NO3-)
1. Add 2cm3 dilute sulphuric acid into the solution.
2. Then add 2cm3 of Iron(II)sulphate solution into the mixture and
shaken.
3. Then slants the test tube/slowly add concentrated sulphuric acid.
4. Brown ring is form

1
1
1
1
1
1

...8

1
1

1
1
1
1

...6

20

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4541

MARKING SCHEME
CHEMISTRY KERTAS 3
Question

Rubric

Score

Able to record the temperature accurately with one decimal place.

Answer :

1(a)

Initial temperature :
30 s :
60 s :
90 s :
120 s :
150 s :
180 s :
210 s :

95.0 oC
89.0 oC
84.0 oC
83.0 oC
83.0 oC
83.0 oC
77.0 oC
70.0 oC

Able to record any four temperature accurately with one decimal

place // All temperature correctly without one decimal place

Question

1(b)

Able to record any two temperature correctly

No response or wrong response

Rubric
Able to plot a graph of temperature against time of the experiment
which fulfills all the following items correctly
(i) axes labelled correctly with units
(ii) uniform scale
(iii) all points plotted correctly
(iv) best fit curve of graph and more than size of graph
paper
Able to plot a graph of temperature against time of the experiment
with at least 3 items less accurately
(i) axes labelled without units
(ii) uniform scale used
(iii) all points plotted correctly
(iv) best fit curve of graph

Score

Able to show an idea of plotting a graph with at least 2 items.

No response or wrong response

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Question

13

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Rubric
Able to determine the freezing point correctly with the following
items :
- Mark on the graph
- Label 830C//freezing point on the graph paper
Answer: 83.0oC
Temperature / 0C

Score

Freezing point//830C

Time/s

1(c)

Able to determine the freezing point less accurately with at least two
items:
Sample answer
Answer: 83
2

Able to show an idea how to determine the freezing point with at least
one items:
Answer: 83
No response given / wrong response

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Question

1(d)

14

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Rubric
Able to state the changes of physical state during cooling process with
following items:
1. Liquid until 90 s
2. Liquid and solid from 90 s till 150 s
3. Solid from 150 s till 210 s
Able to state the changes of physical state during cooling process with
at least two items:
Able to give an idea of changes of physical state
Sample answer:
Liquid to solid
No response given / wrong response

Question

Rubric
Able to classify all the chemical substances correctly
Answer:
Covalent Compound
Glucose
Tetrachloromethane,
Propanol

Ionic Compound
Iron (II) sulphate,
Magnesium oxide
Sodium iodide

Score

1
0

Score

1(e)
Able to classify any four chemical substances correctly

Able to classify any three chemical substances correctly or give

opposite answers
Sample answer:
Covalent Compound
Iron (II) sulphate,
Magnesium oxide
Sodium iodide
No response or wrong response

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Ionic Compound
Glucose
Tetrachloromethane,
Propanol

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Question

15

Rubric
Able to write all observation correctly

4541

Score

Sample answer:
Experiment
I
2(a)

II

Observation
2. Brown solid is formed.

1. Iron wool glows dimly/ faintly

Able to state any one observations correctly

Able to give an idea of observation.

Sample answer :

Solid is formed // iron wool burns/ glows

No response given / wrong response

Question

2(b)

Rubric
Able to state inference correctly for experiment I
Sample answer:
Chlorine most/very reactive halogen towards hot iron //
Iron (III) chloride is formed //
Chlorine reacts with hot iron to formed iron (III) chloride.
Able to state inference less correctly
Sample answer:
Chlorine very reactive //
Iron chloride is formed.
Able to state any idea of inference
Sample answer:
Chlorine reacts with iron
No response or wrong response

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Score

1
0

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Question

2(c)

16

Rubric
Able to predict the position of X correctly
Sample answer :
Chlorine, X, Iodine //
Between chlorine and iodine
Able to arrange all two halogens in descending order of reactivity
correctly.
Sample answer :
X is higher than iodine // X is lower than chlorine
Able to arrange either chlorine or iodine in the correct place
Sample answer :
X is in group 17
No response given / wrong response

Question

Rubric
Able to state All variables correctly

4541

Score

1
0

Score

Sample answer :
Manipulated variable : Halogen // Chlorine, bromine and iodine

Responding variable : Reactivity of halogen// Brightness of the flame

2(d)

Constant variable

: Iron wool

Able to state any two variables correctly

Able to state any one variable correctly

No response or wrong response

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Question

17

Rubric
Able to give the hypothesis correctly (MV, RV)

4541

Score

Sample answers :
The higher position of halogen in group 17, the higher the reactivity of

halogen towards hot iron.

