SPM Chemistry skema set 12 paper 2 1

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Section A

1 (a) (i) The number of protons in an atom 1

(ii) 12 1

(b) X and Y 1
Because same proton number/the number of proton but difference
number of neutron/nucleon number 1

(c) 2.8.7 1

(d) (i)

17p

18n

Electron arrangement 1
Label 17p & 18n 1
(ii) 7 1
(iii) Y- 1

(e) 35
17 X 1
10

2 (a) 2.7 1

(b) (i) Period 2 1

(ii) Atomic size of X is smaller than V // Atomic size of V bigger than 1
X.
(iii) The number of proton in atom X is more than V. 1
The attraction by the nucleus on electron in atom X is stronger than 1
V.
or
The number of proton in atom V is less than X. 1
The attraction by the nucleus on electron in atom V is weaker than 1…...……2
X.

(c) (i) VW4 1

(ii) has low melting / boiling point // cannot conduct electricity
in any state // soluble in organic solvent 1

(d) (i) Ionic compound 1

(ii)

U W
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[Number of electron each shells are correct] 1

[Number of charge symbol are correct] 1

10

3 (a) Chemical to electrical 1

(b) Cu2+, H+, OH- and SO42- 1

(c) (i) Zinc 1

(ii) Zinc atom releases electrons//Zinc more electropositive // Zn above
in electrochemical series 1

(d) (i) Brown solid deposited 1

(ii) Cu2+ + 2e  Cu 1

(e) Blue to colourless// Blue become fade/ paler // The intensity of 1

blue colour decreases.
The number of copper(II) ions decreases //The concentration of
copper(II) ions decr 1

(f) (i) Cu, R, Q, P 1

(ii) 1.5 V 1

10

4 (a) (i) Saponification 1

(ii) Concentrated sodium hydroxide solution 1
(iii) to lower the solubility of soap 1
(iv) Water: x Grease: y 1

(b) (i) silicon dioxide 1

(ii) inert towards chemicals 1
(iii) Borosilicate glass 1

(c) (i) Structural material that is formed by combining two or more

different subtances. 1
(ii) silver bromide / Copper(I) chloride 1
(iii) darken when exposed to sunlight
10
5 (a) (i) alcohol 1

(b) (i) H H H H 1

H C C C C-O-H

H H H H
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(ii) 2-methylpropan-2-ol 1

(c) (i) Esterification 1

(ii) C4H9OH + C3H7COOH→ C3H7COOC4H9 + H2O 1
(iii) Insoluble in water // sweet smell // volatile 1

(d) [Functional diagram] 1

[Label] 1

(e) (i) Addition reaction 1

(ii) The colour of bromine water change from brown to colourless 1

10

6 (a) To allow the movement of ions. 1

(b)
e G
e
e e
Electrode P Electrode Q

Potassium iodide
Chlorine water
solution

Dilute sulphuric acid

1

(c) (i) Colourless change to brown 1

(ii) Place a few drops of starch solution. 1
A blue precipitate is formed. 1

(d) Iodide ion // potassium iodide 1

Loss electron//increase in oxidation number 1

(e) Cl2 + 2e  2Cl- 1

(f) Bromine water // acidified KMnO4 solution // acidified K2Cr2O7 1

solution

(g) 0 to -1 1
10
Section B

7 (a) (i) Copper(II)oxide 1

Carbon dioxide 1
CuCO3→ CuO + CO2 1………...3

(ii) Yellow precipitate 1

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Lead(II) iodide 1

2KI + Pb(NO3)2 → PbI2 + 2KNO3

Formula of reactants and products are correct 1
Balance 1………...4

(b) XH react with QY2 to produce QX2 and HY //

Reactants : XH and QY2 Products : QX2 and HY 1

HX aqueous solution react with QY2 aqueous solution to

produce QX2 solid and HY aqueous solution 1

2 mole of HX react with 1 mole of QY2 to produce

1 mole of QX2 and 2 mole of HY. 1

HX : Hydrochloric acid / HCl 1

QY2 : Lead (II)nitrate / Pb(NO3)2 1………...5
(c) (i) C H
85.70 14.30
12 1 1

7.14 14.30
7.14 7.14

1 2 1

The empirical formula CH2 1………..3

(ii) ( CH2 )n = 56

[ 12 + 2(1) ]n = 56 1

56 // 4 1
14
The molecular formula C4H8 1………..3
(iii) Empirical formula Molecular formula
The formula shows that carbon The formula shows that carbon
and hydrogen are present and hydrogen are present
The formula shows that the The formula shows that one
ratio of carbon to hydrogen is molecule of X consists of 4
1:2 carbon atoms and 8 hydrogen
atoms 1 + 1……2
20

8 (a) Size of solid particles

Concentration of solution 1
Temperature 1
Catalyst 1……3
[any three]
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(b) (i) Mg + 2H+  Mg2+ + H2 1

