Scribd
Upload
184 views5 pages

Phylum Porifera by Iowa State University

The document discusses the classification and diversity of sponges. It describes the three main classes of sponges: Calcarea, Demospongiae, and Hexactinellida. Calcarea contains small, colorless species and makes up around 500 described species. Demospongiae is the largest class, containing over 6000 described species of all shapes, sizes, and colors found in both marine and freshwater environments. Hexactinellida contains siliceous spicules and lives mainly in deep waters. The document provides examples of species from different habitats to illustrate sponge diversity.

Uploaded by

Ulises
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
184 views5 pages

Phylum Porifera by Iowa State University

The document discusses the classification and diversity of sponges. It describes the three main classes of sponges: Calcarea, Demospongiae, and Hexactinellida. Calcarea contains small, colorless species and makes up around 500 described species. Demospongiae is the largest class, containing over 6000 described species of all shapes, sizes, and colors found in both marine and freshwater environments. Hexactinellida contains siliceous spicules and lives mainly in deep waters. The document provides examples of species from different habitats to illustrate sponge diversity.

Uploaded by

Ulises
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Phylum Porifera

(sponges)

Classification of sponges

Diversity

Class Calcarea

Class Demospongiae

Class Hexactinellida

Share cellular
organization
(cellular vs. syncitial)
Share spicules
chemistry
(carbonate vs. silicon
dioxide)

Diversity of sponges

Class Calcarea

obscure and taxonomically difficult


beautiful and fragrant
small, colorless
~500 described species
likely a monophyletic group

Class Demospongiae

Class Hexactinellida

Diversity of sponges

Class Calcarea

Class Hexactinellida = Glass Sponges

Class Demospongiae

Entirely marine and usually deep water

Living tissues are mainly syncytial

Siliceous spicules of triaxonic symmetry;


usually fuse together
~500 described species

Diversity of sponges

Euplectella aspergillum = Venuss flower basket

Class Calcarea
Class Demospongiae

Marine and freshwater; all depths

~6000 described species

All shapes and colors


Siliceous spicules, collagen fibers, both or
none

Class Hexactinellida

Neofibularia nolitangere

Verongula rgida

Ircinia strobilina

C
O
R
A
L

Haliclona manglaris

Oceanapia nodosa

Aplysina archeri

Agelas conifera

Aplysina fistularis

Ptilocaulis walpersi

Geodia neptuni

Tedania ignis

Mycale
microsigmatosa

Chalinula molitba

M
A
N
G
R
O
V
E
S

Amphimedon erina

R
E
E
F

Cliona delitrix

Photos by MC Daz

Photos by S. Zea

Hyalonema
Tedania ignis

Xestospongia muta

Clathria shoenus

Spheciospongia vesparia

Aphrocallistes vastus

S
E
A
G
R
A
S
S

Leys

Platylistrum
Rosella

Amphimedon viridis, Aplysina fulva, Chondrilla nucula, Clathria


eschoenus, Cliona varians, Desmapsamma anchorata, Dysidea etheria
Photos by S. Zea and MC Daz

Staurocalyptus
dowlingi

Pleurochorium
annandale

Hexactinellid Sponges

200 - 8000 m

D
E
E
P
S
E
A

Volkmer-Ribeiro

Lubromirskia baicalensis

Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera
Ephydatia muelleri

Spongilla lacustris

Eichhornia crassipes

Volkmer-Ribeiro

Radiospongilla

F
R
E
S
H
W
A
T
E
R

amazoniensis

What is a sponge?

A porous animal (Porifera = pore bearing)


From NBE

What is a sponge?

A lucrative industry. Traders distinguish 400 commercial


varieties. In fact, only 7 (endangered) species from
Mediterranean and 9 species from Caribbean
Fortunately, bath sponges are only a few species out of ~
15,000 (Well see why shortly)

What is a sponge?

Metazoans with a cellular grade of


organization, no organs, no nerves, no true
tissues

Sessile; movement limited to concerted


crawling by cells (re-modeling)

Adults asymmetrical; larvae radially


symmetrical

Body a system of water canals

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy