IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)

e-ISSN: 2278-5728, p-ISSN: 2319-765X. Volume 11, Issue 1 Ver. VI (Jan - Feb. 2015), PP 35-41
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On Double Elzaki Transform and Double Laplace Transform

1

Abaker. A. Hassaballa,2Yagoub. A. Salih

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Northern Border University, Arar91431 , K. S. A. P.O.Box1321

2
Department of Mathematics, College of Applied Health Sciences, Taif University-Tarbah.
1
Department of Mathematics, College of Applied & Industrial Sciences, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan

Abstract: In this paper, we applied the method double Elzaki transform to solve wave equation in one
dimensional and the results are compared with the resultsof double Laplace transform.
Keyword:Double Elzaki troundaryansform, Double Laplace transform, Inverse Double Elzaki transform,
Convolution.

I.

Introduction

The wave equation is an important second-order linear partial differential equation which generally
describes all kinds of waves, such as sound waves, light waves and water waves. It arises in many different
fields, such as acoustics, electromagnetics, and fluid dynamics. Variations of the wave equation are also found in
quantum mechanics and general relativity. Historically, the problem of a vibrating string such as that of a
musical instrument was studied by Jean le Rondd'Alembert, Leonhard Euler, Daniel Bernoulli, and Joseph-Louis
Lagrange. In 1746, dAlambert discovered the one-dimensional wave equation, and within ten years Euler
discovered the three-dimensional wave equation.
In recent years, many researches have paid attention to find the solution of partial differential equations
by using various methods. Among theseare the double Laplace transform, the double Sumudu transform [3-7],
differential transform method [15], various ways have been proposed recently to deal with these partial
differential equations, one of these combination is Elzaki transform method [8-14]. The Elzaki transform a kind
of modified Laplaces / Sumudu, was introduce by Elzaki in 2011 and it is defined by

E f (t ) v f (t ) exp(t / v )dt T (v ). (1)

0

For E f (t ) T (v ), Where f (t ) isa functionfor all real numbers

t 0.

Where Elzaki transform defined over the set of function.

t

kj
j
A f (t ) : M, k1 , k 2 0, f (t ) Me , if t (-1) [0, )

the constant M must be finite number, k1 , k 2 may be finite or infinite.

II.

Double Elzaki Transform And Double Laplace Transform

Let f (x , t ) be a function that can be express as convergent infinite series andlet (x , t ) R , thenthe double
2

Elzaki transform is denoted by

E 2 f (x , t ) and defined by

E 2 f (x , t ) : (u ,v ) uv f (x , t )e

x t

u v

dx dt T (u ,v ), (2)

0 0

where x , t 0 and u , v are transform variables for x and t respectively, whenever the improper integral
is convergent.
Double Elzaki transform of the second partial derivative with respect to x is of form
x

2 f (x , t )

f (x , t ) u v
v
E2
:
(
u
,
v
)

uv
e
dxdt

v
e

2
0 0 x 2
0
x

2f (x , t ) ux
e dx
u
2

x
0

dt ,

the integral inside the bracket is

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On Double Elzaki Transform and Double Laplace Transform

2f (x , t ) ux
T (u , t )
f (0, t )
e dx =
f (0, t ) u
, (3)
2
2
x
u
x
0
By taking Elzaki transform with respect to t for equation (3), we get adouble Elzaki transform in the form
2 f (x , t )
T (u ,v )
T (0,v )
(4)
E2
: (u ,v )
T (0,v ) u
.
2
2
u
x
x

2 f (x , t )
as
t 2
2 f (x , t )
T (u ,v )
T (u , 0)
E2
: (u ,v )
T (u , 0) v
.
2
2
v
t
t

Similarly, we get double Elzaki transformof

(5)

The double Laplace transform of a function of two variables defined in the positive quadrant of the xt -plane is
given by:

L x Lt f (x , t ) : ( p , s ) e

px

f (x ,t )e

st

dx dt F ( p , s ),

(6)

where x , t 0 and p , s are transform variables for x and t respectively, whenever the improper integral
is convergent.
Double Laplace transform of first order partial derivative definedas follow

f (x , t )
Lx Lt
pF ( p , s ) F (0, s ), (7)
x

Double Laplace transform for second partial derivative with respect to

f (x , t )
F (0, s )
2
Lx Lx
.
p F ( p , s ) pF (0, s )
2
x
x

is defined as

(8)

Similarly, double Laplace transform for second partial derivative with respect to t is

2 f (x , t )
F ( p , 0)
2
Lt Lt
.
s F ( p , s ) sF ( p , 0)
2
t
t

(9)

Double Laplace transformsof a mixed partial derivative with respect to

and t can be defined as

f (x , t )
L x Lt
psF ( p , s ) pF ( p , 0) sF (0, s ) F (0, 0). (10)

Theorem (1): Considera function f in the set A defined by

f (x , t ) f (x , t ) A M , k 1 , k 2 0 such that f (x , t ) M e

x t
k i2

, i 1, 2 and (x , t ) R 2

with double Laplace transform F ( p , s ), and double Elzaki transform T (u ,v ) ,

thenT

1 1
(u ,v ) uvF , , where M , k 1 , k 2 R
u v

Proof: Let f (x ,t ) A and k 1 u ,v k 2 , T (u ,v ) u v

2

Let

T (u ,v ) u v

f (ux ,vt )e

f (ux ,vt )e

( x t )

dxdt ,

0 0

ux and vt , we have
2

dxdt uv f ( , )e

( x t )

u v

1 1
d d uvF ,
u v

0 0
0 0
Note:
The double Laplace transform and double Elzaki transform having strong relation.

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On Double Elzaki Transform and Double Laplace Transform

1 1
1 1
T (u ,v ) L x Lt f (x , t ); , uvF , , or
u v
u v

1 1
1 1
T ( p , s ) L x Lt f (x , t ); , ps F ,
p s
p s

(11)

Definition (1):Let f (x , t ) and g (x , t ) be piecewise continuous functions on

[0, ) and

having double

Laplace transform F ( p , s ) andG ( p , s ) respectively, then thedouble convolution of the functions f (x , t )

and g (x , t ) exist and defined by
t x

f **g (x , t ) f ( , ) g (x , t )d d ,

(12)

0 0

Lx Lt f **g (x , t );( p , s ) F ( p , s )G ( p , s ),

(13)

f (x , t ) and g (x , t ) be defined in A and having the double Laplace transform F ( p , s )

Theorem(2): Let

and G ( p , s ) respectively, and also having double Elzaki transform M (u ,v ) and N (u ,v ) respectively, then
the double Elzaki transform of the convolution of f (x , t ) and g (x , t ) is given by

1
M (u ,v )N (u ,v )
uv
Proof: The Laplace transform of f **g (x , t ) is given by
E 2 f **g (x , t );(u ,v )

Lx Lt f **g (x , t );( p , s ) F ( p , s )G ( p , s ).
From theorem(1) we have

E 2 f **g (x , t );(u ,v ) uvLx Lt f **g (x , t );( p , s ) ,

1 1
1 1
Since M (u ,v ) uvF , , N (u ,v ) uv G , , then
u v
u v
1 1 1 1
M (u ,v ) N (u ,v ) 1
E 2 f **g (x , t );(u ,v ) uv F , G , uv
.

M (u ,v ).N (u ,v ).
uv uv
uv
u v u v
III.
Applications
In this section, we assume that theinverse double Elzaki transform is exists.We apply the inverse doubleElzaki
transform to find the solution of the wave equation in one dimension with initial and boundary conditions.
Example (1): Consider the homogeneous wave equation in the form:

U tt c 2 U xx , (14)
with initial conditions

U (x ,0) sin x ,
and boundary conditions

U (0,t ) 2t ,
where c

1
2

is

U t (x ,0) 2,

(15)

U x (0,t ) cos(ct ),
T

the tension, and

is

(16)
its linear density. The quantity

c has

the dimensions of

velocity.
By taking the double Elzaki transform to Eq.(14) we get,

T (u ,0)
T (0,v )
T (u ,v )
T (u ,v )
c2
T (0,v ) u
, (17)
2
v 2 T (u ,0) v

t
x

u
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On Double Elzaki Transform and Double Laplace Transform

The single Elzaki transform of initial conditions gives

3
u
T (u , 0)
,
2
u 1

T(u , 0)

2
2u , (18)

The single Elzaki transform of boundary conditions gives

T(0,v )

T (0,v ) 2v ,

2 2
c v 1

, (19)