(ii) Comparing experiment II and experiment I

The concentration of hydrochloric acid in experiment II

is higher than experiment I . 1

The frequency of collision between H+ ions and

magnesium atom increases. 1

The frequency of effective collision increases. 1

Comparing experiment II and experiment III

The total surface area of magnesium in experiment III

is larger than experiment II. 1

The frequency of collision between H+ ions

and magnesium atom increases. 1

The frequency of effective collision increases. 1

Comparing experiment II and experiment IV

Copper(II) sulphate solution is a catalyst 1

It lower the activation energy 1
The number of effective collision increases. 1….. 9

(iii) The time taken becomes shorter / less than 60s 1

When the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of H +

ions increases / H+ ions move faster. 1

The frequency of effective collision between H + ions and magnesium

atom increases // The number of effective collision increases. 1........3

(c) The temperature inside the refrigerator is lower 1

Bacteria are not active at low temperature 1
Decomposition of milk caused by bacteria will slow down 1
This will keep the milk fresh for a longer period 1…...4
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Section C

9.
(a) (i) 1. acid and metal oxide 1
2. acid and reactive metal 1
3. acid and metal carbonate 1 …3
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(ii) Sample answer

[ Name any acid ] and [ Name any metal / metal oxide / metal carbonate ] 1
[ Name equivalent salt and water// water + CO 2 // water + H2] 1
[ Balanced equation ]
1… 3

(b) (i) [chemical substances - 1 mark]

[ apparatus - 1 mark]
[procedure - 7 marks]
[chemical equation - 1 mark]

Sample answer :
1. [chemical substances]
magnesium powder /magnesium oxide(Hydroxide, carbonate)
and sulphuric acid 1

2. [ apparatus]
Beaker, filter funnel, filter paper, glass rod 1
3. [procedure]
[20 – 100] cm3 sulphuric acid [0.5 – 2.0 ] mol dm-3 is poured into a beaker 1
4. magnesium powder is added to sulphuric acid until undissolved /excess /
no more effervescence 1
5. Stir
6. the mixture is filtered 1
7. the filtrate is evaporated until saturate (one-third of it original volume) 1
8. the saturated solution is then allowed to cool to room temperature. 1
9. crystals is dried between filter paper 1
10. [chemical equation]
Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2 // MgO + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2O//
MgCO3 + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O 1.... 10

(ii) [ test for sulphate ]

1. Each of solution is filled into a two test tube 1

2. Lead (II) nitrate/ Silver nitrate is added to both of test tube 1
3. If no change occur  magnesium nitrate solution 1
4. If white precipitate is formed magnesium sulfat solution 1.... 4

OR [test for nitrate]

1. Each of solution is filled into a two test tube 1

2. [Add] dilute sulphuric acid, Iron (II) sulphate solution, concentrated
sulphuric acid to both of test tube 1
3. if brown ring is formed  magnesium nitrate solution 1
4. If no changes occur  magnesium nitrate solution 1... 4
20

10 (a) (i) The heat given off when one mole of an alcohol is burnt completely in an
excess of oxygen. 1
(ii) As the number of carbon atom increase, the value of heat combustion 1
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increase.
The greater the number of carbon atoms, the more products will be 1
obtained.
More heat is released for the formation of bonds 1
(b) Procedure :
1. Measure [100 -250] cm3 of water and pour it into the copper
container /aluminium can 1
2. Measure and record the initial temperature of the water. 1
3. Fill the small lamp with alcohol* then weigh it and record the
initial mass. 1
4. Light the wick of the lamp. 1
5. Place the lamp as near as possible to the copper container.//
[ Diagram : Using wooden block ] 1
6. [The apparatus is protected by a wind shield] // [Diagram] 1
7. Stir the water continuously. 1
8. Put out / blown out the flame when the temperature rises [ 10 –
30 ] oC and record the highest temperature of the water. 1
9. Weigh the lamp as quickly as possible and record the final mass. 1
Result :
Initial temperature of the water/ oC = T1
Highest temperature of the water/ oC = T2
Temperature rise of the water/ oC = T2 – T1 1
Initial mass of lamp + alcohol* / g = m1
Final mass of lamp + alcohol* / g = m2
Mass of alcohol that was burnt / g = m1 – m2
Calculation :
Energy chage/heat given off = 200 × 4.2 × (T2 – T1) 1

m1 – m2
Number of mole of alcohol = 1
Mr of alcohol*

Energy change
Heat of combustion of alcohol*, ΔH =
Number of mole of alcohol

200 × 4.2 × (T2 – T1)

= 1
m1 – m2
Mr of alcohol* 13
Max
12

(c)
Number of mole of lead(II) nitrate = = 0.1 mol
or
Number of mole of sodium sulphate = = 0.1 mol
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1
Ratio of mole :
1 mol Pb(NO3)2 / Na2SO4 → 1 mol PbSO4
 0.1 mol Pb(NO3)2 / Na2SO4 → 0.1 mol PbSO4 1

Energy chage/heat given off = 200 × 4.2 × 10

= 4200 J 1

4200
Heat of precipitation of PbSO4 =
0.1
= 42000 J mol-1 / 4.2 kJ mol-1
1…4

20

END OF MARKING SCHEME