Able to give the hypothesis less accurately.
2(e)

Sample answers :
The higher position of halogen in group 17, the higher the reactivity of

halogen //
The more reactive halogen is at the higher position in group 17
Able to state an idea of the hypothesis
Sample answer :

Different halogen, different reactivity.

No response or wrong response

Question

Rubric
Able to state the operational definition with following aspects:
1. Halogen which is high position in group 17 //
More reactive halogen is
2. Passed through over hot iron
3. Brighter / bigger flames produced.

2(f)

Score

Sample answer:
When a more reactive halogens is passed through hot iron a brighter
flame is produced.
Able to state the operational definition less correctly.
Sample answer:
When halogens react with iron, a bright flame is produced.
Able to give an idea of reactivity.

Sample answer:
Halogen produces different brightness/ flame/glow
No response given / wrong response

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Question
Rubric
3(a)
Able to state the problem statement correctly

4541

Score
3

Sample answer :
Does the concentration of electrolyte/ copper (II) chloride solution
affect the selection of ions to be discharged / products formed at
anode?
Able to state the problem statement less accurately

Sample answer :
Does the concentration of solution affect / the selection of ions to be
discharged / products formed at electrodes? //
To investigate the effect of concentration on selection of ions to be
discharged at electrodes.
Able to give an idea of the problem statement

Sample answer :
Different concentration gives different product of electrolysis
No response or wrong response

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19

Question
Rubric
3(b)
Able to state the relationship correctly (MV RV)

4541

Score
3

Sample answer :
Copper(II) chloride solution with different concentration produce
different product at anode //
When concentrated copper (II) chloride solution is used, chlorine
gas is produced at anode /chloride ions selected to be discharged at
anode //
When dilute copper (II) chloride solution is used, oxygen gas is
produced at anode /hydroxide ions selected to be discharged at
anode
Able to state the hypothesis by without stating name of electrolyte used.

Sample answer :
When more concentrated solution is used, chlorine gas is produced
at anode
Electrolyte with different concentration affect the product at
electrode
Able to state the idea of any one of the above

Sample answer :
Different concentration of solution gives different product
No response or wrong response

Question
3(c)

Rubric
Able to state all the three variables correctly

Score
3

Sample answer
Manipulated variable : Concentration of copper (II) chloride solution
Responding variable : Product formed at anode //
Ion selectively discharged at anode
Constant variable

: Copper (II) chloride solution// type of electrodes

Able to state any two variables correctly

Able to state any one variable correctly

No response or wrong response

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Question
3(d)

4541

Rubric
Able to give complete list of substances and apparatus

Score
3

Sample answer :
Substances: copper(II)chloride 1.0 mol dm-3 and 0.0001 mol dm-3
Apparatus : carbon rod, connecting wires, power supply/batteries,
beaker/electrolytic cell, test tube
Able to give at least 1 substances and 4 apparatus

Sample answer :
Copper(II)chloride 1.0 mol dm-3 // 0.0001 mol dm-3
Beaker/electrolytic cell, connecting wires, carbon rod and power
supply/batteries
Able to give at least one substances and 3 apparatus

Sample answer :
Copper(II)chloride ,electrolytic cell, power supply and wires
0
No response or wrong response

Question
Rubric
3(e)
Able to list all the steps correctly

Score
3

Sample answer
1. Fill the beaker about half filled with 1.0 mol dm-3 copper(II)
chloride solution
2. Carbon rod that connected with wires then immersed into the
solution.
3. The other end of the connecting wire then connect to the power
supply
4. Fill up the small test tube with copper (II) chloride solution then
invert into one of the carbon rod that connected to positive
terminal of power supply.
5. Switch is on for about 20 minutes.
6. Observe all changes and record.
7. Steps 1 until 6 are repeated by replacing 1.0 mol dm-3 copper
(II) chloride with 0.0001 mol dm-3 copper (II) chloride solution.
Able to list down steps 1,2,5 and 7

Able to give idea for step 1 and 5

No response or wrong response

1
0

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4541

Question
Rubric
3(f)
Able to tabulate the data with the following aspects

Score
2

Sample answer :
Electrolytes

Observation
Anode
Cathode

Copper (II) chloride

solution, 1.0 mol dm-3
Copper (II) chloride
solution, 0.0001 mol dm3

Or
Set

Observation
Anode

Cathode

I
II
Able to tabulate the data incompletely
Electrolyte

1
Observation

0
No response or wrong response

END MARKING SCHEME

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