By substituting (18) & (19) into equation (17), we get

T (u ,v ) 2 T (u ,v )
T (u , 0) 2
T (0,v )
c
T (u , 0) v
c T (0,v ) c 2u
, then
2
2
v
u
t
x
u 3 v 2
2 3
T (u ,v ) 2
2 2
2u v , (20)
u 1 c v 1

ApplyinginversedoubleElzaki transformof equation (20) gives the solution of wave equation (14) in the form
U (x ,t ) 2t sin x cos(ct ). (21)
By taking the double Laplace transform to Eq (14) we get,

s 2 F ( p , s ) sF ( p ,0)

F ( p ,0)
F (0, s )

c 2 p 2 F ( p , s ) pF (0, s )
(22)
t
x

Thesingle Laplace transform of initial conditions gives

F ( p ,0) 2
,
t
p

1
,
p 1

F ( p ,0)

(23)

The singleLaplace transformof boundary conditions

F (0, s )

F (0, s )
s
2
, (24)
x
s c2

2
,
s2

By substituting (23)&(24) into equation(22), we get

F ( p , 0) 2
F (0, s )
c pF (0, s ) c 2
, then
t
x
1 s
2
F (p,s ) 2
2 . (25)
2
2
p 1 s c ps

c 2 p 2 F ( p , s ) sF ( p , 0)

Applyinginversedouble Laplace transform of equation (25) gives the solution of wave equation (14) in the form
U (x ,t ) 2t sin x cos(ct ).
(26)
Example (2): Consider the inhomogeneous wave equation in the form:

U tt U xx 6t 2x , t >0.
With initial conditions

U (x ,0) 0,

(27)

U t (x ,0) sin x ,

(28)

and boundary conditions

U (0,t ) t 3 ,

U x (0,t ) t 2 sin t ,

(29)
By taking the double Elzaki transform to Eq.(27) gives,

T (u ,0) T (u ,v )
T (0,v )
T (u ,v )

T (0,v ) u
6v 3u 2 2u 3v 2 , (30)
2
v 2 T (u ,0) v

t
x
u
The singleElzaki transform of initial conditions gives

T (u ,0) 0,

T(u ,0)
u3
2 , (31)
t
u 1

Thesingle Elzaki transform of boundary conditions gives

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On Double Elzaki Transform and Double Laplace Transform

T(0,v )
v3
4
2v 2 , (32)
x
v 1

T (0,v ) 6v ,
5

By substituting(31) &(32) intoequation (30), we get

u 2 v 2
v u3
v 3u
3 2
3 2
5
4

, then
2 2 T (u ,v ) 6v u 2u v 6v 2v u 2
u 1 v 2 1
uv
u 3 v 3
T (u ,v ) 2u 3v 4 6v 5u 2 2 2 . (33)
u 1 v 1
By applyinginverse double Elzaki transform of equation (33) gives the solution of wave equation (27) in the
form

U (x ,t ) xt 2 t 3 sin x sin t .

(34)
By taking double Laplace transform to Eq (27),we get

s 2 F ( p , s ) sF ( p , 0)

F ( p , 0) 2
F (0, s )
6
2
p F ( p , s ) pF (0, s )
2 (35)

2
t
x p s
p s

Thesingle Laplacetransform of initial conditions gives

F ( p , 0)

F ( p , 0) 0,

1
, (36)
2
p 1

The single Laplace transformof boundary conditions gives

F (0, s )

F (0, s ) 2!
1
3 2 , (37)
x
s s 1

3!
,
s4

By substituting (36)&(37) into equation(35), weget

s 2 p 2 F (p,s )

F (p,s )

6
2
6p 2
s2 p2
then

s 2p
p 2s s 4 s 3
s 2 1 p 2 1

6
2
1
2 3 2
, (38)
s p
p s
s 1 p 2 1
4

By applyinginverse double Laplace transform of equation (38) gives the solution of wave equation (27) in the
form

U (x ,t ) xt 2 t 3 sin x sin t .

(39)

Example (3):Consider the inhomogeneous wave equation in the form:

U tt U xx 3e 2 x t , (x,y) R 2 . (40)
With initial conditions

U (x ,0) e 2 x +e x ,

U t (x ,0) e 2 x +e x , (41)

and boundary conditions

U (0,t ) 2e t ,

U x (0,t ) 3e t , (42)

By taking the double Elzaki transform to Eq. (40),we get

u 2 v 2
T (u , 0) T (u ,v )
T (0,v )
T (u ,v )
v 2 T (u , 0) v
u 2 T (0,v ) u x 3 1 2u 1 v , (43)
t

Thesingle Elzaki transform of initial conditions gives

T (u ,0)

u2
u2
+
,
1 2u 1 u

T(u ,0)
u2
u2

+
,
t
1 2u 1 u

(44)

Thesingle Elzaki transform of boundary conditions gives

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On Double Elzaki Transform and Double Laplace Transform

T(0,v ) 3v 2

, (45)
x
1 v

2v 2
T (0,v )
,
1 v

By substituting (44) & (45) intoequation (43), we get

u 2 v 2 u 2 v 2
T (u ,v )

, (46)
1 2u 1 v 1 u 1 v
Applying inverse double Elzaki transform of equation (46)gives the solution of wave equation(40) in the form

U (x ,t ) e 2 x t +e x t . (47)
By takingdouble Laplace transform to Eq.(40), we get ,

s 2 F ( p , s ) sF ( p ,0)

F ( p ,0) 2
F (0, s )
3
p F ( p , s ) pF (0, s )
, (48)

t
x s 1 p 2

The single Laplace transform of initial conditions gives

F ( p ,0)

F ( p ,0)
1
1

,
t
s p 2 s p 1

1
1

,
s p 2 s p 1

(49)

The single Laplace transformof boundary conditions gives

F (0, s )

F (0, s )

p s 1

p s 1

(50)

By substituting (49) & (50) in equation(48), weget

F (p,s )

s 1 p 2

1
,
p 1 s 1

(51)

Applying doubleinverse Laplace transform of equation(51)gives the solution of waveequation (40) in the form

U (x ,t ) e 2 x t +e x t . (52)
Example (4):Consider the inhomogeneous wave equation in the form:

U tt U xx 3U 3, (53)
With initial conditions

U (x ,0) 1,

U t (x ,0) 2sin x ,

(54)

and boundary conditions

U (0,t ) 1,

U x (0,t ) sin 2t , (55)

By taking the double Elzaki transform to Eq.(53), we get,
T (u ,0) T (u ,v )
T (0,v )
T (u ,v )

T (0,v ) u
3T (u ,v ) 3u 2v 2
2
v 2 T (u ,0) v

t
u

(56)

The single Elzaki transform of initial conditions gives

T (u ,0) u 2 ,

T(u ,0)
2u 3
2 ,
t
u 1

(57)

The single Elzaki transform of boundary conditions gives

T (0,v ) v 2 ,

T(0,v )
2v 3
2 , (58)
x
4v 1

By substituting (57) & (58) into equation (56), we get

u 2 v 2 3u 2v 2
2u 3v
2v 3u
2
2
T
(
u
,
v
)

3u 2v 2 , then

2 2
2
2
uv
u 1
4v 1

u 3 2v 3
(59)
T (u ,v ) u 2v 2 2
2

u 1 4v 1
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On Double Elzaki Transform and Double Laplace Transform

Applying doubleinverse Elzaki transform of equation (59) gives the solution of wave equation (53) in the form
U (x ,t ) 1 sin x sin 2t . (60)
By taking double Laplace transform to Eq. (53), we get

s 2 F ( p , s ) sF ( p ,0)

F ( p ,0) 2
F (0, s )
3
p F ( p , s ) pF (0, s )
3F ( p , s )
t
x
s

(61)

The single Laplace transform of initial conditions gives

F ( p ,0)

1
,
p

F ( p ,0)
2
2 ,
t
p 1

(62)

The singleLaplace transformof boundary conditions

F (0, s )

1
,
s

F (0, s )
2
2
,
x
s 4

(63)

By substituting (62)&(63) into equation(61) , we have

p 2 3 F ( p , s ) sF ( p , 0)

F (p,s )

F ( p , 0)
F (0, s ) 3
pF (0, s )
, then
t
x
s

1 1 2

. (64)
ps p 2 1 s 2 4

Applying doubleinverse Laplace transform of equation (64) gives the solution of wave equation (53) in the form

U (x ,t ) 1 sin x sin 2t . (69)

IV.

Conclusions

Double Elzaki transform is applied to obtain the solution of wave equation of one dimensional, the
result are compared with result of double Laplace transform. The wave equation in one dimensional under the
initial and boundary conditions, give similar results when we use the double Elzaki transform and double
Laplace transform.

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